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1、Unit 1 Back to school重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习(知识点全覆盖)重点单词变形1potentialn潜力;可能性 adj.潜在的,可能的potentiallyadv.潜在地,可能地2challengen&vt.挑战;质疑challengingadj.有挑战性的3advancen进步,进展;前进,行进 vt.&vi.发展,进步advanced adj.先进的,高级的4amazingadj.令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的amazedadj.惊讶的amazevt.使惊讶amazementn惊讶5confidencen信心,信任;把握confidentadj.自信的6equala
2、dj.相等的;平等的;相当的 n同等的人(物) linkingv与相等 vt.比得上equalityn平等;相等equallyadv.同样地;相等地;公平地7balancevt.同等重视;(使)保持平衡;权衡重要性 n均衡,平衡;平衡能力balancedadj.平衡的;均衡的8improvevt.&vi.改进,改善improvementn改进9detailn细节;具体情况 detailedadj.详细的10proposaln提议,建议,动议proposevt.提议11professionaladj.职业的,专业的 n专门人员,专业人士professionn职业,专业professorn教授,讲
3、师12alarmn闹钟;恐慌;警报器 vt.使惊恐,使害怕alarmedadj.惊恐的alarmingadj.使人惊恐的13contributionn贡献;捐款;捐赠contributev捐献;贡献contributorn捐献者;投稿人14fortunatelyadv.幸运地,幸亏fortunateadj.幸运的fortunen运气;命运15optionn可选择的事物,选择;选修课optionaladj.可选择的16attractvt.吸引,使喜爱;招引;引起(反应)attractiveadj.吸引人的attractionn有吸引力的事物核心短语1lie in存在于,在于2rise to能够处
4、理3make a difference起作用,有影响4make the most of充分利用,尽情享受5take advantage of利用6last but not least最后但同样重要的7look forward to盼望,期待8as a result of由于9stick to坚持;固守,维持10over time随着时间流逝,久而久之11cant wait to迫不及待地12take part in参与,参加13in time迟早;最后;及时14pay attention to注意一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1Her good looks_(attraction)the sta
5、res of many men. 2_(fortunate), it took a horrible accident to change her attitude. 3When the football fans saw Beckham, they got so excited _ they cried out. 4The government is aiming _(reduce) the unemployment rate. 5Your problems lie _ not having effective methods. 6Parents should actively encour
6、age their children to take advantage _ the opportunity to join sports teams. 7We have full _(confident) that we shall succeed in the end. 8I cant wait _(see) her face when she walks in here tonight. 9Answers to these questions and others like them could _ (potential) help us avert catastrophe. 10He
7、will share his _(profession) knowledge of hair-care. 11After a discussion, they decided to have the plan_(improve).12It is_(amaze) how quickly a child learns a language.13After some time, when both of you have renewed your _ (confident) in each other, go back to the time when you nearly fell apart.1
8、4A dinner _ (host) to thank those who made efforts to save people in the pandemic. 15Every time I fail my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me to have much _ (confident). 16_ (fortune), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave. 17His _ (co
9、ntribute) was of great worth. 18What an _(amaze) movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is! 19The various environmental _(challenge) are significant but the efforts made seem to be paying off. 20Of equal importance _ (be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive mind. 21The lively song _(remind) m
10、e of my years in Kenya. 22Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and _ (challenge). 23It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a _ (profession) artist. 24People here have a more relaxed attitude _ their work. 25I would like to respect for the _(contribute) they ma
11、ke. 26This is a _(potential) critical situation, so we have to be cautious. 27A university is a place where you can learn to be wise, learn to be confident and learn to make _ difference. (用适当的词填空)28This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way _(attrac
12、t) customers.29However, reading novels is not the only way _(improve)your English. 30I am going to learn to play the guitar and exercise _(regular). 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31They are faced with the same _ (挑战) in life as you are. 32Many young people flock to big cities because there are many job _ (机会). 33What
13、 _(吸引) me most to the job was the chance to go abroad. 34Im writing this letter to you to express my concern about the sports _(设施)in our school. 35The four countries _(属于) to the United Kingdom. 36I find that I dont _ (消化) meat easily.37We all believe Jack has made a great _(努力) to pass the exam. 3
14、8They make a great _ (贡献) to their country.39The more time, energy and money you spend _(获得,取得) knowledge, the more control you have over your life.40Whats your_ (态度) towards wildlife protection?41China is not rich in natural _ (资源) for such a large population.42Please_ (提醒) the passengers that no s
15、moking is allowed on this train. 43We should take a positive _ (态度;看法) to work. 44Are you the _(主人) of this house? 45The exhibition tomorrow is an _ (机会) to see her later work. 46Time is your most valuable _ (资源) , especially in examinations. 47He is a hero who made great_ (贡献) to the development of
16、 our country. 48In some poor countries, women are not really _ (平等的) to men. 49Some small unpleasantness gradually developed with our next-door neighbors. A few unfriendly words were _(交换), but mostly we ignored each other. 50Especially_(令人惊叹的) is the Incas dry stone method of building.三、完成句子51把计算机业
17、务分包出去,我们就可以更快地利用新技术。We can _ _ _ new technology more quickly by farming out computer operations.52His proposal that the system _ was rejected.他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。53She treats the people who work for her_.她以平等的身份对待为她工作的人。54We must _ to deal with the problem.我们必须采取积极步骤处理这个问题。55All children should be enco
18、uraged to _.应当鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文To show that English is interesting and _56_ (create), the author uses many examples that show the crazy _57_ (mad) of English.For example, in fact, there is no egg in eggplant at all and there is no ham in a hamburger. Also, there is neither pine _58_ ap
19、ple in pineapple. While we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting, we take_59_ photo. And both“ in the car” and“ on the train” are used at the same time, though the ways one is seated are not similar. _60_ (struggle) among all these usages, people may feel puzzled about why“carsick”means“sick i
20、n a car”while“homesick”means“sick far away from home” . Whats more, it is not easy _61_ (understand) why while“ hard”is the_62_ (oppose) of“soft” ,“hardly” and “softly”are not an opposing pair. More examples are offered to show how mad English can be. When the stars are out, they are visible, but wh
21、en the lights are out, they are _63_ (visible). In addition, when one winds up his watch, it starts; but when one winds up a passage, it ends.At last, he comes to the conclusion that the reason _64_ English can be so mad is that it was invented by people, and that it_65_ (reflect) the creativity of
22、the human race.试卷第4页,共4页学科网(北京)股份有限公司学科网(北京)股份有限公司参考答案:1attract【解析】考查动词时态。句意:她的美貌吸引了许多男人的目光。分析句子可知,空处缺少句子的谓语动词,attraction对应的动词为attract(吸引),句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语looks为复数,谓语动词用原形。故填attract。2Unfortunately【解析】考查副词。句意:不幸的是,一场可怕的事故才改变了她的态度。分析句子可知,空处修饰整个句子,用副词作状语,结合语境可知,这是不幸的事情,用unfortunately(不幸地是),放在句首,首字母大写
23、。故填Unfortunately。3that【解析】考查状语从句。句意:当球迷们看到贝克汉姆时,他们激动得叫了起来。分析句子可知,sothat引导结果状语从句,表示:如此以至于,空处缺少that。故填that。4to reduce【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:政府的目标是降低失业率。aim to do sth.意思为:旨在做某事,空处用不定式结构to reduce作宾语。故填to reduce。5in【解析】考查介词。句意:你的问题在于没有有效的方法。 此处考查动词短语lie in,意为“在于”,后接名词或动名词,作宾语。设空处应用介词in。故填in。6of【解析】考查短语。句意:家长应该积极
24、鼓励孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。take advantage of意思为:利用,固定短语。故填of。7confidence【解析】考查名词。句意:我们完全有信心我们最终会成功。形容词修饰名词作宾语,“自信的”confident的名词形式是confidence。故填confidence。8to see【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:我等不及看她今晚走进来时的表情了。cant wait to do sth.意思为:迫不及待做某事,固定短语,空处缺少不定式to see。故填to see。9potentially【解析】考查副词。句意:这些问题和其他相似问题的答案可能会潜在地帮助我们阻止灾难。设空处修饰
25、动词help,在句中作状语,应用副词,故填potentially。10professional【解析】考查形容词。句意:他将分享他的专业护发知识。修饰名词knowledge,前用形容词professional作定语。故填professional。11improved【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:经过讨论,他们决定改进计划。have sth.done为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构,其中宾语与宾补之间是被动关系,需要用过去分词做宾补。分析句子可知,the plan和improve是被动关系,故需填improve的过去分词improved。故填improved。12amazi
26、ng【解析】考查形容词。句意:儿童学习一门语言的速度快到让人感到惊奇。分析句子结构可知,该句的It作形式主语,真正主语是how quickly a child learns a language,应用-ing结尾形容词amazing作表语。故填amazing。13confidence【解析】考查名词。句意:过了一段时间,当你们都重新对对方充满信心时,回到你们几乎崩溃的时候。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your可知,空处需要名词作宾语。confidence为名词“自信”,符合题意。故填confidence。14was hosted【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:举办了一场晚宴,感谢那些为拯救这场流行病
27、中的人们所做的努力。分析句子可知,空处为句子的谓语,根据语境和从句谓语动词made可知,时态为一般过去时,主语A dinner与动词host之间为动宾关系,所以此处应用一般过去时的被动式,主语为单数,be动词用was,故填was hosted。15confidence【解析】考查名词。句意:每次我考试不及格,开始灰心丧气,看到我的座右铭,我就会充满信心。用不可数名词confidence做动词have的宾语。故填confidence。16Fortunately【解析】考查副词。句意:幸运的是,在医院住了一段时间后,Ben已经康复,可以去旅行了。分析可知,所填空应是副词作状语修饰整个句子。fort
28、une,名词,意为“财富,运气”,其副词形式为fortunately,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Fortunately。17contribution【解析】考查名词。句意:他的贡献很有价值。分析句子结构可知,空处需用名词作主语;contribute的名词为contribution“贡献”;由空后was可知,空处名词需用单数。故填contribution。18amazing【解析】考查形容词。句意:长津湖之战是一部多么令人吃惊的电影啊!根据后文的movie可知,这里应用形容词修饰名词,作定语;又因movie是物,所以应用amazing形式。故填amazing。19challenges【解析】考查
29、名词复数。句意:各种各样的环境挑战是重大的,但付出的努力似乎正在取得成效。challenge挑战,是可数名词,由空前的various“各种各样的”可知此处应用复数形式。故填challenges。20are【解析】考查完全倒装,主谓一致和时态。句意:同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的心态。分析可知,此处为“be of+抽象名词”结构,用来表示主语的性质、特点;介词短语前置,句子应完全倒装,将谓语动词置于主语之前,故本句主语为“good study habits, useful skills and a positive mind”;陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词应用
30、are。故填are。21reminded【解析】考查时态。句意:这首欢快的歌让我想起了我在肯尼亚的岁月。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,动词要用过去式,“remind”意为“使想起”,动词词性,过去式为“reminded”。故填reminded。22challenging【解析】考查形容词。句意:建立一个全新的家庭既令人兴奋又具有挑战性。分析句子可知,空格处应用形容词,在句中作表语,“challenging”意为“具有挑战性的”,形容词词性,修饰事或物,在句中作表语。故填challenging。23professional【解析】考查形容词。句意:他花了很长时间才掌握了
31、成为一名职业艺术家所需的技能。修饰后文名词artist应用形容词professional,作定语。故填professional。24to#towards【解析】考查介词。句意:这里的人对工作的态度更放松。观察句子可知,have a(n)attitude to/towards意思为:对有的态度。故填:to/towards。25contribution【解析】考查名词。句意:我希望他们的贡献得到尊重。冠词修饰名词,contribute“贡献”是动词,名词形式是contribution,根据句意,此处用作单数,表示“他们做出的贡献”,故填contribution。26potentially【解析】考
32、查副词。句意:这是一个潜在的紧急情况,所以我们必须谨慎。结合设空后的形容词critical可知,此处要用副词修饰形容词。potential“潜在的”为形容词,副词形式为potentially,故填potentially。27a【解析】考查冠词。句意:大学是一个让你学会睿智、学会自信、学会有所作为的地方。make a difference为固定短语,意为“有影响,有所作为”。故填a。28to attract【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这对餐馆和商店等企业很有用,因为它提供了一种吸引顾客的新方式。a way to do sth.表示“做某事的方式”,不定式短语作后置定语。故填to attract
33、。29to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,阅读小说并不是提高英语水平的唯一途径。固定短语:the only way to do“唯一做某事的方式”,不定式此处为定语,根据句中提示,故填to improve。30regularly【解析】考查副词。句意:我打算学习弹吉他并定期锻炼。修饰动词exercise应用副词regularly,作状语。故填regularly。31challenges 【解析】考查名词。句意:他们在生活中面临着和你一样的挑战。形容词same后接名词形式。challenge挑战,为可数名词,指各种挑战,所以用复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意,故填challeng
34、es。32opportunities【解析】考查名词。句意:许多年轻人涌向大城市,因为那里有很多工作机会。“机会”是opportunity,由前面的many可知,空格处用复数,故填opportunities。33attracted【解析】考查动词时态。句意:这份工作最吸引人我的是出国的机会。分析句子可知,what引导主语从句,从句缺少谓语动词,根据was可知,从句用一般过去时,“吸引”attract,过去式为attracted。故填attracted。34facilities【解析】考查名词。句意:我写这封信是为了表达我对我们学校体育设施的关注。根据汉语提示“设施”,以及上文the sport
35、s可知此处应填名词作宾语,facility符合题意,可数名词,没有表示单数的限定词,故应该用复数形式。故填facilities。35belong【解析】考查动词,时态。句意:这四个国家属于联合王国。根据句子结构可知,句子缺谓语;陈述客观事实,谓语动词用一般现在时态;根据汉语提示,“属于”表达为不及物动词belong,主语The four countries为复数,谓语动词应用动词原形。故填belong。36digest【解析】考查动词。句意:我发现我不容易消化肉。根据句子结构,设空处在宾语从句中作谓语,根据汉语提示,设空处应用及物动词digest,空前为助动词dont,后接动词原形。构成一般现
36、在时的否定式。故填digest。37effort【解析】考查名词。句意:我们都相信杰克为通过考试已经付出了巨大的努力。根据汉语提示“努力”可知,空处应填effort;根据上文不定冠词a可知,空处应是名词单数形式作宾语。故填effort。38contribution【解析】考查名词。句意:他们对国家做出巨大贡献。根据所给句子可知,此处需要使用名词被great修饰,结合短语“make a great contribution to”意为“为做贡献”,故填contribution。39acquiring#gaining#obtaining#getting【解析】考查动词。句意:你为获取知识花的时间、
37、精力和金钱越多,你的生活就会控制的越好。根据汉语提示“获得,取得”以及前文you spend可知,此处应用动词acquire或gain或obtain或get的动名词acquiring/gaining/obtaining/getting作宾语。spend (in) doing sth是固定句型。故填acquiring/gaining/obtaining/getting。40attitude【解析】考查名词。句意:你对野生动物保护的态度是什么?根据汉语提示“态度”和空前的“your”可知,此处应填不可数名词attitude。故填attitude。41resources【解析】考查名词。句意:对于如
38、此庞大的人口来说,中国的自然资源并不丰富。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词resource,可数名词,常用复数形式,表示泛指。故填resources。42remind【解析】考查动词。句意:请提醒乘客,本次列车禁止吸烟。根据汉语提示可知是动词remind,本句为祈使句的肯定形式,用动词原形,故填remind。43attitude【解析】考查名词。句意:我们应该以积极的态度对待工作。根据汉语提示“态度,看法”可知,应填名词attitude,作宾语,不定冠词提示,应用名词单数形式。故填attitude。44host#owner【解析】考查名词。句意:你是这个房子的主人吗?根据汉语提示及设空前t
39、he可知,此处用名词作主语,host/owner“主人”,且指一个主人,应用单数形式,故填host/owner。45opportunity【解析】考查名词。句意:明天的展览是一个看她后期作品的机会。根据汉语提示和冠词an可知,名词opportunity符合题意,作表语。故填opportunity。46resource【解析】考查名词。句意:时间是你最宝贵的东西,尤其是在考试中。分析句子结合汉语提示可知,名词resource符合句意,作表语,由is可知,此处用单数形式。故填resource。47contributions【解析】考查名词。句意:他是为我们国家的发展做出巨大贡献的英雄。根据汉语提示
40、“贡献”和空前的“made”可知,此处为名词contribution作宾语,make contributions to为固定短语,意为“为做出贡献”。故填contributions。48equal【解析】考查形容词。句意:在一些贫穷国家,女性与男性并不真正平等。分析句子可知,设空处需填入形容词作表语,结合汉语提示可知,形容词equal符合句意。故填equal。49exchanged【解析】考查动词。句意:我们和隔壁邻居之间逐渐发生了一些小的不愉快。我们互相说了几句不友好的话,但大多数时候我们都不理会对方。根据汉语提示“交换”用exchange,以及句意“几句不友好的话被交换”可知此处应用被动语
41、态be done,故填exchanged。50amazing【解析】考查形容词。句意:尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石砌法。根据汉语提示“令人惊叹的”可知应用形容词amazing,作表语,此处为完全倒装。故填amazing。51 take advantage of【解析】考查动词原形。take advantage of为固定用法,意为“利用”。can为情态动词,后面的动词使用原形。故答案为take aadvantage of。52should be changed【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知,设空处应该填的是同位语从句的谓语动词。system和change之间为动宾关
42、系,同时表示建议、命令、请求等词语后面所跟的同位语从句中,应该使用should do的虚拟语气。故应该填should be changed。53as her equals【解析】考查名词和介词。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“以平等的身份”,可理解为“动作和她身份一样的人”,“作为”是as,“和她身份一样的人”是her equal,equal不止一个,需用复数,因此空格处是as her equals。故填as her equals。54take positive steps【解析】考查固定搭配和形容词。对比中英文句意可知,空处表示“采取积极步骤”之意,take steps“采取措施/步骤”,动
43、词短语,符合题意;positive积极的,形容词作定语修饰名词steps;情态动词must后需接动词原形。故填take positive steps。55realize their full potential【解析】考查短语和非谓语动词。realize ones (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜能,不定式to后接动词原形。根据句意,故填realize their full potential。56creative57madness58nor59a60Struggling61to understand62opposite63invisible64why65reflects
44、【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了展示英语的趣味性和创造性,作者用了许多例子来展示英语的疯狂,作者最后得出的结论是:英语之所以可以如此疯狂的原因是它由人发明的,它反映了人类的创造力。56考查形容词。句意:为了展示英语的趣味性和创造性,作者用了许多例子来展示英语的疯狂。空处与形容词interesting并列作表语,应用形容词,create的形容词为creative,故填creative。57考查名词。句意:为了展示英语的趣味性和创造性,作者用了许多例子来展示英语的疯狂。空处为宾语,应用名词作宾语,mad的名词为madness(疯狂),用作不可数名词。故填madness。58考查连词。句意:此
45、外,菠萝中既没有松树也没有苹果。根据句意和neither可知,此处应填入nor,构成固定短语neithernor,表示“既不也不”。故填nor。59考查冠词。句意:我们一边雕刻雕塑、画画,一边拍照。take a photo表示“拍照”,photo是可数名词,此处表示泛指,用不定冠词修饰,故填a。60考查非谓语动词。句意:在所有这些用法中挣扎,人们可能会感到困惑,为什么“carsick”意味着“生病在车里”,而“homesick”意味着“生病远离家”。空处作状语,应用非谓语动词形式,动词struggle与主语people之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词表主动,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Struggling。61考查非谓语动词。句意:并且,更不容易理解的是,为什么“硬”和“软”是对立的,而“难”和“软”不是对立的一对。“it is+形容词+to do sth.”为固定用法,it为形式主语,代替后移的动词不定式,此处真正主语为不定式。故填to understand。62考查动名词。