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1、专题06 阅读理解（2022江苏无锡中考真题）Have you ever watched a show about the wild? A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that? All about eating and blood? Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen? Lets look at sonic living things who work with each other instead o
2、f ripping each other apart.When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living things body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, d
3、oes not give anything back, and hurts the thing its taking things from.Now lets get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not bite. Commensalism is when two living things live together and one g
4、ets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin? Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.Now lets get really nice.
5、 While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along? Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. W
6、ithout bees, flowers could not make new seeds. Its win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebras blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal
7、 could not live without the other.We use the word “Symbiotic (共生的)” for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes its good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes its just good for one. Sometimes its even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that ar
8、e finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.1The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to _.Atell a storyBsolve a mysteryCIntroduce a subjectDdiscuss a programme2Which of the following best describes the relationship betw
9、een bees and flowers?ANeighbours.BFriends.CStrangers.DPartners.3How does the writer develop the passage?ABy showing pictures.BBy giving examples.CBy presenting reasons.DBy drawing conclusions.4What can we infer from the passage?AThe world of living things remains to be explored.BMore actions should
10、be taken to protect living things.CTV programmes about living things require to be improved.DMore money will be spent on documentaries about living things.【答案】1C2D3B4A【导语】本文主要讲述了动物界共生的相关知识。1推理判断题。根据“Lets look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.”可知，第一段
11、提及电视节目是为了引出文章主题；故选C。2推理判断题。根据“Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example.”可知，互惠主义是指两个生物一起工作，都从中得到好处；因此花和蜂蜜的关系是一种合作关系；故选D。3篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，作者一系列例子来阐述共生、寄生的概念；故选B。4推理判断题。根据“So, it is nice to know that there are some
12、 living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.”可知，生物世界还有待探索；故选A。（2022江苏无锡中考真题）Lupe Medrano, a shy girl, was a straight-A student. Though Lupe had a sharp mind, she could not, no matter how much she tried, run a
13、s fast as the other girls. The truth was that Lupe was no good in sports.“Ill never be good at sports.” She felt angry one rainy day as she lay on her bed, looking at the shelf her father had made to hold her awards. “I wish I could win something, anything, even marble(弹珠).”At the word “marbles”, sh
14、e sat up. “Thats it. Maybe I could be good at playing marbles, and marbles is a sport.” She rushed out of her room and found the marbles in her brothers room.She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from her thumb(拇指) and clicked against the targeted(作为目标的) marble. But the target wo
15、uldnt budge. She tried again and again, but the power from her thumb made the targeted marble roll only an inch or two.She realized her thumb was weak and then decided to squeeze(捏) a rubber eraser one hundred times, hoping it would strengthen her thumb.The weeks passed quickly. Lupe worked so hard
16、that one day, while she was drying dishes, her mother asked why her thumb was swollen(肿胀的).“Its muscle,” Lupe explained, “Ive been practicing for the marbles championship.”“You, honey?” Her mother, Mrs. Medrano, knew Lupe was no good in sports.“Yeah, I beat Alfonso, and hes pretty good.”When her fat
17、her, Mr. Medrano, heard this, he was very happy and encouraged Lupe.Practice, practice, practice. Lupe got better and better. Then the day of the championship came. She beat her first competitor easily, and won one marble, and then one after another. At last, Lupe was in the final to play against a
18、girl in a baseball cap. The girl never even looked at Lupe.“I dont know, Dad. She looks tough.”“You can do it,” her father encouraged. “Just think of the marbles, not the girl, and let your thumb do the work.”It was a tough fight. But finally Lupe won the most marbles and became the winner!“I did it
19、!” Lupe said under her breath. She rose from her knees, which hurt from bending all day, and hugged her father.Back home, in her own bedroom, she was happy. She had always won praise because of her brains, but winning in sports was a new experience. She thanked her tired thumb. “You did it, thumb. Y
20、ou made me champion.” As its reward, Lupe went to the bathroom, filled the bathroom sink with warm water, and let her thumb swim as it pleased. Then she climbed into bed and fell into her sweet dreams.5What does the underlined word “budge” mean in this story?AJump.BSpin.CFloat.DMove.6How did Lupe fe
21、el when she saw the girl in a baseball cap?ASad.BAshamed.CCurious.DWorried.7Which is the best title for this story?AThe Thumb.BA Sharp Mind.CThe Marbles.DA New Experience.【答案】5D 6D 7C【导语】本文主要讲述了一个害羞的女孩Lupe Medrano学习弹珠的故事。5词句猜测题。根据“She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from her th
22、umb(拇指) and clicked against the targeted(作为目标的) marble. But the target wouldnt budge.”可知，起初，她轻轻地弹。弹珠从她的拇指上滚下来，在目标弹珠上发出咔嗒声。但目标弹珠没有移动。budge此处与move意思一致，表示“移动”。故选D。6推理判断题。根据“I dont know, Dad. She looks tough.”可知，此时Lupe觉得对手有点强，所以应该是有些担忧。故选D。7最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一个害羞的女孩Lupe Medrano学习弹珠的故事。C选项“弹珠”符合题意。故选C。（2022江苏
23、泰州中考真题）Daniel, Sandy and Simon are in the lab.Simon: Lets do an experiment. I fill a jar(罐子) with water. I cover the top with a piece of cardboard(纸板) and hold it there. Then I turn the jar upside down and take my hand off the cardboard. Can you guess what will happen? Daniel: I think the floor will
24、 get wet. We should do this experiment outside, Simon.Sandy: I think the cardboard will hold the water.Daniel: I dont think so.Sandy: You think the water will pour out, Daniel. I think the water will stay in the jar. Lets do the experiment to test whose opinion is correct.Simon: Good idea, Sandy. Th
25、at is called the scientific method.Sandy: I am so sure of my opinion that Simon can do the experiment over your head and I know you wont get wet.Daniel: Well, lets try.Simon: Are you ready, Daniel?Daniel: No! Wait! (He puts on a raincoat and sits down.) Now I think Im ready.Sandy: Simon, take your h
26、and off the cardboard.Daniel: No! (Daniel closes his eyes tightly(紧紧地), and Simon takes his hand off the cardboard. The water stays in the jar.)Sandy: See, Daniel!Daniel: How is that possible?Simon: The force(力) of the air keeps the water in the jar. It is strong enough to hold the water.Daniel: Wow
27、!Simon: So what have we discovered?Sandy: We have discovered the air pressure(压力) helps the cardboard hold the water in the jar.Simon: Right. What do you conclude, Daniel?Daniel: I conclude that air is stronger than I thought.8How does Daniel feel during the experiment?AExcited.BNervous.CTired.DUnha
28、ppy.9What keeps the water in the jar according to the result of the experiment?ASimons hand.BThe water pressure.CThe force of the air.DThe force of the jar.10Which of the following is the right order of the experiment according to the script? Put a piece of cardboard over the jar. Fill the glass jar
29、 with water, Take the hand off the cardboard. Turn the glass jar over quickly and hold the hand on the cardboard.ABCD11The underlined word “that” refers to(指的是) _.ASandys guessingBDaniels opinionCdoing an experimentDdiscussing with others12What does the script mainly tell us?ATeamwork can help solve
30、 problems.BSafety is important when doing experiments.CThe air pressure is always strong enough to hold the water.DCorrect conclusions can be got through doing experiments.【答案】8B 9C 10A 11C 12D【导语】本文主要告诉我们通过实验可以得到正确的结论。8推理判断题。根据“Daniel closes his eyes tightly(紧紧地), and Simon takes his hand off the c
31、ardboard. The water stays in the jar.”（丹尼尔紧紧闭上眼睛，西蒙把手从纸板上拿下来。水留在罐子里）可推断出丹尼尔是很紧张的，故选B。9细节理解题。根据“The force(力) of the air keeps the water in the jar. It is strong enough to hold the water.”可知是大气压让水留在罐子里，故选C。10细节理解题。根据“I fill a jar(罐子) with water.”可知把罐子里装满水是排在第一位；根据“I cover the top with a piece of cardb
32、oard(纸板) and hold it there.”可知用一张纸板盖住罐子排在第二位；根据“Then I turn the jar upside down and take my hand off the cardboard.”可知迅速把玻璃罐翻过来排在第三位，然后把手从纸板上拿下来排在第四位，所以A选项正确。故选A。11词义猜测题。根据“Lets do the experiment to test whose opinion is correct.”以及“That is called the scientific method.”可知此处的that是指做实验，故选C。12主旨大意题。根据
33、“Lets do the experiment to test whose opinion is correct.”及“Good idea, Sandy. That is called the scientific method.”可知文章主要告诉我们通过实验可以得到正确的结论，故选D。（2022江苏泰州中考真题）Ancient art doesnt have to be boring. Technology in the 21st century can help to bring it to life by combining(融合) the best of the old and the
34、 new.Along the River During the Qingming FestivalWalking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were amazed by seeing a huge digital(数码的) painting. Scientists digitized(数码化) the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festisal by Chinese artist Zhang Zeduan.The original
35、(原先的) painting shows life during the Northern Song period and it includes many details of ancient Chinese customs, lifestyles and technology. Farmers work in the fields, sailors move around their boats and people eat and do business in restaurants. Parts of the background are also animated(做成动画). Yo
36、u can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water. These animations perfectly combine modern technology and ancient art.Digital technology allows todays artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible. Techniques such as animation and 3D digital
37、 projection(投影) make art come alive.Dunhuang Cave PaintingsDunhuang Caves, which are protected ancient treasures in the Gobi desert in Northwest China, are filled with paintings and sculptures with lasting value. This artwork was created over a period of around 1,000 years.The good news is for art l
38、overs who cannot travel and for the caves. Scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves, which makes the artwork come alive. There is also a function(功能) that lets viewers zoom in and enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail.Digitising ancient art allows us to
39、 explore the ancient practices. It also makes the whole world understand the art while protecting the original artworks for the future.13From the passage, we can know that _.Aboth of the two artworks use 3D digital projectionBancient art allows people to explore the modern technologyCpeople cant go
40、to Dunhuang to enjoy paintings and sculptures nowDthe digital painting, Along the River During the Qingming Festival was created by Zhang Zeduan14Which sentence may be the best to fill in the “_”?AIn the digital painting, a lot of these details are animated.BIn the digital painting, a lot of these s
41、cenes are well known.CIn the digital painting, more details of the art can be enjoyed.DIn the digital painting, many different styles of art can be seen.15The underlined phrase “zoom in” means _ in Chinese.A使(镜头)抬高B使(镜头)拉近C使(镜头)俯视D使(镜头)远离16From the passage, we can infer(推断) that _.Astudying ancient
42、art as much as possible is very necessaryBgood art must combine modern technology and ancient artCprotecting the ancient artworks is more important than developing technologyDmore valuable ancient artworks will be protected better with technology in the future17Which of the following can be the best
43、 title of the passage?AEnjoying Ancient ArtBProtecting Modern TechnologyCDigitising Ancient ArtDUnderstanding Modern Technology【答案】13A 14A 15B 16D 17C【导语】本文主要讲述了数字化技术可以帮助我们探索古代艺术品的奥妙，同时也使它们得到更好的保护。13细节理解题。根据“Techniques such as animation and 3D digital projection(投影) make art come alive.”以及“ Scientis
44、ts have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves, which makes the artwork come alive”可知这两幅作品都使用了3D数字投影技术，故选A。14推理判断题。根据“ Farmers work in the fields, sailors move around their boats and people eat and do business in restaurants. Parts of the background are also animated(做成动画)”（农民在田里干活
45、，水手在船上走动，人们在餐馆吃饭和做生意。部分背景也会设置动画）可知此处是指作品里很多地方都是动画化的，选项A符合语境，故选A。15词义猜测题。根据“enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail.”（更详细地欣赏绘画和雕塑。）可知，需要把镜头拉近才能更详细欣赏，故选B。16推理判断题。根据“Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. It also makes the whole world understand the art while pr
46、otecting the original artworks for the future.”（数字化古代艺术使我们能够探索古代的做法。 也让全世界都了解艺术，同时为未来保护原创艺术品。）可推知未来会有更多珍贵的古代艺术品通过技术得到更好的保护，故选D。17最佳标题题。根据“Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. ”以及通读全文可知本文主要讲述了数字化技术可以帮助我们探索古代艺术品的奥妙，同时也使它们得到更好的保护，故选C。（2022江苏宿迁中考真题）The oil paper umbrella is
47、 a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）. It has a history of over 1,000 years in ChinaIn early Tang Dynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, such as Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had it
48、s own style. However, as steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, the hand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turned into decorative artifacts（装饰性工艺品）.Yuhang in Hangzhou is known for making oil paper umbrellas for more than 230 years. They are mainly m