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1、每周时事热点中考英语最新热点时文题型全面过关（全国通用）【解析版】06 航天点亮梦想 星辰见证浪漫星河辽阔，再探苍穹！2022年是“超级航天年”，中国航天带给了国人无数的惊喜与浪漫。6月5日，在神舟十三号回家不到两个月后，陈冬、刘洋、蔡旭哲3名航天员也去宇宙“出差”了！神舟十四号的成功发射，是中国航天员第9次踏上征途，也是中国长征系列运载火箭第423次冲向太空。这一刻，国人无不为之沸腾。“大鹏一日同风起，扶摇而上九万里”已成为现实，“宇宙之无穷”映入眼帘，“手可摘星辰”也不再夸张。如今，航天已成为全民热门话题。据悉，我国将于2022年年底完成空间站建设，届时我们将正式进入“空间站时代”。中国航
2、天一路走来，距中国人首次进入太空已经过去了19年，从2003年杨利伟的“一人一天”到2021年叶光富、翟志刚和王亚平的“三人半年”；从单艘飞船到中国空间站，未来几年还将会是太空里唯一的空间站。中国航天事业从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强，66年来我们先后创造了两弹一星、载人航天、月球探测、火星探测的辉煌成就。伟大事业都始于梦想，基于创新，成于实干。今年航天日的主题是“航天点亮梦想”，航天梦的种子在神舟大地生根、发芽、结果。2022年，中国航天依旧“繁忙”，空间站完成在轨建造，空间基础设施卫星继续升空，唯有继续奋斗才能书写新奇迹！【题型速览】一、阅读理解（阅读单选、阅读判断、阅读填表、阅读还原）41
3、. 航天史篇51-2) 神舟十三号（一、二）4/63) 重返地球84) 中国航天日105) 北斗卫星126) 太空旅行/太空旅行知多少14/167) 2021大记事182. 科技篇201) 航天训练202) 太空出差223-5) 重返地球（一、二、三）25/28/306) 太空行走327) 航天服（一、二）34/368) 火星车祝融号389) 卫星3910) “墨子号”通讯卫星4211-12) 太空垃圾（一、二）44/463. 人物篇481) 太空漫步482) “太空教师”王亚平503) 圆梦太空524) 女性榜样王亚平545-6) 宇航员王亚平（一、二）56/587-8) 周承钰（一、二）5
4、9/619-10) 太空出差三人组（一、二）63/654. 太空故事篇671-15) 天宫课堂（一至十五）67-975. 国际篇981) 来自国际友人的祝贺982-3) 国际空间站（一、二）101/1024) 太空旅行104二、阅读回答问题1071. 返前准备1072. 天宫课堂1093. 太空旅行1114. 空难113三、多任务阅读1151. 明朝万户飞天梦1152-4. 太空授课（一、二、三）117/119/121四、阅读补全短文123五、完形填空1251. 科技篇1251) 太空服1252) 太空行走1282. 人物篇1311) 王亚平1312) 世界名人1343. 太空故事篇1371)
5、 太空过大年1372) 来自太空的对话140六、语法选择1421. 神舟十二号1422. 宇航员景海鹏1473. 太空生活151七、语法填空1551. 天宫空间站第一位女性1552. 太空漫步1573. 天宫课堂1594. 太空危与机并存161八、语篇翻译163九、短文填空（首字母填空、综合填空、选词填空）165/172/1741. 神舟十三号1652. 王亚平（一）1683. 指挥官周承钰1704. 王亚平（二）1725. 神舟12号1746. 重返地球1767. 王亚平（三）1798. 天宫课堂181十、读写综合1821. 国际空间站的生活1822. 天宫课堂185十一、书面表达（材料作文
6、、电子邮件、书信作文、演讲稿）189/194/196/1971. 中国航天日1892. 中国航天之父钱学森1913-4. 我最崇拜的航天英雄（一、二）192/1935. 给宇航员的一封邮件1946. 给宇航员的一封信1967. 我的太空梦197十二、报纸杂志时文阅读1991. 神舟十四号宇航员进入空间站1992. 太空英雄从星空归来2003 奇怪的目击事件2014. 遥远的恒星被发现203【阅读理解航天史篇】【1】神舟十三号（一）Five, four, three, two, one, blast off (发射升空)! At 00:23 on Oct 16, 2021, the Shenzh
7、ou XIII spacecraft rose into the sky from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu. Three Chinese astronautsZhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfuset off for the Tiangong space station.The spacecraft (宇宙飞船) successfully docked (对接) with the space station core module Tianhe. The crew (机组人员) wil
8、l stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.Shenzhou XIII is the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second manned ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost (轨道位置). Before it, Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft was laun
9、ched on June 17, carrying three astronautsNie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. They stayed in the space station for three months and returned to Earth on Sept 17.The Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments (任务), such as doing medical experiments, setting up robotic (机械的) arms
10、and checking the devices (设备) inside the station. They have performed (执行) two space walks to work outside the stationone was on Nov 7, with Wang becoming Chinas first female spacewalker, while the other was on Dec 26.The mission is a valuable (有价值的) opportunity for Chinas science community (团体) bec
11、ause it allows the astronauts to carry out in-orbit experiments that take a lot of time and manual work, Pang Zhihao, a former analyst (分析师) at the China Academy of Space Technology, told China Daily.The Shenzhou XIII mission has fueled (点燃) teenagers passion for space exploration as well. On Dec 9,
12、 the astronauts gave a science lecture to millions of students on Earth. They showed the kids a glimpse (一瞥) of their space life and did some fun science experiments. For example, Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward (向下) if yo
13、u try to pour it into a cup.Denis Simon, executive (执行的) director of the Center for Innovation Policy at Duke University in the US, told Xinhua that Chinas success in space continues to be impressive. “China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration,” he said.1What do we know abo
14、ut the mission of Shenzhou XIII?AIt has the most astronauts ever sent into space.BIt is the first mission to send astronauts to an orbiting outpost.CThe spacecraft is the first one to visit the Tiangong space station.DIt is the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.2What is Paragraph 4 ma
15、inly about?ADevices astronauts used to finish their tasks.BWho spacewalkers are.CHow the space walks were performed.DThe tasks for Shenzhou XIII astronauts.3What do we know about water in space?AIt does not flow downward.BIts color is different from water on Earth.CIt flows quicker than it does on E
16、arth.DIt will break a cup if people try to pour it.4What does Denis Simon mean in the last paragraph?AThere will be more success in space exploration around the world.BCooperation between China and the US is going well.CChina has followed the laws of space exploration.DChina has done a great job in
17、space exploration.【答案】1D2D3A4D【解析】【导语】本文介绍神舟13号成功发射，中国宇航员在太空中的任务以及意义，及中国在航天上的成就。1细节理解题。根据第二段“The crew will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.” 可知，机组人员将在太空停留六个月，执行中国宇航员有史以来时间最长的太空任务，故选D。2段落大意题。根据第四段“The Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide
18、 range of assignments ”可知，本段是介绍这次太空之旅宇航员们要执行的任务，故选D。3细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup.”可知，王制作了一个水球来说明太空中的水和地球上的水是不同的。如果你想把它倒进杯子里，它不会往下流，所以说明太空中的水不会向下流动，故选A。4推理判断题。根据最后一段“China
19、is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration”可知，中国在太空探索中已经取得很大成就，故选D。【2】神舟十三号（二）At 00: 23 on Oct 16, 2021, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft rose into the sky from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu. Three Chinese astronauts- Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfuset off for
20、the Tiangong space station.The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the space station coremodule Tianhe. The Chinese astronauts will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission (使命).Shenzh ou XIII is the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second
21、 manned ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost (轨道位置). Before it, Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft was launched on June 17, carrying three astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. They stayed in the space station for three months and returned to Earth on Sept 17.The Shenzhou
22、XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments, such as doing medical experiments, setting up robotic (机械的) arms and checking the devices(设备) inside the station. They have performed two space walks to work outside the station one was on Nov 7, with Wang becoming Chinas first female spacewalker, wh
23、ile the other was on Dec. 26.The mission is a valuable opportunity because it allows the astronauts to carry out in-orbit experiments that take a lot of time and manual work.The Shenzhou XIII mission has fueled (点燃) teenagers passion for space exploration as well. On Dec9, the astronauts gave a scie
24、nce lecture to millions of students on Earth. They showed the kids their space life and did some fun science experiments. For example, Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup.Denis Simon, the direc
25、tor of the Center for Innovation Policy at Duke University in the US, told Xinhua that Chinas success in space continues to be impressive. “China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration,”he said.1What do we know about the mission of Shenzhou XIII?AIt has the most astronauts eve
26、r sent into space.BIt is the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.CIt is the first mission to send astronauts to an orbiting outpost.DThe spacecraft the first one to visit the Tiangong space station.2What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe tasks for Shenzhou XIII astronauts.BThe men who ar
27、e spacewalkers.CDevices astronauts used to finish their tasks.DTime when the space walks were performed.3What does Denis Simon mean in the last paragraph?AThere will be more success in space exploration around the world.BCooperation between China and the US is going well.CChina has done a great job
28、in space exploration.DChina has followed the laws of space exploration.【答案】1B2A3C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国载人飞船神舟十三号的发射背景、主要任务以及重大意义。1细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The Chinese astronauts will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission (使命).”可知，中国航天员将在太空执行最长的任务。故选B。2段落大意题。根据第四段首句“The
29、Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments,”可知，本段主要是写神舟十三号宇航员的任务。故选A。3推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration,”可以推断出中国在太空探索中已经做得很好了。故选C。【3】重返地球Three Chinese astronauts from the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship returned to the Earth after comple
30、ting their six-month mission. One of their major goals was to prepare the station for future groups of taikonauts（中国航天员）who will complete theassemblyof the space station.Thanks to a new quick return procedure carried out for the first time, Shenzhou-13s return trip lasted about nine hours rather tha
31、n the 24-hour trip for Shenzhou-12, with the return capsule only circling the Earth five times before entering its final return orbit instead of 11 times as in past missions.The Shenzhou-13 crew was responsible for taking out some of the science instruments to be used for experiments on the station.
32、 They also performed two spacewalks, conducted more than 20 different science experiments in addition to delivering two live educational lectures.Taikonaut Wang Yaping, who gave the first public class from the Tiangong-1 space station, gave two such classes on this trip to Tiangong-2, which were vie
33、wed by millions of school children in China.In addition, the taikonauts were sent questions from 20 schools in 13 U.S. states by American school children. The pre-recorded questions and responses were shared with students, parents and teachers at a “My Questions to Taikonauts” event on April 9 spons
34、ored by the Chinese Embassy in Washington, DCThis was the first six-month mission, which will give those on the ground the opportunity to study the effects of the longer duration mission on the taikonauts, especially on the ageing process. The six-month stay will be common for astronauts in the futu
35、re.Visiting the Wenchang Space Launch Center on April 15, Chinese President Xi Jinping said that the facility serves Chinas new-generation, heavy-lift carrier（运载）rockets and plays a significant role in the countrys deep-space exploration. The Chinese President called for efforts to achieve “world-le
36、ading standards” for Chinas spacecraft launch facilities.1What does the underlined word “assembly” probably mean?ABuildingBDiscovery.CInvention.DImagination.2What is the improvement of Shenzhou-13s return trip before entering its final return orbit?AIt lasted about nine hours with the return capsule
37、 circling the Earth eleven timesBIt lasted about 24 hours with the return capsule circling the Earth eleven times.CIt lasted about nine hours with the return capsule circling the Earth five times.DIt lasted about 24 hours with the return capsule circling the Earth five times.3Shenzhou-13 astronauts
38、did the following except _.Adelivered two live educational lecturesBstudied the effects of ageing processCanswered questions from American childrenDconducted many different science experiments4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Taiyuan Space Launch Ce
39、nter.BChinas spacecraft launch facilities have become “world-leading standard”.CThe six-month stay will be common for astronauts in the future.DThe facility is important for the countrys deep-space exploration.5Which of the following is the best title for this passage?AThe Online Lectures in Shenzho
40、u-13BThe Return of Shenzhou-13 to the EarthCThe Lives of Shenzhou-13 Astronauts in SpaceDThe World-leading Spacecraft: Shenzhou-13【答案】1A2C3B4D5B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟13号宇宙飞船顺利返回地球，介绍了这次它的任务以及所取得的成就。1词义猜测题。根据“One of their major goals was to prepare the station for future groups of taikonauts（中国航天员）who wil
41、l complete the assembly of the space station”可知，其中一个主要任务是为未来几组航天员完成空间站的组装建造做好准备，所以assembly与building同义，故选A。2细节理解题。根据“Shenzhou-13s return trip lasted about nine hours rather than the 24-hour trip for Shenzhou-12, with the return capsule only circling the Earth five times before entering its final retu
42、rn orbit instead of 11 times as in past missions”可知，这次的神舟13号返回舱绕地球5圈，历时约9个小时，故选C。3细节理解题。根据“conducted more than 20 different science experiments in addition to delivering two live educational lectures”以及“the taikonauts were sent questions from 20 schools in 13 U.S. states by American school children”
43、可知，神舟13号并没有研究老化过程的影响，故选B。4推理判断题。根据“the facility serves Chinas new-generation, heavy-lift carrier（运载）rockets and plays a significant role in the countrys deep-space exploration”可知，该设施对中国的深空探测很重要，故选D。5最佳标题。本文围绕“神舟13号顺利返回地球”为线索，介绍了它的意义，所以B选项“神舟十三号返回地球”符合本文标题，故选B。【4】中国航天日Sunday marks the seventh Space D
44、ay in China. On this special day, more than 200 activities were organized, including aerospace open days, science talks, knowledge competitions. Space exhibition（展览） halls and space facilities （设施）opened to the general public and students of primary and middle schools.*A primary school in Qingdao, S
45、handong ProvinceA teacher explains space knowledge to his students through models in Qingdao, Shandong Province, on Sunday. Besides, students can make models with their classmates.*A middle school in Wenling, Zhejiang ProvinceMiddle school students join in physical training by their teachers. In thi
46、s way, students can have a better understanding of astronauts.*A school in Zaozhuang, Shandong ProvinceYue Xiu, a teacher, explains space knowledge to students in the space science museum in Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, on Sunday.*A kindergarten（幼儿园）Huzhou, Zhejiang ProvinceChildren use toy blocks
47、to build Long March rocket and launch towers in 3 kindergartens in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, on Friday.*A school in Xinyu, Jiangxi ProvinceA popular science caravan is sent to a school in Jiulongshan town to carry out popular science activities in Xinyu, Jiangxi Province, on Thursday.*A school in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province.Students visit the Youth Aerospace Science and Technology Museum in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, on Sunday.1If you want to have a better understandin