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1、每周时事热点冲刺中考英语重难题型考前突破（全国通用）【解析版】03 美时代之人 育中华之魂（美育教育）最近，人教版小学数学教材插画引发争议，有网友反映插画人物眼神奇怪、毫无美感。而小学教材作为孩子长时间接触的书本，里面的内容与插画会潜移默化地影响孩子，甚至能成为孩子的审美启蒙。针对这个问题，人教社发布说明，已着手重新绘制有关册次数学教材封面和部分插图，改进画法画风，提高艺术水平，发挥教材封面和插图的育人作用。近代教育家蔡培元在任职北大校长期间，就曾强调：“美育之目的，在陶冶活泼、敏锐之性灵，养成高尚纯洁之人格。”真正的美育不仅能让孩子学会鉴赏美，还能激发孩子的想象力与创造力。美育的最终落脚点不
2、是让每个人都能成为艺术家，而是让孩子成为生活家。美育基本内容包括：1、艺术美，音乐和舞蹈，绘画，影剧欣赏，文学；2、自然美，以大自然为审美对象所感受和体验到的美；3、社会美，以社会生活中美好的人和事为对象而感受和体验到的美；4、科学美，以科学的内容和形式为对象所感受到的美；5、中小学美育的内容包括，艺术教育，如文学、音乐、图画、戏剧、电影、舞蹈等；组织学生观察和欣赏自然美，引导学生体验社会生活美和劳动美。【题型速览】一、阅读理解（阅读单选、阅读填表、回答问题、多任务混合阅读、阅读还原）2/52/56/62/65二、完形填空71三、语法填空90四、语篇翻译92五、短文填空（语境提示填空、选词填空
3、）94六、书面表达105七、报纸杂志时文阅读（附）110【阅读单选5题】“Art does not solve problems, but tells us their existence,” famous Polish sculptor（雕塑家）Magdalena Abakanowicz once said. “Arts education, on the other hand, does solve problems.”The high school entrance exams for Chinese Junior 3 students are mainly about academic
4、 subjects, such as math and Chinese. But starting from 2022, they will be tested in areas like music and art.On Oct 16, the Ministry of Education (MOE) said that fine arts will be included in high school entrance exams in more provinces and cities by 2022. Twelve cities in six provinces have already
5、 started the practice, including Nanjing and Qingdao. The scores for these subjects are from 10 to 40 points. This is being done to encourage primary and secondary schools to provide more fine arts classes. They should cover subjects such as music, painting, calligraphy（书法）, dance, drama and opera,
6、The Paper noted.“Aesthetic（艺术的） education is not just about teaching students how to paint, sing or danceits about the ability to appreciate artistic beauty, which is very important for students mental health,” Fan Dian, president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, told China Daily. However, the c
7、hange has caused heated discussion. Many students and their parents worry about this new policy will bring too much extra work. They think that since students already have heavy academic workloads , adding new testing material would make things worse.It was also pointed out that not every student wo
8、uld be talented enough to be good at these subjects. “Its really hard for tone-deaf people like me to remember melodies. So I need to do extra practice before music tests,” Zhao Hanfang, a 15-year-old student from Yunnan, told newspapers. “So if music is included in the high school entrance exams, I
9、 might be too much stressed.”In response to this, Jiangsu authorities said that the tests would be based on basic knowledge that comes from the students textbooks. The extra workload will not be difficult and shouldnt put too much pressure on students, China Business Herald noted.1From Magdalena Aba
10、kanowicz, we know that _.Aart is the key to all problemsBarts education is more important than artCknowing art can make life betterDthe existence of art is meaningless2What do we know about the policy of the MOE in the story?AHigh school entrance exams will not be changed.BMusic and art will get the
11、 same position as academic subjects.CTwelve cities will carry out the policy by 2022.DThe policy reflects the importance of arts.3Some people disagree with the exam changes because _ .students are under too much pressuresome kids are not talented in music and artlearning about the fine arts is not g
12、ood for their kids mental healthit is too tiring to take at least one PE class every dayABCD4What are paragraphs 6 and 7 mainly about?ASome problems students might face.BToo much schoolwork makes things worse.CHow people feel about art.DHow to deal with the extra work brought by the policy.5What can
13、 we infer from the passage?AStudents will be much busier because of the policy.BThe art tests can pick out talented students.CThe art tests will focus on basic knowledge.DThe policy is set for students who is gifted for arts.【答案】1C2D3A4A5C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了由艺术课程被纳入学校课程及考试范围所引发的一些担忧及思考。1细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Ar
14、ts education, on the other hand, does solve problems.”可知，了解艺术可以帮我们解决问题，让生活变得更好。故选C。2细节理解题。根据文中的句子“the Ministry of Education (MOE) said that fine arts will be included in high school entrance exams in more provinces and cities by 2022.”可知，美术课已经被越来越多的学校纳入入学考试中，从这一政策反映出艺术的重要性。故选D。3细节理解题。根据文中的句子“They th
15、ink that since students already have heavy academic workloads , adding new testing material would make things worse.”和“It was also pointed out that not every student would be talented enough to be good at these subjects. ”可知，有些人不同意考试的变化是因为学生压力大以及有些孩子在音乐和艺术方面没有天赋。故选A。4主旨大意题。文中的句子“Many students and th
16、eir parents worry about this new policy will bring too much extra work”以及“It was also pointed out that not every student would be talented enough to be good at these subjects”可知，两段均讲述了如果艺术课被纳入考试，学生可能遇到的一些问题。故选A。5推理判断题。根据文中的句子“In response to this, Jiangsu authorities said that the tests would be base
17、d on basic knowledge that comes from the students textbooks.”可知，艺术考试的内容将基于课本的基础内容。故选C。“Without music, life would be a mistake,” famous German philosopher (哲学家) Fridrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some US schools have cut music classes to
18、 control budgets (预算).For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired(解雇) over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the
19、 UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. Thats partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isnt tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more of
20、ten.However, learning music is beneficial in many ways.When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see
21、music notes and decode (解码) them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time.Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and Germa
22、n physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.6Some schools in the US cut music classes, because _.Athey were too difficult to learnBthe schools wanted to control budgetsCthere werent enough music teachers in the USDstudents in the US werent interested in music7In Paragraph 3, what does t
23、he underlined word “beneficial” mean?ABoringBHelpfulCFunnyDUseless8Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4?ADifferent abilities are needed to work together while we are playing music.BPlaying the piano needs people to use fingers to make sounds.CDecoding music notes is needed while we are playing music.D
24、Playing the piano needs people to see music notes.9How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.10The writers main pourpose is to tell us _.AMusic is as simple as it looks.BMusic classes should be cut in some schools.CMusic is a big part of o
25、ur lives.DMusic isnt a very important life skill for us.【答案】6B7B8A9B10C【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了音乐是我们生活的一个重要部分，但是一些学校正在削减音乐课。人们对音乐的不重视一定程度上是因为它不被视为一种重要的生活技能。事实上，音乐在许多方面是有益的，许多科学家就擅长演奏音乐。6细节理解题。 根据“But in recent years, some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets.”可知，美国的一些学校减少音乐课是为了控制预算。故选B。7词义猜
26、测题。根据下文可知都是举了一些音乐对我们有益的例子，hepful表示“有帮助的”，故选B。8主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“When playing music, you need different abilities to work together.”可知，演奏音乐时，需要同时运用不同的技能，下文展开详细讲述。故选A。9细节理解题。 根据“You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was tale
27、nted in playing the piano.”可知，一共提到了爱因斯坦和Max Planck两位科学家。故选B。10主旨大意题。文章首先讲了一些国家为了控制预算或因为更重视其他需要考试的学科而轻视音乐课程，甚至减少音乐课程。然后提出不同观点，认为音乐对人也是很有益的，并提出了音乐与科学的特殊联系，从而表达出音乐也是非常重要的这一观点，因而本文旨在说明音乐是人生的重要组成部分。故选C。Have you always wanted to learn an instrument, or return to one you used to play? Would you like to int
28、roduce your friends to instrument lessons and help them start building a lifetime of music? In many cultures, music is an important part of peoples ways of life, as it plays a key role in social and cultural activities. People may make music as a hobby, like a teenager playing the violin in a youth
29、orchestra（管弦乐队）, or work as a professional musician or singer. But why is music so important? That may be because music can train childrens brains. Every time you listen to a piece of music, youre actually giving yourself a deep and full-brain workout. If the brain is a muscle（肌肉）, then learning to
30、play an instrument and read music is the basic exercise. Two new studies show that music training can change both the brains white matter, which carries signals through the brain, and grey matter, which covers most of the brains neurons（神经元）that are active in processing information. Another reason i
31、s that one can get the joy of learning to play an instrument later in life. People of any age can learn to play and get a level of satisfaction. More people in their 50s and 60s are finding that taking up a musical instrument or singing improves their lives in many ways. Music education can provide
32、more than just learning how to sing or play an instrument. It can also provide different skills that people may need for success in a job outside of music. So forget apps, learn a musical instrument to train your brain now!11To make music as a hobby, teenagers can _.Aget a new instrument from their
33、friendsBplay an instrument in a youth orchestraChelp their friends build a lifetime of musicDplay instruments which they used to play12Music can train childrens brains by _.Ahelping to get more musclesBchanging the brains white matter onlyCgiving them a deep and full-brain exerciseDsending signals t
34、hrough the brains grey matter13The underlined word “signals” in paragraph 2 means _.AnewsBstoriesCnotesDmessages14We can learn from the passage that _.Apeople always want to learn an instrumentBinstruments play no role in social and cultural activitiesCpeople of any age can learn to play music and g
35、ain satisfactionDmusic education can only provide how to sing or play an instrument15This passage is mainly about _.Athe use of instrumentsBthe way of learning musicCthe introduction of instrumentsDthe importance of learning music【答案】11B12C13D14C15D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了学习音乐的重要性，可以锻炼大脑，可以使人获得满足感，也
36、可以提供不同的技能等。11细节理解题。根据第一段“People may make music as a hobby, like a teenager playing the violin in a youth orchestra（管弦乐队）, or work as a professional musician or singer.”可知，如果要把音乐当成业余爱好，青少年可以在管弦乐队拉小提琴，B项指在管弦乐队弹奏乐器，符合文意。故选B。12细节理解题。根据第二段“That may be because music can train childrens brains. Every time
37、you listen to a piece of music, youre actually giving yourself a deep and full-brain workout.”可知，音乐可以锻炼小孩的大脑是因为每次在听音乐的时候，都会给自己一个深度和全脑的锻炼。故选C。13词义猜测题。根据“the brains white matter, which carries signals through the brain”可知，白质主要起到传导作用，message表示信息，符合文意。故选D。14细节理解题。根据第二段“People of any age can learn to pla
38、y and get a level of satisfaction.”可知，任何年龄段的人都可以学音乐，并能获得满足感。故选C。15主旨大意题。根据第一段“music is an important part of peoples ways of life, as it plays a key role in social and cultural activities.”、第二段“But why is music so important?”及最后一段“It can also provide different skills”可知，本文主要是在讲音乐的重要性。故选D。Many parents
39、 display their childrens artwork on the refrigerator, but Kieron Williamsons paintings have been on display in professional galleries since he was 6 years old.Kierons artwork, though, extends far beyond child-like stick figures or finger painting. In fact, the child from Norfolk, England, has been c
40、alled “the boy who paints like an old master.”According to his parents, Kieron was a typical toddler(初学走路的孩子) who like finding bugs and playing in the mud. But on a 2008 family vacation to the beach, the 5-year-old kid was inspired by the boats and scenery and asked his parents for a sketch pad(速写本)
41、. His first drawings could have been done by any young child, but after the family returned home, Kieron continued drawing and, began to display a gift for art.When he started asking about the process of putting a painting together, his parents realized he needed professional instruction. Soon after
42、, be began taking lessons, and his progress amazed everyone as the young boy produced impressive landscapes(风景) and watercolors.In 2009, when the 6-year-old child had a chance to exhibit his work in a gallery, he sold 19 paintings for 14,000 pounds, becoming famous overnight. From then on, he was su
43、rrounded by buyers from France, Japan, Greece and other countries. The young artist held another exhibit three months after the first one and sold 16 paintings for over 17,000 pounds, followed by a third sale, earning 150,000 pounds. For the fourth exhibit, Kieron took the day off from school but en
44、ded up returning to school early. His entire collection had sold out in 10 minutes to collectors from around the world. Now he has a waiting list of more than 5,000 people who have ordered his paintings.He has appeared in interviews before millions, and he has been compared to Pablo Picasso. Yet Kie
45、ron doesnt seem to be fazed by all the attention, still making time for football and maintaining excellent grades at school. He does have one goal he gets excited about: “Id like the Queen to have a collection of my work.” With his popularity climbing, this young artist may realize his wish one day.
46、16According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?AKierons paintings are just as childish as other childrens.BKierons first drawings suggested that he would be an art master.CKieron became much better from professional instruction.DBefore displaying a gift for art, Kieron receive
47、d professional training.17Paragraph 5 is mainly intended to tell us _.Athe four exhibits of his paintingsBthe process of his wealth accumulation (积累)Cthe high quality of his paintingsDthe increasing popularity of his paintings18Why did Kieron go back to school early on the day of his fourth exhibit?ABecause his mind was focused on study.BBecause the exhibit was put off.CBecause be wanted to gain praise from teachers.DBecause his paintings were sold out earlier than expected.19The underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 6 probably means _.A受挫B