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1、2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（五）Exercise 1：长难句分析l.The court gave their approval for the life support machines to be turned off andwhile this ruling left TerriJ s parents feeling numb and others claiming that life issacred,which no one has the right to end,many would say it was the right thing to dofor Terri.句
2、式翻译_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 句式分析_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _【词语点拨】1 Approval n.批准；同意，赞成计划得到学校当局的认可。我们希望计划能得到批准。2)approve v
3、.同意，赞成她父亲永远不会赞成她嫁给这样的懒人。【语法点拨】l)leave sb doing让/使某人做.,doing在这个结构中作宾补,和宾语sb是主动关系。如果宾语和宾补是被动关系，用leavedone。如：三番五次的失败使他们情绪非常低落。他的答复我们都搞糊涂了。2)动词不定式或主语从句作主语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常 用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。it没有具体意义。如：他竟然拒绝了我的邀请，真是遗憾!理解这个英语节目难吗？2.Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechw
4、riterfor a U.S.president;he is also the first African American to serve as director ofspeechwriting for the White House.句式翻译_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 句式分析_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _【词语点拨】serve v.服务；用作；端上我们发现桦树皮可以作纸用。空姐们为乘客服务时总是满脸笑容。请把你的书收拾一下以便我端上饭菜。【语法点拨】动词不定式可以放在表示次序的词the first,the last等后面以及the only,the very,the right等词后面作定语，且与这些词有逻辑上的主谓关系。结构 为:the first/last/only/very/right/best/youngest.+n./pron.+to do sth,表 示 第一个/最
6、后一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的/最好的/最年轻的做某事的人/物”。如：最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。新西兰成为现代史上第一个允许妇女有选举权的国家。3.The Olympic spirit the spirit of competition which emphasizes taking partrather than winning has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.句式翻译_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 句式分析_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _【词语点拨】ratherthan与其；不愿；而不是。用于连接两个并列成分，连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致是汤姆而不是他的朋友们被选中。与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。我决定发邮件而不是打电
8、话。【语法点拨】有些名词后常跟不定式作定语，如:time,way,right,reason,effort,chance,movement,ability,desire,tendency 等。如：谢谢你给我发言的机会。格林先生能做到扬人之长。4.They are among the growing number of Americans who,driven by higherliving costs and a falling economy（经济），have taken up vegetable gardening for thefirst time.解析_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
9、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 翻译_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _5.When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit,you will beproviding as
10、sistance within all parts of the Revenue Division,dealing with post andother general duties.解析_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 翻译_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
11、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Exercise 2：阅读练习Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you designyour home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.Youcan make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some waysto turn your home i
12、nto part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely toencourage overeating,fbr people are often less self-conscious（难为情）when they9rein poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt haveenough window light,get more lamps
13、 and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellowor red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while coldcolors make us feel les
14、s hungry.So when its time to repaint,go blue.Dont forget the clock-or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consumeabout 70 fewer calories（卡路里）per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.Andwhile youre at it,actua
15、lly sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turnon relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eatabout 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.Whenwe choose a large
16、 spoon over a smaller one,total intake（摄入）jumps by 14 percent.And weH pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.l.The text is especially helpful fbr those who care about.A.their home comforts B.their body shapeC.house buying D.healthy diets2.A home environmen
17、t in blue can help peopl e.A.digest food better B.reduce food intakeC.bum more calories D.regain their appetites3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music.C.Use smaller spoons.D.Tum down the lights.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Is Your House Making Y
18、ou Fat?B.Ways of Serving DinnerC.Effects of Self-Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?参考答案1.【句式翻译】法院批准把生命供养机关掉，虽然此项裁决使得Terri的父母感到吃惊，而且使其他人声称生命是神圣的，没有人有权力将其终止，但是许多人都会说这对Terri来说是一件正确的事情。【句式分析】本句是复合句,while引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词life,feeling numb和claiming宾补，it在句中代替to do fo
19、r.作形式主语。The plan had the approval of the school authorities.We expected our plan to meet with approval.Her father will never approve of her marrying such a lazy fellow.Repeated failure had left them feeling very discouraged.His reply left us all rather confused.It is a pity that he should refuse my
20、invitation.Is it difficult to understand the English program.2.【句式翻译】埃德蒙兹是第一个非洲裔美国人作为全职演讲撰稿人为美国总统工作。他也是第一位非洲裔美国人作为演讲撰稿人总监为白宫工作。【句式分析】本句包含有两个由分号分隔开的分句，不定式短语to work和to serve都作定语，修饰 the first African AmericanoWe found that birch bark could serve as paper.Air hostesses all smile when they serve the pass
21、engers.Please clear your books away so that I can serve dinner.The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain.New Zealand was the first nation in modern times to allow women to vote.3.【句式翻译】奥林匹克精神一强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神一已经被为成功而不惜一切代价的愿望所亵渎。【句式分析】本句是复合句,which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词spirit,to succeed 修饰 desire
22、,作定语。Tom rather than his friends has been chosen.The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.I decided to send an e-mail rather than telephone.Thank you for giving me a chance to make a speech.Mr.Green has the ability to bring out the best in others.4.【解析】句子主干是 They are among the growing
23、number of Americanso“driven by higher.”是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 Americans；who,.have takenup vegetable gardening for the first time”是定语从句，修饰 Americans【翻译】越来越多的美国人迫于生活成本的上升和经济的衰退，首次开始经营蔬菜园子，他们就在其中。6.【解析】when引导的是时间状语从句；dealing with.”是现在分词短语作伴随状语。【翻译】当你加入我们财务管理单位的这团队，你将协助财务部各部门的工作，处理邮件和其他日常事务。【解析】想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关
24、系。建议有4 条：1.房间要明亮；2.用冷色系会减少食欲；3.放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；4.用小的碗碟。1.B 推理判断题。根据全文第一S Here are some ways to turn your home intopart of your diet plan.可知，这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎自己的体型的人有帮助。故选B。2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话in one study,可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。故选B。3.C 推理判断题。最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到,吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选 C。4.A 主旨大意题。根据开头的后文Here are some ways to turn your home intopart of your diet plan.可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的人士提了一些建议。所以选A 可以更好地概括全文。