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1、2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（七）Exercise 1：长难句分析1. At 12 years old she won a Guinness Record when she became the youngest female to win the womens world title for platform diving at the World Championships in Australia in 1991. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】championship n.冠军称号；锦标赛 我们为你赢得冠军而骄傲。 本届锦标赛的所有金牌都被这个队夺得。2. To g
2、et rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】1)get rid of 摆脱；除去 如何清除空气污染仍然是个大问题。2)measure n. 尺寸；措施；手段 vt. & vi. 测量；有长（宽、高等） 钟是用来计量时间的。 这个房间宽十米。 史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做
3、新衣服。 我们必须采取措施防止水被污染。3. Having identified the target group, researchers find out as much as possible about those in the target group, such as their likes and dislikes, and how the product would fit into their lives. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】identify vt. 识别，认出 你能从100自行车中认出你的那一辆吗？ 坏天气被认为可能导致了这个事故。【语法点拨】havi
4、ng done可以作状语，此时，它代表的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，它的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。如： 由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。 由于对形势的深刻了解，他们有效地处理了问题。4. However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.【解析】 【翻译】 5. It further requires that when op
5、inions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.【解析】 【翻译】 Exercise 2：阅读练习Smartphones have been blamed for everything from taking drivers attention from driving to keeping people on the sofa scrolling (滚屏) videos.But the smartp
6、hone that seems to be everywhere could just easily increase physical activities if it pushes its owners buttons in the right way.New research shows that making social connections through activity-tracking apps gets people to move more.And a separate study on this summers “Pokemon Go” phenomenon show
7、s that the smartphone game got players to take more steps than usual.Together,the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.People who linked with friends on the activity-tracking app increased their steps by 400 a day on average,compared with people who
8、made no social connections,according to Tim Althoff and two other computer scientists at Stanford University.The effect of social connections declined,but remained significant for five months before the numbers fell back even with users who made no connections.Such insights show the promise of smart
9、phones and games to help with one of the most stubborn public health problemsthat even people who want to be active have trouble staying active.An NBA videogame,for example,gives players extra power in the game if they reach a step goal in real life.The app “Zombies,Run!” uses audio stories to push
10、people to run more or run faster.Still,there is room for growth.Only about 4% of all health apps use “gamification”,according to a study published in October in BMJ Open.“Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques,” says Dr.Elizabeth Ann Edwards,the studys lead aut
11、hor and a doctor and researcher at Queen Mary University of London.1.What does the author think of smartphones?A.They lead to peoples lack of physical activity.B.They will make people have more connections.C.They can have video games more interesting.D.They can involve their users in more exercise.2
12、.According to “Pokemon Go” phenomenon,smartphone users become more active because .A.they have more social connectionsB.they get extra powers in lifeC.the games increase physical activitiesD.a life goal has been set step by step3.Who are most likely to exercise more?A.Video watchers on the sofa.B.Sm
13、artphone game lovers.C.People with no social connections.D.People with trouble staying active.4.How does the author try to prove the ease of smartphones?A.By showing the results of some researches.B.By explaining the functions of smartphones.C.By giving vivid description of some games.D.By analyzing
14、 the causes of public health problems.参考答案1. 【句式翻译】1991年，12岁的伏明霞就获得了一项吉尼斯纪录，当时她参加了在澳大利亚举行的跳台跳水世界锦标赛，成为最年轻的女子世界冠军。【句式分析】本句是复合句，when在句中引导状语从句，to win the womens world title作定语，修饰the youngest female。We are proud for you to win the championship. All the gold medals for the championship fell to the team.
15、2. 【句式翻译】把酒精从体内消除是个缓慢的过程，也不可能通过任何措施如洗澡或喝杯茶或咖啡来加速其消除的过程。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，To get rid of alcohol和to speed it up在句中都作主语。How to get rid of air pollution is still a big problem. A clock measures time. This room measures ten metres across. Mr. Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to his o
16、wn measure. We must take measures to prevent the water from being polluted. 3. 【句式翻译】明确了广告的目标群体后，研究人员就会尽量获取这个群体的有关信息，例如他们的好恶，以及如何使产品适应他们的生活。【句式分析】本句是复合句，how在句中引导定语从句，Having identified the target group是现在分词的完成形式作状语。Could you identify your bike among a hundred others. The bad weather is identified as
17、the possible cause of the accident. Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. Having known the situation well, they could deal with the problem efficiently. 4. 【解析】本句中in a way为介词短语作方式状语；which引导的定语从句修饰先行词way；he had no idea of his background at all为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语。【翻译】但是他接下来谈论奥巴马
18、的方式表明他对奥巴马的背景一无所知。5. 【解析】本句中that引导宾语从句，从句中when引导的是时间状语从句，which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代先行词overreact。【翻译】它进一步要求，当碰到与自己相反的意见时，医生不能反应过度，那样可能会让其他医生下次不敢说出自己的看法阅读答案【语篇导读】智能手机在许多方面受到人们的谴责,但是无处不在的智能手机如果运用恰当的话还是有利于人们的锻炼的,比如“Pokemon Go” 智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走,而使用音频可使人们跑得更多或跑得更快。1.D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But the smartphone that seems
19、to be everywhere could just easily increase physical activities.”可知,无处不在的智能手机同样可以增加体力活动,所以D项符合语境。2.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.Pokemon Go phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take more steps than usual.Together,the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.” 可知,智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走,使人们更活跃,所以选C项。3.B解析推理判断题。第五段中提到了一个NBA视频游戏,如果玩家在现实生活中达成目标,游戏就给他们在游戏中额外的权力。诸如此类等等来推动人们运动得更多或运动得更快。由此判断选B项。4.A解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者通过展示一些研究的成果来论证手机的易用性,所以A项正确。