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1、2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（十）Exercise 1：长难句分析1. The computer burst into life and second later, the screen turned into colors, shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the center of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.” 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】burst into匆匆进入（某处）；突然开始（某事）；突然进入（某种状态） 门忽然推开，他闯进了屋来
2、。 突然，比赛中的那辆领先的车出现了。 飞机突然起火, 机上的两名飞行员丧生。2. People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿 有些人喜欢在海滩上躺着, 但我喜欢去游览.表示“宁愿而不愿”，“喜欢而不喜欢”，其基本句型是： preferto，主要用于比较两
3、个名词或动名词 我喜欢海边，不喜欢山区。 我喜欢少讲课，多提问我的学生。 preferrather than，主要用于比较两个不定式（后面的不定式通常省略to，但前面的不定式必须带to） 他喜欢读书而不喜欢看电视。【语法点拨】1）不定式to do作宾语，具体用法参见第27句。2）doing作宾语，具体用法参见第31句。3. In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book
4、on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】1)in addition to 除之外，后接名词或动名词 in addition 此外；还有 除工资外，他每月还有五百元钱奖金。 我们需要金钱和时间，此外我还需要机遇。2）as well as既又；和。as well as连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。如： 这孩子既健康又活泼。 我们在粉刷墙壁同时也在修理屋顶。 老师和几
5、个学生正在实验室做实验。【语法点拨】1）doing作宾语，2) 不定式to do做宾补的用法：常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise, cause, expect, force, get, order, permit, tell, want, warn, wish, prefer, allow等。如： 这个母亲允许儿子一周玩两次电脑游戏。 老师告诉我不要再犯同样的错误。感官动词feel，listen to，hear，see，look at, watch，notice，observe后和使役动词let，make，have后，跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符号to。如： 我没看到
6、那个人打开门出去了。 刚才我看见露西匆忙去车站了。 他给我们讲了一个笑话，让我们立刻笑了。在被动语态中，动词不定式在感官动词后作主语补足语时，不定式符号to不省略。如： 工人们被迫干活到深夜。4. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.【解析】 【翻
7、译】 5. It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.【解析】 【翻译】 Exercise 2：阅读练习Teaching
8、PoetryNo poem should ever be discussed or “analysed”,until it has been read aloud by someone,teacher or student.Better still,perhaps,read it twice,once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end,so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears.All discussions of poetry are,in fact,pr
9、eparations for reading it aloud,and the reading of the poem is,finally,the most telling “interpretation” of itsuggesting tone,rhythm,and meaning all at once.Hearing a poet read in his or her own voice,on records or on films,is obviously a special reward.But even those aids to teaching cannot replace
10、 the student and teacher reading it or,best of all,reciting it.I have come to think,in fact,that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analysing” it,if there isnt time for both.I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry.Poetry is “a critici
11、sm of life”,and “a heightening of life”.It is “an approach to the truth of feeling”,and it can “save your life”.It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry.Those who dont like
12、 it should not be forced to communicate this to anyone else.But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature,about its sound as well as its sense,and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.1.To have a better underst
13、anding of a poem,one should .A.analyze it by oneselfB.discuss it with othersC.practise reading it aloudD.copy it down in a notebook2.According to the writer,one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students .A.to enjoy poetryB.to become poetsC.to become teachersD.to understand life3.What do
14、es the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?A.The teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject.B.More importance should be given to the teaching of poetry.C.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.D.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of
15、poetry.4.The underlined phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by “”.A.provide equipmentB.build a schoolC.set up a houseD.leave a certain amount of time参考答案1. 【句式翻译】电脑突然活跃起来，几秒钟后屏幕变成彩色，图像开始不断变换，然后屏幕中间出现两个白色大字：“空间运输车”。【句式分析】本句是并列连词and连接的复合句，shifting and changing在句中作伴随状语。The d
16、oor was suddenly pushed open and he burst into the house. Suddenly the leading car in the race burst into sight. The plane burst into flames, killing two of the airmen on board. 2. 【句式翻译】现在的人宁可同居，却不愿在结婚证上签字，因为他们拒绝为这种关系负责。【句式分析】本句是复合句，because在句中引导原因状语从句，living together， putting their signatures 和to a
17、ccept都作宾语。Some people like to lie on the beach, but I prefer going/to go sightseeing. I prefer the seaside to the mountains. I prefer questioning my pupils to lecturing them. He prefers to read rather than watch television. 3.【句式翻译】除了鼓励把阅读当作所有的人的一种追求外，这个项目还允许陌生人在汽车上通过讨论这本书来交流，同时宣传把阅读当作家庭和学校共享的一次体验。【
18、句式分析】本句是简单句，the program作主语，allows作谓语，strangers作宾语，to communicate作宾补，encouraging 和discussing都作介词宾语。In addition to his salary, he has a bonus of 500 yuan per month. We need money and time; in addition, we need opportunity. The child is lively as well as healthy. We are repairing the roof as well as pa
19、inting the walls. The teacher as well as several students is doing experiments in the lab. The mother permits her son to play computer games twice a week. My teacher told me not to make the same mistake again. I didnt observe the man open the door and go out. I saw Lucy hurry to the station just now
20、. He told us a joke, which made us laugh immediately. The workers are made to work far into the night. 4. 【解析】that引导定语从句，在定语从句中，their curiosity和how引导的从句并列作show的宾语。【翻译】这个挑战赛邀请，甚至挑战5到14岁的在校生创作艺术品或写一篇文章，来展示他们的好奇心，并告诉我们它如何激发他们去探索自我世界。5. 【解析】本句在“It be+过去分词+that从句”结构；从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句；3 billion passenger
21、 pigeons和 a number equal是同位关系。此外，还有一个现在分词短语“making”作结果状语。【翻译】据统计，当旅鸽数量达到最多时，曾超过了30亿只，这个数量相当于美国鸟类总数的24%-40%，使旅鸽成为世界上数量最为庞大的鸟类。【语篇导读】文章讲述作者作为英语教师,其目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌,并会在课堂上留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。1. C细节理解题。根据文章的第一句“No poem should ever be discussed or analysed,until it has been read aloud by someone”以及第二段的第一句“All
22、 discussions of poetry are,in fact,preparations for reading it aloud”可知,C项正确。2 A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry.”可知,作为英语教师我们的目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌,所以选A项。3.B句意理解题。第三段最后一句是指诗歌应该在语言和文学教学中占有更重要的地位。由此可知,应该更重视诗歌教学。4.D词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it” 可知,此处想表达在课堂要留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。