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1、【考研英语】2021年 11月安徽工程科技学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD captured【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词 attention搭配并符合题意的只有一个。capture 捕获，吸 引
2、（注意力），根据题意，正确答案应选Do第2题【单选题】On the wall two large portraits.A、hangsB、hangC、hangedD、hanging【正确答案】B【答案解析】地点状语提前,谓语是be,hang,stand,sit,lie等动词的句子里,主谓要倒装。第3题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply with
3、服从，遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第4题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第5题【单选题】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that
4、 it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the ear
5、th,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four poundsof tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of theearth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球表面4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？4000这个数字比较关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一看该句Ifyou could take a one-pou
6、nd packet of butter 4,000 miles outfrom the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案就是变成原来重量的四分之一,因此正确答案是A。第6题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looki
7、ng at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes could notfly without air.They need air to lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinne
8、r.If we go far enoughaway from the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become thicker.C、the air will exert pressure on itD the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A【答案解析】文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbe
9、cause as they go higher the air gets thinner.,因此对照答案为Ao第7题【单选题】Please dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling ormeaning.A、seekB、inquireC、searchD、consult【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。考查动词辨析。consult dictionaries是“查字典，的意思。第8题【单选题】Well.I do think the rabbit is a beautiful,gentle animal which can runvery
10、 fast.A、So it isB、So is itC、So does itD、So it does【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o此 题 容 易 误 选B,平时同学们经常练 习 和SO有关的倒装句：s o放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so+助动词+主语。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了 B o其实最佳答案为A。本题考查so+主语+助动词结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为“是的、对或 确实如此。句意：一哎，我真的认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。一确实如此。第9题【单选题】Parents often decide on the
11、basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of th
12、e food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating s
13、andwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第10题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓；B、发源C、器官D、选
14、择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发 源;发 生;起 航。第11题【单选题】from space,the earth,with water seventy percent of itssurface,looks like a“blue ball.A、Seen;coveredB、Seen;coveringC、Seeing;coveringD、Seeing;covering【正确答案】B【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see与the earth为被动关系，因此用过去分词；water与cover间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。第12
15、题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领
16、域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第 13题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在
17、我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本句虽然用了连词while,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因此while可译为 虽然。此句中的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥。第 14题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人
18、认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即 它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第15题【单选题】When the whale is killed,the blubber is stripped off and boiled down,either on board ship
19、 or on shore.A、当鲸鱼被杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，有时候是在船上进行的，有时候是在岸上进行的。B、当鲸鱼被杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行的，有的是在岸上进行的。C、鲸鱼杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，有时候是在船上进行的，有时候是在岸上进行的。D、鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行的，有的是在岸上进行的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为被动语态。此处原文是被动语态，但译文不一定说 鲸鱼被杀死之后，不用 被 字仍可表示被动的含义。第16题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sid
20、es of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o本题考查的知识点为增词或
21、减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第 17题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第 18题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A
22、、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第19题【单选题】Father made a promise I passed the examination he would buyme a computer.A、thatB、that ifC、ifD、whether【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案为Bo that引导同位语从句作promise的同位语，if在同位语从句之中引导条
23、件状语从句。第20题【单选题】Id better not catch that again!A、your doingB、you doingC、you to doD、you being doing【正确答案】B【答案解析】如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如 him,Mary）,其后是 动词ing：start,keep,stop,catch,find,leave,如：When are you goingto start him working for us?第21题【单选题】Egyptian agriculture has been transformed,and i
24、ndustry is benefitingfrom power generated by the dam.A、埃及的农业得到了改进，工业正从水坝发出的电力得到好处。B、埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。C、埃及的农业已经发生了变化，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。D、埃及的农业已经发生了改变，工业也从水坝发出的电力中获利。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意is benefiting from的翻译，最佳答案是B。第22题【单选题】After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the e a r t h,o u rastronauts desire
25、 to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。W hat只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。第23题【单选题】We have a agreement with her.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照
26、字面的。第24题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调 查,质 询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第25题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第26题【单
27、选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第 27 题 Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a textabout worlds first DNA computers.Choose the most suitable headingfrom the list A-F for each numbered paragraph(1-5).Th
28、e first and lastparagraphs of the text are not numbered.There is one extra headingwhich you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)AThe ability of DNA to store informationBExamples forthe future use of DNA computersCThe advantage of DNAcomputersDThe research of DNA compute
29、rs is at the beginningstageEThe working principle of the microscopic computersFTheevaluation made by the researching team on DNA computerslsraeliscientists have built a DNA computer so tiny that a trillion of them couldfit in a test tube and perform a billion operations per second with 99.8percent a
30、ccuracy.l)It is the first programmableautonomous computing machine in which the input,output,softwareand hardware are all made of biomolecules.Instead of using fires andformulas to solve a problem,the microscopic computer/s input,outputand software are made up of DNA moleculeswhich store and process
31、encoded information in living organisms.2)Scientistssee such DNA computers as future competitors to their moreconventional cousins because miniaturization is reaching its limits andDNA has the potential to be much faster than conventional computers.“We have built a nanoscale computer made of biomole
32、cules that is sosmall you cannot run them one at a time.When a trillion computers runtogether they are capable of performing a billion operations,said EhudShapiro,Professor of the Weitzman Institute in Israel.3)Although too simple to have any immediateapplications it could form the basis of a DNA co
33、mputer in the future thatcould potentially operate within human cells and act as a monitoringdevice to detect potentially,disease-causing changes and synthesizedrugs to fix them.The model could also form the basis of computers thatcould be used to screen DNA libraries in parallel without sequencinge
34、ach molecule,which could speed up the acquisition of knowledgeabout DNA.4)DNA can hold more information in acubic centimeter than a trillion CDs.The double helix molecule thatcontains human genes stores data on four chemical basesknown bythe letters A,T,0 and Ggiving it massive memory capability tha
35、tscientists are only just beginning to tap into,The living cell containsincredible molecular machines that manipulate information-encodingmolecules such as DNA and RNA in ways that are fundamentally verysimilar to computation/said Shapiro,the head of the research team thatdeveloped the DNA computer,
36、Since we don/t know how to effectivelymodify these machines or create new ones just yet,the trick is to findnaturally existing machines that,when combined,can be steered toactually compute,he added.5)Writing in the sciencejournal Nature,Shapiro and his team describe their DNA computer theautomaton w
37、hich can answer certain yes or no questions.Data isrepresented by pairs of molecules on a strand of DNA and two naturallyoccurring enzymes act as the hardware to read,copy and manipulate thecode.When it is all mixed together in the test tube,the software andhardware operate on the input molecule to
38、create the output.DNAcomputing is a very young branch of science that started less than adecade ago,when Leonard Adleman of the University of SouthernCalifornia pioneered the field by using DNA in a test tube to solve amathematical problem.Scientists around the globe are now trying tomarry computer
39、technology and biology by using nature/s own design toprocess information.【正确答案】ECBAF 答案解析】1）【答案】E【解析】本段位于整篇文章第二段，在第一段概括介绍之后，这一段具体说明此类计算机的工作原理，故 选Eo 2）【答案】C【解析】本段第一句话介绍说DNA计算机具有较传统计算机运行速度更快的优势，之后通过以色列教授的话具体肯定，故整段是围绕DNA计算机的优势展开，选C。3）【答案】B【解析】本段主要是对D N A计算机在未来应用的展望，包括可以被植入人体细胞内，作为监捽装置检测出潜在的致病变化，并合成药物
40、修理致病变化，还可以并行方式而非按顺序筛选DNA资料库，这样要可以加快人们对D N A知识的获取，故 选Bo 4）【答案】A【解析】本段第一句话说明每立方厘米DNA上可容纳的信息要比一万亿张光盘存储的容量还要多。由此可推断本段主要在介绍DNA存储信息的巨大能力，故选A。5）【答案】F【解析】此段第一句话引用 自然科学杂志刊登的一篇文章，说明在沙皮罗和研究小组成员的眼中，DNA计算机是一种何种性质的装置，故 选F。第28题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【
41、答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激；神经冲动；推动力。第29题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】drilling for o il表示 钻探石油;a lot of luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性。第30题【单选题】This cloth won/t shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、co
42、nvince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第31题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第32题【单选题】This is one of the most interesting
43、questions that asked.A、haveB hasC、have beenD has been【正确答案】C【答案解析】that指 代questions,所以从句谓语需要用复数形式。第33题【单选题】This is now changing.According to the OECD report,some 75%ofscholarly journals are now online.Entirely new business models areemerging;three main institutional subscribers pay for access to acol
44、lection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.There is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published.Finally,thereare open-access archives,where organizations such as universities orinternational laboratories
45、 support institutional repositories.Othermodels exist that are hybrids of these three,such as delayedopen-access,where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper forthe first six months,before making it freely available to everyone whowishes to see it.All this could change the traditional form
46、of thepeer-review process,at least for the publication of papers.With theopen-access publishing model,the author of a paper is requiredto.A、cover the cost of its publicationB、subscribe to the journal publishing itC、allow other online journals to use it freelyD、complete the peer-review before submiss
47、ion【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 事实细节题。本题考查考生对文中具体细节信息的理解能力。本段介绍了通过互联网出版期刊的一些具体操作方式，包括so-called big deal、open-accesspublishing、open-access archives和delayed open-access”。其中，在open-access publishing”方式中，作者被要求为所出版的文章支付费用。因此选项A 是正确答案。选项C 是网络出版前的情况；选项B、D 均与文章具体描述内容不符。第34题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of c
48、hallenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stan
49、leywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词 disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第35题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j,更好的,更可取的;更合意的。第3
50、6题【单选题】Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A、thatB、/C、whichD、it【正确答案】A【答案解析】先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that,而不用whicho第37题【单选题】I cant get my car on cold mornings,so I have to trythe radiator with some hot water.A、run;to fillB、running;fillingC、running;to fillD、ran;filling【正确答案】B【答案解析】get my car running意为