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1、【考研英语】2021年月贵州遵义医学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第 1 题阅读理解Text 2 Philip Hammonds decision,announced in Mondays budget,to introduce a digital services tax is a brave and welcome step into theunknown.It makes Britain the second country,after Spain,to attempt toharness the greed of the tech giants and use the
2、 moola for socialpurposes.There is no serious doubt that the giant American advertisingcompanies that own the social media,along with Apple and Amazon,whose business model is rather different,use some remarkably creativeaccounting to ensure they pay as little tax as possible in the countrieswhere th
3、ey operate.Facebook is the most notorious example in the UK,reporting a profit margin of less than 5 percent on revenues here,whenits global average profits are closer to 50 percentof revenue.Bytaxing revenue,rather than profits,Mr Hammond hopes to render thatkind of accounting pointless.Governments
4、 have historically competedagainst one another to host the big companies by offering them thelowest possible taxes on profits.In Europe Ireland and Luxembourg havebeen particularly creative in this regard.The proposed tax sidesteps that.Unlike profits,revenues are a measure that the big companies ha
5、veevery incentive to boost.Many of them made no profits for years whileworking to gain their monopoly positions.Tax avoidance isembedded in the values of large parts of Silicon Valley:most of what itcalls“disruption“is an attempt to escape tax as well as regulation and toextend the attitudes of the
6、gig economy to every kind of transaction.Themost recent and perhaps the most shameless example of this is Grabr,aSan Francisco company that puts buyers in high-tax countries in touchwith people prepared to convey gadgets to them from low-tax countries.Such schemes are a direct assault on one of the
7、core powers of a nationstate.If data is the new oil,as is often argued,then the personaldata that these companies exploits should be treated as the property ofcitizens which the state is entitled to tax for our collective benefit.Oil isstill taxed much more heavily than data will be under any forese
8、eableversion of the present proposals.In the long term,then,taxes on theexploitation and refinement of personal data will have to rise.Forthe moment the shape and details of the proposed tax are all unclear.MrHammond is up against one of the largest and best-funded lobby groupsin the world.Sir Nick
9、Clegg,at Facebook,will be busy all this year tryingto water down down this plan.He must not succeed.A licence to printmoney should not be a licence to avoid tax.A、services.B、earnings.C、transactions.D、measures【正确答案】BA、involves different accounting methods.B、falls in step with accounting practices.C、d
10、ismisses modest profits as irrelevant.D、helps companies control their monopoly.【正确答案】AA、conceited.B、tolerant.C、sympathetic.D、critical.【正确答案】DA、personal data protection must be secured at all costs.B、the state asserts its right to raise revenue for the public good.C、taxing oil cannot contribute to th
11、e adequate well-being.D、opinions about taxing tech are divided along political lines.【正确答案】BA、shameful and controversial.B、bold but pointless.C、fair and necessary.D、inevitable but rewarding.【正确答案】C第2题【单选题】The little boys face,his look of fear and desperation,his cries forhelpthe choice was made in o
12、ur intrinsic love for children.A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。B、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看和“听一听。第
13、3题【单选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第4题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted to killhis wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his oldhouse and in the dark,killed the nan
14、ny by mistake.His estranged wifeheard noises,came downstairs and was also attacked,but managed toescape.Seven months after the murder,a jury concluded that Lucan hadkilled the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB she was a friend of Luca
15、nsC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 因果关系题。对 照 本 段 Peoplesuspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan enteredhis old house and in the dark,killed t
16、he nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。第5题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was somethin
17、g quiteexceptional about this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to theUniversity of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was tohelp other African Americans through university.She had started hersavings habit as a young chil
18、d when she would return from school toclean and iron for money which she would then save.This womanshocked and inspired the world b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spen
19、t money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometow
20、n.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是C。第6题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身
21、带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如.重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第7题【单选题】The matter your study surely requires carefully.A、relating to;dealing withB、related to;dealt withC、related to;being dealt withD、relating to;having dealt with【正确答案】A【答案解析】relate to 意 为“与 有关;涉及 ，第一空既可以用relating to,也可以用
22、related to;deal with为固定短语,与 the matter之间是被动关系，因此，应 用 dealing with（主动形式表被动意义）或 to be dealt with。第8题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第9题【单选题】It was fire oclock in the afternoon they climbed up to the top ofthe mountain.A、sinceB、whenC、thatD、until【正确答案】
23、B【答案解析】此句为一主从复合句。when引导状语从句,若看作强调结构，应在fire前加at。第10题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of progress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.1.At the other end On the con
24、trary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD、definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的;Dz definitely,明确地。第11题【单选题】Secondary schoo
25、l had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadnt even
26、made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB tennis gameC marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第12题【单选题】The lawyer thought that piece of evidence was early in theinvestigation,but it turn
27、ed out to be vital in convicting the criminal.0A、unchangeableB、unsuitable团C、insignificantD、important【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：在调查初期律师认为这项证据不是很重要，但后来证明，这项证据在控告罪犯时起了至关重要作用。insignificant意为 不重要的；unsuitable意为“不合适的，不适当的；unchangeable意为 不可改变的，不变的”；important意为 重要的，重大的。第13题【单选题】The garden has four gates in different di
28、rections,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、noneB、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用any0第14题【单选题】Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are notreligious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,newsanchors,text messenger
29、s,all smiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazinesfeature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.Andsince these messages have an agendato lure us to open ourwalletsthey make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex,beforewe fo
30、und out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.In the authorsopinion,a d v e r t is in g.A、emerges in the wake of the anti团happy artB、is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC、replaces the church as a major source of informationD、creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness
31、 itself【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o观点态度题。本段第4句指出，商业 文 化（其代表就是广告）传达快乐信息的目的是诱使我们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信了。接着指出，我们忘记了，幸福不仅仅是没有痛苦的享乐，那些带来最大快乐的东西同时也最有可能带来巨大的损失和失望。由此可知,广告带给我们的快乐是一种不真实的感受。因此D正确。第15题【单选题】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions oflaw.The more developed a legal system becomes,t
32、he more society takesresponsibility for the discovery,control,and punishment of violent acts.In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence isrevenge.Each family group may have the responsibility for personallycarrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committe
33、dthe offense.But in legal systems,the responsibility for revenge becomesdepersonalized and diffused.The society assumes the responsibility forprotecting individuals from violence.In cases where they cannot beprotected,the society is responsible for imposing punishment.In a statecontrolled legal syst
34、em,individuals are removed from the cycle ofrevenge motivated by acts of violence,and the state assumesresponsibility for their protection.What does the author mean bysaying.in legal systems,the responsibility for revenge becomesdepersonalized and diffused7?A、Legal systems greatly reduce the possibi
35、lities of physical violence.B、Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personalbasis.C、Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.D、Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题时要注意题干中这句话开头的“but”一词,既然该句是由but引导的转折，则上文往往是理解该题的关键。在上面一句中
36、，作者提到在部落社会中，对犯罪者的审判和惩罚往往由家族进行，接下来话锋一转，说在法律系统中，这种报复的责任已经非个人化了、分散了，也就是说,不是由所涉及的个人来进行了，故D正确。第16题【单选题】On the other hand,on the moon there will be an attraction between thebutter and the moon;but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth asmuch as it does on the earth.This is because the moon is so much
37、smaller than the earth.The amount of gravitational pull that a bodyproduces depends on the amount of material in it.A packet of butter hasa gravitational pull of its own;but this is very small in relation to the pullof something as large as the moon,or the earth,or the sun.We do notfeel the gravitat
38、ional pull of a packet of butter becauseA、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earth/s gravitation.D it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题定位词是not feel.packet o
39、f butter,找到原文中 A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own;butthis is very small in relation to the pull of something as large asthe moon,or the earth,or the sun.所以答案是 B。C 项错在disappearo第17题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that hav
40、e lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his a
41、rea.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本
42、段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第18题【单选题】We have a agreement with her.A uniformB versionC verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第19题【单选题】The system has several advantages.Shepherds do not have to walkamong the sheep,which tends to disturb the mother sheep that areabout to give
43、 birth.Instead,they can stay inside,watching by remotecontrol.If there is no problem,they stay away from the sheep.But whenthey are needed they can quickly go out to help,or to scare away foxes.The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that theydo not have to spend all their time out
44、doors waiting for the lambs toarrive in freezing weather.From the passage,we learn that walkingamong the s h e e p.A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV insideB、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambsC、is the best way to protect the sheepD、usually disturbs the mother sheep
45、that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have towalk among the sheep,which tends to disturb the mothersheep that are about to give birth.可知 D 项正确。第20题【单选题】The supply of silver in the mine had,causing great concernamong the people of the town.回A、increasedB extendedC devaluedD、diminis
46、hed【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：矿里白银的供应量下降，这引起城里人的极大关心。diminish意为“下降,减少”;increase意为 增加，增强;extend意为“延展；devalue意为“（货币）贬值。第21题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo that Hastings was likely to wan
47、t是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第22题【单选题】The is expected to be passed in the next parliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrum ent仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第23题【单选题】We all have our own comfort foo
48、ds.Interestingly,they may varyaccording to moods and gender.One study found that happy peopleseem to want to eat things like pizza,while sad people prefer ice creamand c o o k ie s.R e s e a r c h e r s also found that guys seem toprefer hot,homemade comfort meals,like steaks and casseroles.Girls go
49、for chocolate and ice cream.A、Bored people crave salty,crunchy things,like chips.B、Emotional eating patterns can be learned.C、Dont let emotional eating disturb your weight.D、But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao空格前面的两句话都是讲不同的情绪者喜欢不同的食物，快乐的，悲伤的，而这句话所缺的也应该是情绪和食
50、物有关的，纵览各选项，很容易选出正确答案是A o第24题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性 格,品 质；disposition性情。第25题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各