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1、【考研英语】2021年6月吉林师范大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】The delta and narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent ofEgypts land but are home to 96 percent of her population.A、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。B、三角洲和通向南边的狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。C、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却
2、有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。D、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，但却是百分之九十六的人口的家园。【正确答案】C【答案解析】are home to.若译作 是 的家则不顺，所以把名词改为动词，译作 住在这里第2题【单选题】I insisted that you wrong.A、wereB、areC、wasD、being【正确答案】A【答案解析】如suggest,insist不表示 建议 或 坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意”暗示、表明“、“坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。而在宾语从句中，主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态，本题选were。第
3、3题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n,诱 惑;饵；诱惑物。第4题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】sh rin k收缩；畏缩；sm a lle r较小，更小的。第5题【单选题】Word came he was employed by that company.A、whichB、whyC、thatD、when【正确
4、答案】C【答案解析】这里是由that引导的同位语从句。第6题【单选题】We cant undertake that you will make a profit.A、requireB、promiseC promoteD、doubt【正确答案】B【答案解析】undertake承担，保证；promise允诺，许诺。第7题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生
5、，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing
6、 sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。“wolf是狼的意思，sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪 比较贴切。第8题【单选题】all the threats,many companies are sending IT professionalsto courses like those Cohen offers.A、GaveB、GivingC、GiveD、Given【正确答案】D【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 的 是 非 谓 语 动 词 的 用 法，manycompanies和 give之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词。第9题【单选题】The
7、value of childhood is easily blurred（变得模糊不清）in todaysworld.Consider some recent developments:The child-murderers in theJonesboro,Ark.schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced.Two boys,7 and 8,were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl inChicago.The two boys in Chicago wer e.A、shot
8、B、murderedC、accusedD、sentenced【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段最后一句提到两个小男孩因谋杀另一个小孩被起诉。charge的意思和accuse相同：控告，起诉。第10题【单选题】We talked of our plans to wed and start a family,once we were settled inLos Angeles,and we listened to the rain.A、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。B、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。C、我们
9、打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。D、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。to wed and start a family,once we were settled in Los Angeles是 p la n 的同位语，而句子的主干是两个并列的动词，Wetalked of our plans and we listened to the rain.汉语中与之相对的是“一面，一面第11题【单选题】There is a lot
10、of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油；a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为 偶然性。第12题【单选题】The relationship between employers and employees has been studiedA originallyB extremelyC violentlyD、intensively【正确答案】D【答
11、案解析】originally原始的/原版的/独创的。extremely极度的。violently暴力的。intensively深入的/细致的。第13题【单选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第14题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium a d j.中间的，中等的;半生熟的。第
12、 15 题 Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a textabout world/s first DNA computers.Choose the most suitable headingfrom the list A-F for each numbered paragraph(1-5).The first and lastparagraphs of the text are not numbered.There is one extra headingwhich you do not need to use.Ma
13、rk your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)AThe ability of DNA to store informationBExamples forthe future use of DNA computersCThe advantage of DNAcomputersDThe research of DNA computers is at the beginningstageEThe working principle of the microscopic computersFTheevaluation made by the research
14、ing team on DNA computerslsraeliscientists have built a DNA computer so tiny that a trillion of them couldfit in a test tube and perform a billion operations per second with 99.8percent accuracy.1)It is the first programmableautonomous computing machine in which the input,output,softwareand hardware
15、 are all made of biomolecules.Instead of using fires andformulas to solve a problem,the microscopic computers input,outputand software are made up of DNA moleculeswhich store and processencoded information in living organisms.2)Scientistssee such DNA computers as future competitors to their moreconv
16、entional cousins because miniaturization is reaching its limits andDNA has the potential to be much faster than conventional computers.“We have built a nanoscale computer made of biomolecules that is sosmall you cannot run them one at a time.When a trillion computers runtogether they are capable of
17、performing a billion operations,said EhudShapiro,Professor of the Weitzman Institute in Israel.3)Although too simple to have any immediateapplications it could form the basis of a DNA computer in the future thatcould potentially operate within human cells and act as a monitoringdevice to detect pote
18、ntially,disease-causing changes and synthesizedrugs to fix them.The model could also form the basis of computers thatcould be used to screen DNA libraries in parallel without sequencingeach molecule,which could speed up the acquisition of knowledgeabout DNA.4)DNA can hold more information in acubic
19、centimeter than a trillion CDs.The double helix molecule thatcontains human genes stores data on four chemical basesknown bythe letters A,1 0 and Ggiving it massive memory capability thatscientists are only just beginning to tap into,The living cell containsincredible molecular machines that manipul
20、ate information-encodingmolecules such as DNA and RNA in ways that are fundamentally verysimilar to computation/said Shapiro,the head of the research team thatdeveloped the DNA computer.Since we dont know how to effectivelymodify these machines or create new ones just yet,the trick is to findnatural
21、ly existing machines that,when combined,can be steered toactually compute,he added.5)Writing in the sciencejournal Nature,Shapiro and his team describe their DNA computer theautomaton which can answer certain yes or no questions.Data isrepresented by pairs of molecules on a strand of DNA and two nat
22、urallyoccurring enzymes act as the hardware to read,copy and manipulate thecode.When it is all mixed together in the test tube,the software andhardware operate on the input molecule to create the output.DNAcomputing is a very young branch of science that started less than adecade ago,when Leonard Ad
23、leman of the University of SouthernCalifornia pioneered the field by using DNA in a test tube to solve amathematical problem.Scientists around the globe are now trying tomarry computer technology and biology by using nature/s own design toprocess information.【正确答案】ECBAF【答案解析】1）【答案】E【解析】本段位于整篇文章第二段，在
24、第一段概括介绍之后，这一段具体说明此类计算机的工作原理，故 选Eo 2）【答案】C【解析】本段第一句话介绍说DNA计算机具有较传统计算机运行速度更快的优势，之后通过以色列教授的话具体肯定，故整段是围绕DNA计算机的优势展开，选Co 3）【答案】B【解析】本段主要是对D N A计算机在未来应用的展望，包括可以被植入人体细胞内，作为监控装置检测出潜在的致病变化，并合成药物“修理致病变化，还可以并行方式而非按顺序筛选DNA资料库，这样要可以加快人们对D N A知识的获取，故 选Bo 4）【答案】A【解析】本段第一句话说明每立方厘米D N A上可容纳的信息要比一万亿张光盘存储的容量还要多。由此可推断本
25、段主要在介绍DNA存储信息的巨大能力，故选A。5）【答案】F【解析】此段第一句话引用 自然科学杂志刊登的一篇文章，说明在沙皮罗和研究小组成员的眼中，DNA计算机是一种何种性质的装置，故 选F。第 16题【单选题】you really need is self-confidence.A、ThatB、WhatC AnythingD、Something which【正确答案】B【答案解析】题意为“你真正需要的是自信，空白处需要填入的引导词是whato第 17题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC
26、、reformD prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】d e ta ch 分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第 18题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第19题【单选题】Frankfurt,Germany,is one of the most populated regions ofWest Europe.A denselyB vastlyC、e
27、normouslyD、largely【正确答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly广泛的。enormously巨大的/庞大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第20题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character 性格，品质；disposition性情。第21题【单选题】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could notanswer her teachers questions.
28、A、amazedB、awkwardC curiousD、amused【正确答案】B 答案解析lamazed吃惊的。awkward狼狈的/局促的。curious好奇的。amused滑稽的。第22题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了
29、市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第23题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、ex
30、tremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第24题【单选题】No one can be sure in a million years.A what man will look likeB what will man look likeC、man will look like whatD、what look will man like【正确答案】A【答案解析】由语境含义和句子结构可知,w h at引导宾语从句而非特
31、殊疑问句，应用陈述语序而不用疑问式倒装语序。第25题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d结束，终止；终结。第26题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更好的，更可取的；更合意的。第27题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a t
32、raditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not helpa family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrializa
33、tion hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with ahigh birth rate.A代 er World War,Italys economy was rapidlymodernized and industria
34、lized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 对照本段In a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large famili
35、es are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第28题【单选题】“The independence created by philosophical insight isin myopinionthe mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialistand a real seeker after truth/Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was anaccomplished musician.The interplay between music a
36、nd math is wellknown.Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think througha knotty physics problem.Today,universities have produced millions ofphysicists.There arent many jobs in science for them,so they go to WallStreet and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to morepractic
37、aland rewardingefforts.What does the author tell us aboutphysicists today?A、They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.B、They are very good at solving practical problems.C、They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.D、They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefi
38、ts.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D o 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词physicists today定位到文中第3 段 第 2 句。该处说现在大学培训出来的数以百万计的物理学家们转向华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实用也更有回报的工作中，故 选Do文中只是说了爱因斯坦接受过多年的哲学学习，具有独立分析思考问题的能力，但并没说现在的物理学家缺乏分析技巧方面的训练，故排除A；文中说的是他们会把自己的分析技巧应用到更实用的工作中，故 排 除 B,他们非常善于解决实际问题。文中只是说了爱因斯坦那时候发表论文要容易一些,而现在大量的论文被忽视，排 除 C,他们非常重视发表学术论文。第
39、29题【单选题】John knocked at the door for nearly five minutes his wife openedit.A whenB beforeC、untilD、while【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查连词。句意为：他的妻子过了近五分钟才开门。before表示过了多久.才。第30题【单选题】He bought a house for his c h i l d r e n.A、lived inB、to live inC、livedD、to live【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题属于动词不定式复合结构做后置定语。in不可省略。句意：他买了一套房子给孩子们住。第3
40、1题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第32题【单选题】I dont want to bring up the t o p i c,w h y on earth did you get homethat late last night?A、butB、andC、orD、so【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查连词用法。前文说：我不想说这个话题,而下文又把这个话题提了出来，由此可以看出是转折关系。第33题【单选题】This statement
41、is not consistent what you said at yesterdaysmeeting.A、asB、withC、inD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】be consistent with:和 一致。be consistent in:在某方面前后一致。句意：这个说法与你昨天会上的发言不相符。答案选B。第34题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。C、我对戏剧就像托尼对于音乐一样，非常
42、欣赏。D、托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查句子暗示意思和比较的翻译。all playsare alike to m e的意思是所有的戏剧对我来说都是一样的，言外之意就是“我欣赏不懂戏剧”,同 样all music is alike to Tony的意思也应该是“托尼欣赏不懂音乐根据句子中的比较结构just as可以得出，他们两个在这方面是一样的，.可以翻译为 同 样 所 以 选D。第35题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽
43、车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bountil在否定句中表示的意思是“直到才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B 项。A 项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第36题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A temporaryB terminat
44、eC essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根 本 的;essential基本的;本质的。第37题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as
45、many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第38题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006/s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year t
46、han in the later months.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer super
47、iorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probablyme a ns.A、funB、crazeC、hysteri
48、aD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有soccer mad,意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第39题【单选题】Egypt,wrote th
49、e Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第40题【单选题】Lack of sleep can affect everything fro
50、m our emotions to how well wefocus on tasks like driving.It can affect sports performance,increase ourchances of getting sick,and may be linked to weight gain in some people.Youve probably noticed how much running around little kids do andhow soundly they sleep.Take a tip from a toddler and get at l