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1、备注:本套试卷附有答案解析，答案解析字体为白色，预览无法观看，如需观看试题的答案解析，请下载试卷CTRL+A选中全部文字，然后将答案字体调整为黑色即可。【自考英语】2022年 3 月上海市嘉定区英语(一)模拟题(解析版)第 1 题【单选题】【阅读理解】Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed thebrain waves of sleeping rats and mice.Specifically,they examined the electricalactivity emanating from the
2、 somatosensory neocortex(an area that processessensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning andmemory.The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regionsappear to be intertwined.So-called sleep spindles(bursts of activity from theneocortex)were follow
3、ed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampusknown as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regionsis a key step in memory consolidation.A second study,also published online thisweek by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,links age-associatedme
4、mory decline to high glucose levels.What is the result of the experiment withrats and mice carried out at Rutgers UniversityA、The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex.B、Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work togeth
5、er in memory consolidation.D Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory consolidation.【正确答案】c第 2 题【单选题】【阅读理解】Redemption（拯救）is a practical necessity.How can value berestored to young lives distorted（扭曲）by acts of violence?The boys inJonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutio
6、ns for a relatively short time.Despite horror at what was done,children cannot be-dealt with as adults,notif a people wants to consider itself civilized.Thats why politicians cries for adulttreatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.According to politicians,when children commit crimes
7、,they should be treated in the same way asA、murderers.B、criminals.C、victims.D、adults.【正确答案】D第 3 题【单选题】By the time the tour ends,the football team twenty matches in four countries.A、will playB、will be playingC、will have playedD、will have been playing【正确答案】c第4题【单选题】【填句补文】He has also included symbols t
8、o show which ions are nutrients,and which arecommon in soil or wa t e r.A、There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drewit up in 1871.B And the size of elements symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earths crust.C Railsback has still ordered the ele
9、ments according to the number of protons they have.D、Raisback has listed some elements more than once.【正确答案】B第5题【单选题】【填句补文】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current by measuringsubtle（2田微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object and.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop
10、 computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotesD converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point【正确答案】D第 6 题【单选题】【阅读理解】The researchers also ga
11、ve the students tests to tell whether thestudents believed that a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchersturned to the teachers To find out which teachers were anxious about math,theresearchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sa
12、les receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at thenumbers on a sales receipt,for example,was probably anxious about math.According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about mathwhen they f el t.A、nervous memorizing the numbers of a sales receiptB、helpless saving the numbers of a
13、 sales receiptC、uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receiptD、hopeless filling in the numbers of a sales report【正确答案】C第 7 题【单选题】【概括大意】Deaf people-people who cant hearare still able to communicate quite well,with aspecial language.Its called sign language.The speaker of sign language uses hand gestu
14、res in orderto communicate.Basic sign language has been used for a long,long time.But sign language wasntreally developed until about 250 years ago.In the middle of the 1700s,a Frenchman named Epeedeveloped sign language.Epee was able to speak and hear,but he worked during most of his life asa teach
15、er of deaf people in France.Epee developed a large number of vocabulary words for signlanguage.Epees system used mostly picture-image signs.We call them picture-image signsbecause the signs create a picture.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Actually Deaf People Can SpeakB Deaf People Can Communic
16、ateC、Something about Sign LanguageD、Sign Language is Invented by a Deaf People【正确答案】C第8题【单选题】The computer of this kind can work than the one of that kind.A、hundred of times fasterB a hundred time fasterC、hundred times fasterD、hundreds of times faster【正确答案】D第9题【单选题】【填句补文】Five-year-old Lani still take
17、s seven medicines with her breakfast every morning.Shesvery good about it,“says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David,in morethan one way;when she was one year old she received part of her fathers liver in alivertransplant operation.Lani was born with a liver i l l ne s s.
18、Doctors advised that atransplant was the only way in which she would live.A She had one operation when she was six weeks old,which was not successful.B、David quickly recovered from the operation.C、David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.D Doctors hope that she will continue
19、to get stronger and stronger.【正确答案】A第 10题【单选题】【阅读理解】We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-abilityteaching.On the contrary,both their knowledge and experience are enriched.Wefeel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils.It does not take intoaccount the fact that chil
20、dren develop at different rates.It can have a bad effect onboth the bright and the not-so-bright child.After all,it can be quite discouraging tobe at the bottom of the top grade!The authors attitude towards mixed-abilityteaching is.A、criticalB、questioningC、approvingD、objective【正确答案】C第 11题【单选题】【2007.
21、4 I had never expected you to turn_ at the meeting.I thought you were in Shanghai.A、aroundB、onC inD up【正确答案】D第 12题【单选题】【填句补文Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants,and are known for their rolein pollination（授粉）and for producing honey and b e e s w a x.T h e best-known bee speciesis
22、 the European honey bee,which,as its name suggests,produces honey,as do a few other types ofbee.A、There is only one queen in a hive.B、Every bee does a job without being told.C、There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees.D、Bees do not like ice and snow.【正确答案】C第 13题【单选题】【阅读理解】Parents and kids today
23、dress alike,listen to the same music,and arefriends.Is this a good thing?Sometimes,when Mr.Ballmer and his 16-year-olddaughter,Elizabeth,listen to rock music together and talk about interests bothenjoy,such as pop culture,he remembers his more distant relationship with hisparents when he was a teena
24、ger.I would never have said to my mom,Hey,thenew Weezer album is really great.How do you like it?says Ballmer.There wasjust a complete gap in taste.wMusic was not the only gulf.From clothing andhairstyles to activities and expectations,earlier generations of parents and childrenoften appeared to mov
25、e in separate orbits.The word gulf most probably meansA、interestB、distanceC hopeD、separation【正确答案】D第 14题【单选题】【阅读理解】The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether thestudents believed that a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchersturned to the teachers To find out which teac
26、hers were anxious about math,theresearchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at thenumbers on a sales receipt,for example,was probably anxious about math.According to the experiment,those teach
27、ers were probably anxious about mathwhen they f el t.A、nervous memorizing the numbers of a sales receiptB、helpless saving the numbers of a sales receiptC uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receiptD、hopeless filling in the numbers of a sales report【正确答案】C第 15题【单选题】【填句补文】Bees are flying insects clo
28、sely related to wasps and ants,and are known for their rolein pollination（授粉）and for producing honey and b e e s w a x.T h e best-known bee speciesis the European honey bee,which,as its name suggests,produces honey,as do a few other types ofbee.A、There is only one queen in a hive.B、Every bee does a
29、job without being told.C、There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees.D、Bees do not like ice and snow.【正确答案】C第 16题【单选题】【阅读理解】I have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the landcalled Parsons Place by the football ground.Few people know about this new planto increase the size of our to
30、wn.For me,Parsons Place is special because it is abeautiful natural area where local people can relax-the small wood has manyunusual trees and the stream is popular with fishermen and bird-watchers.It/s veryquiet because there are few houses or roads nearby.I think that losing this area willbe terri
31、ble because we have no other similar facilities in the neighbourhood.Why isParsons Place particularly important,in Alans opinionA、Because it is near the football ground.B Because lots of people live near it.C、Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature.D、Because local people ca
32、n get there easily by car from the town.【正确答案】C第 17题【单选题】Remember,nothing hurts concentration reading too slowly.A、rather thanB、as well asC、more thanD、instead of【正确答案】c第 18题【单选题】【概括大意】Speed Reading courses teach students how to read more quickly.In such courses,teachers often ask students to find ou
33、t how many words a minute he is reading.You can do this too:look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.Themain idea of this paragraph is.A、Check Your Reading SpeedB A Way to Increase Your Reading SpeedC、Check Your UnderstandingD、Read Something Every Day【
34、正确答案】A第 19题【单选题】If I in your place,I wouldnt trouble him.A、wereB、had beenC、could beD、was to be【正确答案】A第 20题【单选题】【阅读理解】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus.While the one protects the individual from violence,the other sacrifices theindividual to violence in the inter
35、ests of the state.In war the state affirms supremepower over the individuals within its own borders.War is not simply a trial bycombat to settle disputes between states;it is the moment when the state makesits most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment,allegiance,andsupreme sacrifice
36、.The word“allegiance is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正确答案】A第 21题【单选题】【阅读理解】I found in my babys behaviour a metaphor for the new generation.My wife and I had given him some books to examine,but he merely spit upon them.When we read to him,he did not feel comfortable.An
37、d so it is in the schools.Wefind that our students dont read,that they look down upon reading and scoldthose of us who teach it.All they want to do is watch TV.After this experience withthe baby,however,I have reached a conclusion:let them watch it.If television isthat much more attractive to childr
38、en than books,why should we fight it?Let themwatch it all they want!From the passage we know that the author isA、a doctor.B、an editor.C、a writer.D、a teacher.【正确答案】D第 22题【单选题】【填句补文】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current by measuringsubtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field
39、of an object and.A to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at
40、each point【正确答案】D第 23题【单选题】【阅读理解】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a workingcompass.A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（长柄勺）.Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface,the lodestone wouldmove round until the handle of the ladle pointed south whi
41、le the bulk（主体）ofthe ladle was attracted to magnetic north.This interestingly shaped device ismentioned in a book from about 80.Other ancient books may have dated it as farback as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an important role in theinvention of the ladle.They travelled great distances
42、to look for jade.In order notto lose directions,they would take a ladle with them.Which of the followingabout the ladle-shaped compass is true?A、The handle of the ladle pointed south.B、The handle of the ladle pointed north.C、The bulk of the ladle was attracted to south.D、The bulk of the ladle remain
43、ed unmoved on the board.【正确答案】A第 24题【单选题】【填句补文】The black robin（旅鸦）is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and itlives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were aboutfifty black robins there;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.A、These are the
44、 only black robins left in the world.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D、Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money has been made.【正确答案】A第 25题【单选题】2004.10 I have no doubt he will overcome all his diffi
45、culties.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、if【正确答案】c第26题【单选题】【填句补文】He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which arecommon in soil or wa t e r.A、There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drewit up in 1871.B、And the size of elements symbol reflect
46、s how much of it is found in the Earths crust.C、Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.D Raisback has listed some elements more than once.【正确答案】B第27题【单选题】【阅读判断】As a father,I believe that the death of a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic thant
47、he death of a child anywhere else,and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference inthese childrens lives.To Bill Gates mind,there is a big difference between the death of the poorschildren and the death of the richs children.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B第 28题【单选题】【概括大意 1 It is not diff
48、icult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media.Everyday we get hundreds of them.Think about advertisements,for example.We see and hear thesemessages almost everywhere we go.Advertisements are important messages,even though they aresometimes annoying.They help us compare and evalu
49、ate products.The main idea of this paragraphis.A、Importance of the Mass MediaB Media-Means to Communicate MessagesC、Advertisements as Important Messages from the Mass MediaD、Various Messages One May Receive Each Day【正确答案】c第 29题【单选题】【阅读理解】In this world of change and complexity,the need for informatio
50、n is ofgreatest importance.Those people who have accurate,reliable up-to-dateinformation to solve the day-to-day problems,the critical problems of theirbusiness,social and family life,will survive and succeed Knowledge is power maywell be the truest saying and access to information may be the most c