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1、备 注:本套试卷附有答案解析，答案解析字体为白色，预览无法观看，如需观看试题的答案解析，请下载试卷CTRL+A选中全部文字，然后将答案字体调整为黑色即可。【自考英语】2022年 3 月上海市松江区英语（一）模拟题（解析版）第1题【单选题】【阅读判断】When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting usingsemiconductor alloys,his colleagues thought he was unrealistic.Today,his discovery oflight-emitting di
2、odes,or LEDs,are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports.Q:Holonyaks colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A第2题【单选题】【填句补文】Once upon a time there was a rich village.The wealthiest of the villagers decided
3、 tohide a huge lump（堆）of gold to protect it from robbers.A、A poor old farmer decided to plow the field.B When you are always ready to share your own things with others,you are doomed to benefitfrom it.C、And I will receive the honor with the fourth by giving it to the needy.D So he buried it in a nea
4、rby rice field.【正确答案】D第3题【单选题】Its r a i n i n g.We have to stay at home instead of going fishing.A、badlyB hardlyC heavilyD、strongly【正确答案】c第4题【单选题】【填句补文】Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning.Shesvery good about it,says her father David.Lani is alive today bec
5、ause of her father David,in morethan one way;when she was one year old she received part of her fathers liver in alivertransplant operation.Lani was born with a liver i l l ne s s.Doctors advised that atransplant was the only way in which she would live.A、She had one operation when she was six weeks
6、 old,which was not successful.B David quickly recovered from the operation.C、David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.D、Doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.【正确答案】A第 5 题【单选题】【阅读理解】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation shoul
7、dbe the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allen said.We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除.的可能性）possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explainthese results.What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scient
8、ists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.B Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is a possible explanation.【正确答案】A第 6 题【单选题】2010.4 T
9、hey discovered that the house windows were broken was unoccupied.A、whoseB、whatC、whereD、which【正确答案】A第 7 题【单选题】2008.10 Police Chief Timothy told reporters that the police officers wounded in the rescueoperation were r a p i d l y.A、curingB、treatingC、healingD、recovering【正确答案】D第 8 题【单选题】阅读理解】As well,the
10、re are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia,many inhigh density（密度）residential areas.For example,Telstra,Optus and Vodaphonebuild their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard theneed of the community.The radiation emitted from these towers may have alreadyproduced some
11、 harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Manytransmitter towers were builtA on high mountains.B、in places suitable to the phone users.C、in areas which can take in radiation.D、in densely populated areas.【正确答案】D第 9 题【单选题】【填句补文】When do people decide whether or not they want to become frie
12、nds?During theirfirst four minutes together,according to a book by Dr.Leonard Zunin.In his book,Contact:The firstfour minutes,he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new f r i e n d s h i p s:.Alot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.A、That is not the time to com
13、plain about ones health or to mention faults one finds in otherpeople.B、Every time you meet someone in a social situation,give him your undivided attention for fourminutes.C、It is not the time to tell the whole truth about ones opinions and impressions.D、He is eager to make friends with everyone.【正确
14、答案】B第10题【单选题】【完成句子】Amongst the most popular books being written today are those which are usuallyclassified as science fiction.Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds ofpeople.Furthermore,some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on sciencefictio
15、n stories.People enj oy.A、a recurrent themeB reading books of science fictionC read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案】B第11题【单选题】【填句补文】Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year.More than half are give to farmanimals to prevent disease and promote g r owt
16、 h.AThe warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farmslurry.B、The drugs could be getting into our food and water.C Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged.D、But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmya
17、rddrugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.【正确答案】D第12题【单选题】is going to America for further study.A、He is said thatB、People said that heC、It was said heD、It is said that he【正确答案】D第13题【单选题】2007.10 Who was the first person today?A、spoke to youB、with you spokeC、you spoke
18、toD、spoke with you【正确答案】C第 14题【单选题】【填句补文】Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants,and are known fortheir rolein pollination(授粉)and for producing honey and b e e s w a x.T h e best-known bee speciesis the European honey bee,which,as its name suggests,produces honey,as do a few other
19、types ofbee.A、There is only one queen in a hive.B、Every bee does a job without being told.C There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees.D Bees do not like ice and snow.【正确答案】C第 15题【单选题】【阅读理解】Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed thebrain waves of sleeping rats and mice.S
20、pecifically,they examined the electricalactivity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex(an area that processessensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning andmemory.The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regionsappear to be intertwined.So-cal
21、led sleep spindles(bursts of activity from theneocortex)were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampusknown as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regionsis a key step in memory consolidation.A second study,also published online thisweek by the Pro
22、ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,links age-associatedmemory decline to high glucose levels.What is the result of the experiment withrats and mice carried out at Rutgers UniversityA、The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex.B、Oscillations in brain waves are fro
23、m hippocampus.C、Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.D、Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory consolidation.【正确答案】C第 16题【单选题】【阅读判断】The index of the countries uses data on incomes,health,unemployment,climate,political stability,job security ge
24、nder equality as well as what the magazine calls freedom,familyand community lifeJob security is the least important measure of life quality.A、TrueB FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c第 17题【单选题】【阅读理解】When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,few nations can match Germany.Since the 1940
25、s,the nations vast industrial basehas been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science.Andthough German prosperity（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decadebecause of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economicdecline,it still has an enviable record fo
26、r turning ideas into profit.The wordexpertise in line 3 could be best replaced byA、experts.B、scientists,scholars.D、special knowledge.【正确答案】D第 18题【单选题】【阅读理解】The withdrawal of Nevadas Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclearwaste repository has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spentnu
27、clear fuel and high-level nuclear waste.In an article in the July 10 issue of Science,University of Michigan geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton University nuclearphysicist Frank von Hippel argue that,although federal agencies should setstandards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear facil
28、ities,local communitiesand states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities.Theauthors propose the development of multiple sites that would service the regionswhere nuclear reactors are located.Which of the following words can bestsubstitute the word“withdrawal“in the first pa
29、ragraphA、Retirement.B、Canceling.C、Replaced.D、Disposal.【正确答案】B第 19题【单选题】2005.10 Im afraid nothing I can do about it.A、it isB this isC there isD that is【正确答案】C第 20题【单选题】【阅读理解】Two United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children aremost at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-
30、term decline in theearths protective ozone layer.The agencies,the World Health Organization(WHO)and the UN Environmental Programme(UNEP),issued the warning as theylaunched a global programme aimed at alerting schools to the dangers of exposureto the sun.Why does the risk of developing skin cancers i
31、n children become greaterand greaterA、Because they pay little attention to their skin health.B、Because they are short of physical training.C Because the earths protective ozone layer declines year after year.D、Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer.【正确答案】c第21题【单选题】【填句补文】As part of their stud
32、y,the researchers used a special machine to take action photos ofthe students br a i ns.This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when goodreaders read.This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have diffic
33、ulty reading in class?B、The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.C、As part of the study,37 struggling readers received special tutoring.D By the end of the school year,these children could read faster than before.【正确答案】B第22题【单选题】【填句补文】But Bali starlings a
34、re only found in a small area on the island of Bali in Indonesia.Theylive in the tall grasslands near the c o a s t.T o d a y there are only 14 left in the wild on a singlereserve.More than half of their habitat was converted into farmland,and forest plantation.Many ofthem were captured and sold as
35、pets.A、We should take measures to protect them.B、Bali starlings are very beautiful birds.C They grow fast because of a protein rich diet of insects.D、In 1984,there were only 150 birds left in the wild.【正确答案】D第 23题【单选题】2009.1 If he in landing a job,Tom will inform us immediately.A、succeedsB、succeeded
36、C、will succeedD、is succeeding【正确答案】A第 24题【单选题】【阅读理解】The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in Junebut already UK Sport,the British Governments sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be convinced that the random selection system wouldoffer the guarantees that everyone c
37、oncerned with ethical sport is looking for,saysJerry Bingham,UK Sports head of ethics（伦理）.The attitude of those concerned inthe UK to the new rules proposed by ISU can be best described as.A indifferent.B reserved.C、enthusiastic.D、positive.【正确答案】B第25题【单选题】【阅读判断】As a father,I believe that the death o
38、f a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic thanthe death of a child anywhere else,and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference inthese childrens lives.fb Bill Gates mind,there is a big difference between the death of the poorschildren and the death of the richs children.A、TrueB、
39、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B第26题【单选题】（填句补文】More and more Americans are living alone.Some live alone because of divorce or thedeath of a p a r t n e r.According to a recent U.S.census（人口普查）,25 percent of allhouseholds in the U.S.are made up of just one person.A、It seems that many grown-ups today are reali
40、zing that childhood dream.B、He says,/zl like being by myself/C、However,even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.D Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.【正确答案】C第27题【单选题】He was busily engaged writing letters.A、onB inC withD、by【正确答案】B第 28题【单选题】If you in taking this attitude,
41、well have to ask you to leave.A、insistB、resistC、persistD、exist【正确答案】c第 29题【单选题】【阅读理解】When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,few nations can match Germany.Since the 1940s,the nations vast industrial basehas been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from s
42、cience.Andthough German prosperity（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decadebecause of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economicdecline,it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit.The wordexpertise in line 3 could be best replaced byA、experts.B、scientists
43、.C、scholars.D special knowledge.【正确答案】D第 30题【单选题】【概括大意】On October 19,1911,Amundsen set out from his base in Bay of Whales,Antarctica,with four companions（同伴）,52 dogs and four sleds.His success in reaching the South Pole wasaided by careful planning.His use of sled dogs to carry supplies also helped.
44、Amundsen and his men,along with 11 surviving dogs,made it back to the base on January 25,1912,quicker than expected.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Came up with the idea of reaching the South PoleB、An important race on Amundsens way to his polar career in the early stageC、Armed to the teeth,Amu
45、ndsen finished his trip to the South PoleD Amundsen got a great achievement in the field of polar expedition 100 years ago【正确答案】c第 31题【单选题】【阅读理解】Besides,it is rather unreal to grade people just according to theirintellectual ability.This is only one aspect of their total personality.We areconcerned
46、to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full,not just theiracademic ability.We also value personal qualities and social skills,and we find thatmixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.The author arguesthat a teachers chief concern should be the development of the
47、 s t u d e n t s.A、personal qualities and social skillsB、total personalityC、learning ability and communicative skillsD、intellectual ability【正确答案】B第 32题【单选题】【阅读理解】In the digital realm,the next big advance will be voice recognition.Therudiments are already here but in primitive form.Ask a computer to“
48、recognizespeech/*and it is likely to think you want it to“wreck a nice beach.But in a decadeor so well be able to chat away and machines will soak it all in.Microchips will betruly embedded in our lives when we can talk to them.Not only to our computers,well also be able to chat with our automobile
49、navigation systems,telephoneconsoles,browsers,thermostats.VCRs,microwaves and any other devices we wantto boss around.The techniques of voice r e c o g n it io n.A are mature enough for extensive useB、are in its initial stage of developmentC、will aid people to chat through computersD、will assist peo
50、ple to recognize each others voice【正确答案】B第33题【单选题】【填句补文】Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year.More than half are give to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote g r o wt h.A、The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of t