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1、虚拟语气导学案（一）一、条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。1 .如果假设的情况可能发生，是,这种情况下 谓语用陈述语气。如：If time permits, we II go fishing together.翻译：o2 .如果假设情况是不存在或不大可能发生的，则是o 如：If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。二、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语
2、气，现将其主句与从句中谓语动词的形式列表如下：假设类型从句主句例句与现在事实 相反与过去事实 相反与将来事实 可能相反练习:1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I him.A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. know2、If Bob with us, he would have had a good time.A. would comeB. would have comeC. had comeD. came3、, I should ask them some questions.A. If they sho
3、uld come to usB. If they come to usC. If they were come to usD. If they had come to us4、 you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realizedB. If I had realizedC. Did I have realized thatD. As I realized三、虚拟语气的其他用法1、wish在宾语从句中的用法：动词 或与现在事实相反主语+ wish (that) +主语 + 动词 式与过去事实相反
4、助动词过去式+与将来事实相反I wish I were a pop singer.(二工 am sorry I am not a pop singer.)1 wish I had never stopped teaching, (=1 am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish they would let us get some sleep.注意：1. that在宾语从句中常常；2. 虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一律用“ ；3. wish & hope接宾语从句的区别：(1) hope表示一般(可以/不大可能)实现的希望，从句用陈述语气。(2) wis
5、h表示很难或(可以/不大可能)实现的希望，从句用虚拟语气。试填写:(1) We(hope/wish) they will come. (We dont know if they can come.)(2) We(hope/wish) they could come. (We know they are not coming.)练习：1.1 cant speak Japanese, but I do wish I.A. canB. couldC. hadD. speak2. What will you do during the summer holidays?”“I don!t know, b
6、ut its about time on something.A. Pm decidingB. Ill decideC. I decidedD. Id decided3.1 wish you interrupt interrupt: v.才丁断 when Im talking on the phone.D. did notD. wasA. will notB. would notC. do not4.1 wish I here last night.A. wereB. had beenC. would be5.1 wish Ito the moon one dayA. can flyB. fl
7、ewC. could flyD. had flown四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法1 .省掉if的条件从句结构：（1） Had you asked me, I would have told you.（写回带 if 的条件句）If I were you, I would apply for the job.（写出省略 if 的条件句）表格：从句结构省略结构If+主语+had+过去分词Had+主语+过去分词If+主语+were to+动词原形Were+主语+ to+动词原形If+主语+should+动词原形Should+主语+动词原形练习：1. today, would we be able to
8、get there by Tuesday?A. Were we leavingB. If we leave C. Would we leave D.Were we to leave2.I known it, I would have told you.A. HaveB. IfC. HadD. Having【课后练习】1. If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.A. beB. wasC. wereD. am1.1 dont think those people are really English. If they were,
9、they speak withFrench accents.A. dontB. will not C. mustntD. wouldn*t3. If they had known him, to him?A. would they have talkedB. would they talkC. had they talkedD. they would talk4. If I lived in the city, I travel in crowded buses, but I to seelots of films.A. shall have to/ shall be able B. shal
10、l have to/ am ableC. would have to/ were able D. would have to/ would be able5. T would have gone to the concert, if T time.A. had hadB. have had C. hadD. would have had1 .1 didn*t go to the football match, but I do wish I there.A. wentB. wasC. wereD. had been虚拟语气导学案（二）（06.08）【课前回顾】1. She wishes she
11、 to the cinema last night.A. wentB. would goC. had gone2 . The report urged that all the children to swim.A. are taught B. be taughtC. to be taught3 . I should not have laughed if I you were serious.A. thoughtB would thinkC. had thoughtD. were goingD. being taughtD have thought4 . My mom suggests th
12、at we eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would5 . Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there,she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. has lived D. were to live6 . I am not going to sit here and let her abuse me. I
13、 demand that she immediately for what she just said.A. apologize B. would apologize C. apologized D. must apologize【课堂新授】一、虚拟语气的特殊用法1、would rather在宾语从句中的用法:条件从句谓语动词现在或者将来的虚拟过去式(be动词用were)过去的虚拟had done (过去完成时)例句：工 would rather you hadnt said it.(与事实相反)(2)I would rather we had a rest now.(与事实相反)I woul
14、d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.(与事实相反)2、含蓄虚拟条件句：(1)含义：有些句子不含条件从句，而是通过介词或介词短语(but for, without) 上下文、连词(but, or, otherwise等)或其他方式表现出来，意思和条件句差不多。(2) Without electricity, the world(be) dark.如果没有电，世界将会一片黑暗。(3) But for your advice, I(make) such great progress.要是没有你的建议，我就不会取得如此大的进步了。(
15、4) I was busy that day. Otherwise I(go) there with you. 我那天很忙，否则我就和你一起去那儿了。【练一练】1. I through that bitter period without your generous help.A couldnt have goneB. didnt goC - wouldnt go D. hadn*t gone2. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they to our help.
16、A couldn*t have cameB. didnt come C. would come D. would have came3、混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句含义：r当虚拟条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整，称为混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句。E.g. If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.要是你听医生的话，你现在就已经好了。(前半句为,后半句为现在时) If I were you, I(send) him to hospital yesterday
17、.我要是你，我昨天就已经送他去医院了。4、虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用：(1)句型1：It be +形容词+ that + (should) +动词原形E.g. It is surprising that you (should) not understand me!你竟然不理解我，真是令人吃惊！(2)句型 2：1tbe+ n. + that + (should) + 动词原形E.g. It was a surprise that he (should) come so early,真奇怪他竟来得如此早。(3)句型3：It be +过去分词+ that + (should) +动词原形E. g.
18、 It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children.人们建议父母花更多的时间和孩子相处。【试一试】1. Its strange that tourists this place.A. should visited B. would visit C. had visited D. should not visit2. It is necessary that you every possible chance.A. should not seizeB. would seize C. had seiz
19、ed D. should seize3. It is proposed that they(leave) the following week.5、虚拟语气在表语从句中的运用：(1) suggestion, proposal, order, request, advice 等名词(表建议、命令要求) 后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词构成是“(should) +动词原形”。E.g. His suggestion is that we (should) go to Lhasa for sightseeing.他的建议是让我们去拉萨光。6、虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用虚拟语气可用于定语从句中。这
20、种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)句型中， 从句中谓语动词一般用过去式或“should+动词原形”的虚拟结构。注：should在It is (high) time (that)句型 (可以/不可以)省略。例：It 1s time that the public(raise) their awareness of using shared bikes reasonably.公众应该提高合理使用共享单车的意识。伤U ：Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he(do) something instead of just ta
21、lking.杰克是一个大空谈家，到他该做事情而不是空谈的时候了。7、虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用（1） as if/ as though引导的虚拟语气有时也用虚拟语气对事实的假设表语从句中的谓语动词与现在事实相反did / were （一般过去时）与过去事实相反had done （过去完成时）与将来事实相反would / might/ could +动词原形（过去将来时）E.g. It seems as if / though the meeting would never end.会义彳以乎永远不会名吉束。注：当as if表真实事实或者极大可能性,用陈述语气！（2） in case, for
22、fear that, in order that, so that 引导的目的状语从句中，谓语用 “should/ could/ would + 动词原形”。E.g. He took his raincoat with him in case/ for fear that they should be caught in the rain. 他随身带了雨衣，以免遭雨淋。8、if only 句型if only后跟虚拟语气表示“要是就好了:用（过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形）表示与现在事实相反；用“（过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形）表示与过去事实相反;用“（
23、过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形）表示与将来事实相反。E.g. If only I had a car, I could get out of this place.要是我有辆车，我就能离开这儿了。（与 事实相反）二、巩固练习1.1 didnt go to the football match, but I do wish I there.A. wentB. wasC. wereD. had been2. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we a good time together.A. hadB. will have
24、C. would have had D. had had3. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they the task inhalf the time.A.finishedB. had finished C. would finish D. would have finished4. It, s strange that he have taken the books without the owner? s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might5. If the new s
25、afety system to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put6.1 cant find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left7. Its high time that we morning exerc
26、ises.A. doB. doesC. should doD. doing8. The professor gave order that the test before 7:30.A. to finish B. would finish C. should finish D. should be finished9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken10. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it rain.A. is going to B. willC. was going to D. would11. Its requested that all the students school uniforms at school.A. woreB. will wear C. should wear D. had worn