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1、虚拟语气导学案（一）一、条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。1. 如果假设的情况可能发生，是_，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如：If time permits, well go fishing together. 翻译：_。2. 如果假设情况是不存在或不大可能发生的，则是_。如：If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor. 如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。二、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚
2、拟语气，现将其主句与从句中谓语动词的形式列表如下： 假设类型从句主句例句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反练习：1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I _ him.A. had known B. have known C. knew D. know2、If Bob_ with us, he would have had a good time.A. would come B. would have come C. had come D. came3、_, I should ask them some questions.A. I
3、f they should come to us B. If they come to us C. If they were come to us D. If they had come to us4、_ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realized B. If I had realized C. Did I have realized that D. As I realized三、虚拟语气的其他用法1、wish在宾语从句中的用法：动词_或_与现在事实相反主语 + wish (that
4、) + 主语 + 动词_式与过去事实相反助动词过去式+_与将来事实相反I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer.)I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish they would let us get some sleep.注意：1. that 在宾语从句中常常_；2. 虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一律用“_”；3. wish & hope接宾语从句的区别：（1） hope表示一般_(可以/
5、不大可能)实现的希望，从句用陈述语气。（2） wish表示很难或_(可以/不大可能)实现的希望,从句用虚拟语气。试填写：（1） We _(hope/wish) they will come. (We dont know if they can come.)（2） We_(hope/wish) they could come. (We know they are not coming.)练习：1. I cant speak Japanese, but I do wish I .A. can B. could C. had D. speak2. “What will you do during t
6、he summer holidays?”“I dont know, but its about time on something.”A. Im deciding B. Ill decide C. I decided D. Id decided3. I wish you interrupt interrupt: v. 打断 when Im talking on the phone.A. will not B. would not C. do not D. did not4. I wish I_here last night.A. were B. had been C. would beD. w
7、as5. I wish I _ to the moon one day. A. can fly B. flew C. could flyD. had flown四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法1. 省掉if的条件从句结构：(1) Had you asked me, I would have told you. （写回带if的条件句）= _(2) If I were you, I would apply for the job. （写出省略if的条件句）= _表格：从句结构省略结构If+主语+had+过去分词Had+主语+过去分词If+主语+were to+动词原形Were+主语+ to+动词原形If
8、+主语+should+动词原形Should+主语+动词原形练习：1. today, would we be able to get there by Tuesday?A. Were we leaving B. If we leave C. Would we leave D. Were we to leave2. _ I known it, I would have told you.A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having【课后练习】1. If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.A. be B. was C.
9、 were D. am2. I dont think those people are really English. If they were, they speak with French accents.A. dont B. will not C. mustnt D. wouldnt3. If they had known him, to him?A. would they have talked B. would they talk C. had they talked D. they would talk4. If I lived in the city, I travel in c
10、rowded buses, but I to see lots offilms.A. shall have to/ shall be able B. shall have to/ am ableC. would have to/ were able D. would have to/ would be able5. I would have gone to the concert, if I time.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had6. I didnt go to the football match, but I do wish
11、 I there.A. went B. was C. were D. had been虚拟语气导学案（二）（06.08）【课前回顾】1She wishes she _to the cinema last nightAwentBwould goChad goneDwere going2The report urged that all the children _ to swim.A. are taught B. be taught C. to be taught D. being taught3I should not have laughed if I_you were serious.At
12、hought B would think Chad thoughtDhave thought4. My mom suggests that we_eat out for a change this weekend.AshouldBmight CcouldDwould5Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.Alives Bwould live Chas lived Dwere to live6
13、. I am not going to sit here and let her abuse me. I demand that she immediately _ for what she just said.Aapologize Bwould apologize Capologized Dmust apologize【课堂新授】一、虚拟语气的特殊用法1、would rather在宾语从句中的用法：条件从句谓语动词现在或者将来的虚拟过去式（be动词用were）过去的虚拟had done （过去完成时）例句： I would rather you hadnt said it. （与_事实相反）
14、 I would rather we had a rest now. （与_事实相反） I would rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning. （与_事实相反）2、 含蓄虚拟条件句：（1） 含义：有些句子不含条件从句，而是通过介词或介词短语(but for，without)、上下文、连词(but，or, otherwise等)或其他方式表现出来，意思和条件句差不多。（2） Without electricity，the world _ _(be) dark. 如果没有电，世界将会一片黑暗。（3） But for your advi
15、ce, I _ _ _(make) such great progress. 要是没有你的建议，我就不会取得如此大的进步了。（4） I was busy that day. Otherwise I _ _ _(go) there with you.我那天很忙，否则我就和你一起去那儿了。【练一练】1I_through that bitter period without your generous help.Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt go Cwouldnt go Dhadnt gone2. They were abroad during the months when
16、we were carrying out the investigation, or they_to our help.Acouldnt have came Bdidnt come Cwould comeDwould have came3、 混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句含义：r当虚拟条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整,称为混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句。E.g. If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 要是你听医生的话，你现在就已经好了。（前半句为_，后半句
17、为现在时）If I were you, I _ _ _(send) him to hospital yesterday. 我要是你，我昨天就已经送他去医院了。4、 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用：（1） 句型1：It be + 形容词 + that + (should) + 动词原形E.g. It is surprising that you (should) not understand me! 你竟然不理解我，真是令人吃惊！（2） 句型2：It be+ n. + that + (should) + 动词原形 E.g. It was a surprise that he (should) com
18、e so early.真奇怪他竟来得如此早。（3） 句型3：It be + 过去分词 + that + (should) + 动词原形E. g. It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children. 人们建议父母花更多的时间和孩子相处。【试一试】1. Its strange that tourists _ this place.A. should visited B. would visitC. had visitedD. should not visit2. It is necessary tha
19、t you _ every possible chance.A. should not seize B. would seizeC. had seizedD. should seize3. It is proposed that they _ _(leave) the following week.5、 虚拟语气在表语从句中的运用：（1） suggestion，proposal，order，request，advice等名词（表建议、命令要求）后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词构成是“(should) + 动词原形”。 E.g. His suggestion is that we (sho
20、uld) go to Lhasa for sightseeing. 他的建议是让我们去拉萨光。6、 虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用虚拟语气可用于定语从句中。这种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)句型中,从句中谓语动词一般用过去式或“should + 动词原形”的虚拟结构。注：should在It is (high) time (that)句型 _(可以/不可以)省略。例：Its time that the public _(raise) their awareness of using shared bikes reasonably. 公众应该提高合理使用共享单车的意识。例：
21、Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _(do) something instead of just talking. 杰克是一个大空谈家，到他该做事情而不是空谈的时候了。7、 虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用（1） as if/ as though引导的虚拟语气有时也用虚拟语气对事实的假设表语从句中的谓语动词与现在事实相反did / were (一般过去时)与过去事实相反had done (过去完成时)与将来事实相反would / might/ could + 动词原形（过去将来时）E.g. It seems as if / though th
22、e meeting would never end. 会议似乎永远不会结束。注：当as if表真实事实或者极大可能性，用陈述语气！（2） in case，for fear that，in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语用“should/ could/ would + 动词原形”。E.g. He took his raincoat with him in case/ for fear that they should be caught in the rain. 他随身带了雨衣，以免遭雨淋。8、 if only句型if only后跟虚拟语气表示“要是.就好了”。用
23、_(过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形)表示与现在事实相反；用“_”(过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形)表示与过去事实相反；用“_”(过去式/ had+过去分词/ would+动词原形)表示与将来事实相反。E.g. If only I had a car，I could get out of this place. 要是我有辆车，我就能离开这儿了。（与_事实相反）二、 巩固练习1. I didnt go to the football match, but I do wish I there.A. went B. was C. were D. had been
24、2. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had3. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ the task in half the time. A.finished B. had finished C. would finish D. would have finished4. Itsstrangethathe_ havetake
25、nthebookswithouttheownerspermission.A. would B. should C. could D. might5. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put6. I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should lea
26、ve B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left7. Its high time that we_morning exercises.AdoBdoes Cshould doDdoing8. The professor gave order that the test _ before 7:30.Ato finishBwould finish Cshould finish Dshould be finished9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if i
27、t _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken10. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would11. It s requested that all the students_ school uniforms at school.A. wore B. will wear C. should wear D. had worn学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司