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1、UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _基础知识梳理_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _JICHU ZHISHI SHULI 构建知识体系课标单词背诵（先填后背）1.contradictory。力.相互矛盾的:对立的；不一致的2.subscribe况.认购（股份）;定期订购；定期交纳（会费）3.multiple H力.数量多的；多种多样的4.household n.一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人5.intervention n.介入；出面；干涉6.四辿a矽.未煮的；生
2、的；未经处理的；原始的7.pure。力.干净的:纯的；纯粹的8.substantial a力.大量的:价值巨大的；重大的9.statistic n.pl.统计数字；统计资料；统计学10.microscope n.显微镜11.thinking n.思想；思维；见解12.protein n.蛋白质13.ceH.细胞；小房间；单间牢房14.virus n.病毒15.finding n.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决16.initial。力.最初的:开始的；第一的17.framework n.框架；结构18.solid。力.可靠的:固体的；坚实的n.固体1 9.迎 加 投 射；向投以（视线、笑容等）；投
3、掷20.shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处21.rainbow n.彩虹22.pour”.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）23.concrete n.混 凝 土。的.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的24.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工25.break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发26.missile n.导弹27.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能28.outstanding。力.优秀的;杰出的；明显的29.abstract a力.抽 象 的:理 性 的.（文献等的）摘要30.concept n.概念；观念31.astronomer n.天文学家32.teles
4、cope n.望远镜33.briHiant a力.聪颖的:绝妙的；明亮的34.fault n.弱点；过错3 5.迎力.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 单 词 拼写.运用核心单词语境运用1.suspect 0上怀疑:疑有；不信 任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象2.blame加把归咎于；责怪；指 责n.责备；指责3.handle n.把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）4.link n.联系；纽 市”.把连接起来；相关联5.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量口.&位.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低6.shift n.改变；转换；轮 班vz.&”.转移；挪动；转向用所给词的适当形式
5、填空。1.It has been announced that two guys aresuspected(suspect)of involvement in thetheft.2.As a matter of fact,the driver was not toblarne(blame)for the accident whichhappened yesterday.3.Misunderstandings may lead to seriousproblems unless they are handled(handle)properly.4.These children have heal
6、th problemslinked(link)to a poor diet and a lack ofexercise.5.With the birth rate decreasing(decrease)rapidly,the country will face labor shortagein the future.6.We are planning to shift(shift)30 percentof our electricity supply from coal tonuclear power in 20 years.高 考 热 点熟 词 生 义 选出黑体字在句中的正确汉福忠思派生单
7、词语境运用L severe。靖.极为恶劣的;十分严重的；严厉的f severely 的.严重地；严厉地2.frustrate 使懊恼；使沮丧；挫败；阻挠f frustrated a力.懊恼的;沮丧的；失意的f frustration n.懊恼；沮丧；失意；挫败3.prove v.证明f proof.证据；证明；检验4.transform。力使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变f transformation几 转化，变化，改变5.defend”.保卫；防守；辩解f defencen.防御；保卫；防护；辩护f defensive。力.防御的；防御用的；防御性的6.assist 况.&帮助；援助f
8、assistantn,助理；助手f assistance n.协助；援助7.gift n.礼物；天赋f gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的8.infect。人使感染；传染f infection n.感染；传染f infected。力.（身体部位或伤口）受感染的；（食品、水等）受细菌污染的；（电脑）受病毒感染的用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Wei Fang has a real gift for vividdescription,which will make her auniquely gifted Chinese languageteacher,(gift)2.He has
9、proved himself capable ofhandling complex situations,andthese results are a further proof ofhis outstanding ability.(prove)3.To defend the borders,theancient Chinese took manydefensive measures and these wallswere built as a defence against theenemy，s attacks.(defend)4.Its frustrating to be trapped
10、inthe situation where you feelfrustrated at being unable to helpsomeone who is overcome withfrustration.(frustrate)5.China is transforming itseconomic growth model,which isone of the most astonishingeconomic transformations seen since1978.(transform)1.（2020江苏卷）They shifted their viewpoints frequentl
11、y.CA.转移 B.轮班 C.改变2.（2020全国卷 II）“The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-nativespecies.It）s destroying the environment.lt s them or us,“says Michael Massimi,anexpert in this field.AA.应付；处理 B.操纵；驾驶 C.搬动；触摸3.（2021 天津卷）1 see our lizard,raw and nearly new.BA.未煮的 B.娇嫩的 C.无经验的 短 语 理解 运用高频短语语境运用1.in g
12、eneral总的来说；通常2.attend to 照顾；处理；专心于3.thanks to 幸亏；由于4.break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发5.in charge of 主管；掌管6.once and for all 最终地；彻底地7.subscribe to 同意;赞同e down 患（病）；染上（小病）9.above a l l 最重要的是；尤其是选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1.All the scientists subscribe to the view that itis human activity that has caused the globalwa
13、rming.2.Although the city preserves a good look ingeneral,some of its heritage was destroyed inWorld War II.3.My son must have come down with a badcold,for he has got a sore throat.4.A fierce conflict broke out at the bordersbetween the two countries,resulting in sixdeaths and many injuries.5.With h
14、igh-speed trains,people will set upfactories and business centres in the west onceaad for all.6.Officials in charge of the investigation onlyprovided some facts of the case to journalists.句 式 辨识 运用重雎考点探究ZHONGNAN KAODIAN TANJIU 突 破 思 维 瓶 颈教材原句背诵句式结构仿写l.It seemed that.It seemed that the woman liked th
15、ewater from the pump so much that shehad it delivered to her house every day.这个男孩好像对机器人大赛非常感兴趣。It seemed that the boy was veryinterested in the robot competition.2.have sth.doneAccordingly,he had the handle of thepump removed so that it could not beused.我要去修一下我的电脑，因为它出故障了。I 1 1 have my computer repa
16、iredbecause it is out of order.3.sb./sth.be likely to do sth.The people who drank this water weremuch more likely to get cholera thanthose who drank pure or boiled water.年轻劳动力的大幅减少很可能会在中国发生。A great decline in young work force islikely to occur in China.1.suspect 课本义历，.&M.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 增补义。”可
17、疑的，不可信任的 高考原旬 2020新高考卷 I In Samarkand,Mr.Bissell admires the architecturalwonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods whensuspected of drug dealing.(l)suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是.suspect that.怀疑.(2)suspicious。力怀疑的；可疑的be suspicious of/about 对.，怀疑H
18、e was suspected of stealing the ring at the party last night,and the police werelooking into the matter.他涉嫌在昨晚的聚会上偷戒指，警方正在调查此事。.语块存储.a murder suspect谋杀犯罪嫌疑人suspect him of betraying state secrets 怀疑他泄露国家机密be suspicious of/about his behaviour 怀疑他的行为 基础练习 单句语法填空/单句改错Police have asked residents to keep
19、an eye out for anything suspicious(suspect).Charges had already been made against certain officials suspected(suspect)oftaking bribes.The girl was suspected having links with several illegal drug deals.suspected 后加 of 链接写作 一句多译我怀疑他是小偷，因为他无法解释他的钱的来源。I suspect him of stealing,as he can，t explain the s
20、ource of his money.(动名词)I suspect him to be a thief,as he cant explain the source of his money.(不定式)(3)1 suspect that he is a thief,as he can，t explain the source of his money.(宾语从句)2.blame。子.把.归咎于；责怪；指 责n.责备；指责blame sb.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事责备某人blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事be to blame(for.)应(为.)承担
21、责任;该(为.)受责备lay/put/place the blame on.把责任归咎于.Instead of blaming each other,we should communicate more and put ourselves inothers，place.我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互责怪。.语块存储.bear/take the blame for the mistake 为错误承担责任blame the accident on dangerous driving把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶blame me for not keeping my mouth shut 责怪我多嘴
22、基础练习 单句语法填空(l)Blamed(blame)for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice wasin low spirits.Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy,saying that he was notthe one to blame(blame).(3)But I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers accident.链接写作 一句多译许多人早上起不来，把责任推到闹钟
23、上。Many people blame their failure to get up in the morning on the alarm clock.Many people can，t get up in the morning and put/lay/place the blame on thealarm clock.Many people think the alarm clock is to blamn for their failure to get up in themorning.名师指津 be to blame中不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。3.lin k
24、n.联系；纽带一把连接起来;相关联 高考原旬 2019全国卷 II To link space technology with school education.link.to/with把连接/联系起来link up with(与.)连接，结合be linked to/with和连接；和有联系According to a recent survey,four million people die each year from diseaseslinked to smoking.根据最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。.语块存 诸.link the video camera to
25、 a computer才巴摄像机连接至U 电脑上be closely linked to your diet与你的饮食密切相关establish trade links with Europe 与欧洲建立贸易关系 基础练习 单句语法填空/单句改错The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones youvalue later.Some people still claim that there is no solid evidence linking(link)smokingwith lung cancer
26、.(3)A study found that deaths were linked to alcohol accounted for almost 4%ofthe world5 s deaths in 2019.去掉 wera 或 deaths 后 力 U that/which 链接写作 句式升级(普通表达)Boredom,which is often linked with loneliness,can be helpful indeveloping one，s mind.(高级表达)Boredom,often linked with loneliness,can be helpful in
27、 developingone5 s mind.(用非谓语动词改写)4.decrease n.减少;降低；减少量一&。(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低(l)decrease by.减少了.decrease to.减少到.(2)on the decrease 在减少关键能力评估GUANJIAN NENGLI PINGGU 强 化 运 用 技 能夯基固本一基础落实I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1.He subscribes(subscribe)to several sports channels every year as all his familymembers love watching s
28、ports programs.2.It is roughly estimated that about one in seven deaths in Russia are linked(link)to alcohol.3.Transformed(transform)from a farm-based society into an industrial power,China，s economy is expanding at an alarming rate.4.Suspecting(suspect)the traveler of carrying drugs,the Customs off
29、icial stoppedhim and went through his suitcase.5.The four decades since the opening up and reform have/has seen(see)thedramatic changes in China.II.改正下列句子中的错误。X.The mother didn，t know who blame for the broken glass as it happened whileshe was out.who 后 力 口 to2.The police only suspected the man for c
30、ommitting a crime,but there was nodefinite evidence.for-*of3.The birth rate decreased rapidly,the government has to take measures toencourage young people to have more children.decreasedf decreasing4.Martin knew clearly how it would cost to defend the rights of all blackpeople,howfwhat5.The WHO says
31、 diseases are linked to obesity kill at least two and half millionpeople each yea匚 去掉 are 或在 diseases 后 力 口 that/whichm.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1.It is said that whoever is infected with the virus can get treated free of charge.2.It was more than I could bear when she blamed all the faults on me.3.I certainly
32、don，t subscribe to the view that women are morally superior to men.4.Scientists now link certain types of cancer to/with the amount of junk food thatpeople eat.5.Two men,suspected of receiving stolen property,were taken to the policestation for questioning.查缺补漏知识拾遗I.用所给词的正确形式填空。1.The woman liked the
33、 water so much that she had it delivered(deliver)to herhouse every day.2.He read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable(knowledge),especially in thearea of frontier science research.3.The other was the big bang theory,which holds(hold)that the universe beganat a single point in time and space.4.Besid
34、es being(be)brilliant,he was brave,though sometimes careless in whathe said or did.5.Qian Xuesen,described(describe)as a man with great scientific thought andspirit,is well respected by the Chinese people.n.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1.For this job,experience is what mattersage is of secondary importance.2.Nevert
35、heless,Qian Xuesen didn，t let that discourage him from taking on thechallenge.3.Those kinds of vehicles are more likely to roll over than passenger cars.4.Qian Xuesen made the decision to switch his major to aviation when herealized China needed its own powerful air force.5.In the 1950s,large number
36、s of overseas Chinese scientists returned to China toparticipate in its reconstruction.强技提能语言应用I.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。Many people have been infected with COVID-19 since the pandemic1 .broke(break)out.China，s outstanding specialists in epidemiology in charge oftracing
37、 the source of the virus 2.initially(initial)suspected that wild bats were toblame.But the concrete 3.proof(prove)collected has made them finally subscribe tothe view that it is not directly linked to bats.Through observation with4.microscopes(inicroscoDe),scientists have obtained multiple reliable
38、statistics,enabling them to understand the structure of the virus.But 5.what frustrates them isthat they re still unable to find its origin,which casts a shadow on their research.Todefend against the deadly threat,some scientists are stepping up efforts 6.todevelop(develop)vaccines in the hope of so
39、lving the problem once and for all.Otherscientists have shifted their focus towards the approaches 7.to preventing its furtherspread.In China,effective measures have been taken to handle the crisis.For example,we avoid 8.going(go)out frequently and wear masks when having to go out.Furthermore,once s
40、omeone 9,comes(coine)down with the disease,he will soon beisolated.Thanks to these interventions,the threat of COVID-19 has seen lO.asubstantial decrease in China.n.文本写作Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)屠呦呦是一位杰出的女科学家，年轻时就对医学产生了兴趣。Tu Youyou is an outstanding female scientist.She became interested in medici
41、newhen very young.她天资聪慧，1951年考入北京大学。She was so gifted that she was admitted to Peking University in 1951.毕业后，她把精力转向传统中医的研究。After graduation,she switched her energy to the study of traditional Chinesemedicine.经过多次失败后，她成功地发现了青蒿素。Following multiple failures,she succeeded in discovering artemisinin.青蒿素是
42、一种抗疟疾的新药物，疟疾曾导致大量的人死亡。Artemisinin is a new drug defending against malaria,which has caused a largenumber of deaths.由于她的发现，很多生命被拯救，所以，她获得了 2015年的诺贝尔医学奖。Thanks to her findings many lives were saved,so she was awarded the 2015Nobel Prize for Medicine.这也彻底地证明了中国女性也能为人类做出非凡的贡献。This proves once and for al
43、l that Chinese women can also make brilliantcontributions to humans.Step 2.衔接成文（利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇）Tu Youyou is an outstanding female scientist,who became interested in medicinewhen very young.She was so gifted that she was admitted to Peking University in1951.After graduation,she switched her energy t
44、o the study of traditional Chinesemedicine.Following multiple failures,she succeeded in discovering artemisinin,anew drug defending against malaria,which had caused a large number of deaths.Thanks to her findings many lives were saved,so she was awaided the 2015 NobelPrize for Medicine,which proves
45、once and for all that Chinese women can also makebrilliant contributions to humans.盛莪？UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES基础知识梳理JICHU ZHISHI SHULI 构 建 知 识 体 系课标单词背诵（先填后背）X.complex。力.复杂的;难懂的；（语法）复合的2.recall”及应.记起:回想起3.adaptation n.适应；改编本4.cite”,引用;引述5.presentation n,报告；陈述；出示；拿出6.zone n.（有别于周围的）地区；地带；区域7.overwhel
46、ming。力.无法抗拒的;巨大的；压倒性的8.motivate”成为.的动机；激发；激励9.applicant n.申请人10.firm H.公司；商行；事务所。力.结实的；牢固的；坚定的11.insight小 洞察力；眼光12.departure n.离开；启程；出发13.setting 环境；背景；（小说等的）情节背景14.dramatic 力.巨大的;突然的；急剧的；喜居U（般）的15.expense n.费用；花费；开销16.behave”.表现沅.&”.表现得体；有礼貌17.surrounding时.周围的；附近的18.mature 力.成熟的19.depress”使沮丧;使忧愁20
47、.stuenglhen况.&,力口强;增强；巩固21.optimistic adj.乐观的22.perspectives,（思考问题的）角度；观点petence n.能力；胜任；本领24.angle n.角；角度；立场25.belt n.腰带；地带26.initiative n.倡议；新方案27.sincerely ado.真诚地;诚实地28.budget n.预算29.logical 力.合乎逻辑的:合情合理的30.outcome n.结果；效果 单 词 拼 写.运 用 核心单词语境运用1.engage况.参加:参与（活动）”.吸引（注意力、兴趣）2.involve 0f.包 含:需 要；涉
48、及；影响；（使）参加3.gain .获 得;赢 得；取得；增 加n.好处；增加4.grasp .理解;领会；抓紧5.deny”.否认;否定；拒绝用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Women who fail to get enough shut-eye eachnight risk gaining(gain)weight,a research says.2.All who participated have gained a positiveoutcome from getting involved(involve).3.There，s no denying(deny)that artificial
49、intelligence is rapidly changing our way of life.4.No wonder only 13%of employeesworldwide feel engaged(engage)in theiroccupation.5.For most people,the idea of relativity isdifficult to grasp(grasp).派生单词语境运用1.qualify曲.&况.（使）具备资格;（使）合格qualification.（通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历f qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的2.ambiti
50、on n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；用所给词的适当形式填空。1.China has made ambitious spaceprograms and one of its ambitions is tobuild its own space station in a fewyears.(ambition)高 考 热 点.熟 词 生 义&史必缸红中的正确汉班意思抱负f ambitious a力.有野心的;有雄心的fort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安 逸V t.安慰；抚慰f comfortable 力.舒 月 艮 的；自在的f comfortably ado.舒服地;自在地4.par