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1、2023新高考新教材版英语高考第二轮复习专 题 九 推 理 判 断五年高考A组新高考卷题组Passage 1（2022 新高考 I,B）Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nicegreen salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with adinner invitation.I stuck the chi
2、cken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,Ihad unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,food waste goes against the moral grain,“asElizabeth Royte writes in this months
3、 cover story.Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrownaway-from ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishesthrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That ma
4、kes foodwaste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,U 4if food waste were a country,it would be the thirdlargest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtinsees my arugula story all th
5、e time-but for him,its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing theirlast days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it intohealthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collectingblemished（有瑕疵的）
6、produce that otherwise would have rotted（腐烂）in fields.And thestrawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just dont think.Everyone can play a part in reducingwaste,whether by not purchasing more food than necess
7、ary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurantsto not include the side dish you wont eat,“Curtin says.1 .What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?第1页 共4 3页A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
8、D.We have good reasons for wasting food.2.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.0.Worldwide starvation.3.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local
9、farmers grow fruits.D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.4.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.冬口空l.B 2.B 3.D 4.APassage 2（2022 新高考 I I ,D）As we age,even if were healthy,the heart just isnt
10、as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.Inmost people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.And among people who dont exercise,thechanges can start even sooner.“Think of a rubber band.In the beginning,it is flexible,but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will becomedry and
11、 easily broken,“says Dr.Ben Levine,a heart specialist at the University of Texas.Thats what happensto the heart.Fortunately for those in midlife,Levine is finding that even if you havent been an enthusiasticexerciser,getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.第2页 共4 3页Levine and his rese
12、arch team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but wereotherwise healthy.Participants were randomly divided into two groups.The first group participated in aprogram of nonaerobic（无氧）exercise-balance training and weight training-three times a week.Thesecond group did h
13、igh-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years,the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,says Levine.“Andthe reason they got so much
14、 stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump（泵送）a lot more blood during exercise?9 But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didntchange,he says.“The sweet spot in life to start exercising,if you havent already,is in late middle age when the
15、 heart still hasflexibility,Levine says.We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program,andnothing happened to them atDr.Nieca Goldberg,a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association,says Levines findings are a greatstart.But the study was small and needs to be repeated wi
16、th far larger groups of people to determine exactlywhich aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.l.What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?A.The right way of exercising.B.The causes of a heart attack.C.The difficulty of keeping fit.D.The aging process of the
17、 heart.2.In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?A.Diet plan.B.Professional background.C.Exercise type.0.Previous physical condition.3.What does Levine*s research find?A.Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.B.High-intensity exercise is more suitable
18、for the young.第3页 共4 3页C.It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.D.The more exercise we do,the stronger our hearts get.4.What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest?A.Making use of the findings.B.Interviewing the study participants.C.Conducting further research.D.Clarifying the purpose of t
19、he study.冬u木空l.D 2.C 3.A 4.CPassage 3（2021 新高考 I,B）By day,Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist MariaRaspopova-not as a musician but as her page turner.Im not a trained musician,but Ive learnt to read musicso I can help Maria in her perfbrmance.”Mr Tit
20、terton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the groups official page turner for the past fouryears.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesnt have to breakthe flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those pl
21、aying instruments onstage.“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you dont turn two pages at once and make sureyou find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spotJMr Titterton explained.Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of musi
22、c can go for 40 minutes and require up to50 page turns,including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstage communication is key,and each pianisthas their own style of“nodding“to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.But like all performances,there are moments wh
23、en things go wrong.t4I was turning the page to get ready forthe next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,Mr Titterton said.“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,althou
24、gh Ms Raspopova has onceasked her husband to help her out on stage.“My husband is the worst page turner,“she laughed.uHes interested in the music,feeling every note,and 1have to say:Turn,turn!Robert is the best page turner Ive had in my entire第4页 共4 3页l.What should Titterton be able to do to be a pa
25、ge turner?A.Read music.B.PIay the piano.C.Sing songs.D.Fix the instruments.2.Which of the following best describes Tittertons job on stage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.3.What does Titterton need to practise?A.Counting the pages.B.Recognizing the“nodding”.C.Catching falling objects.D.
26、Per for mi ng in his own style.4.Why is Ms Raspopovas husband the worst page turner”？A.He has very poor eyesight.B.He ignores the audience.C.He has no interest in music.D.He forgets to do his job.冬口空l.A 2.C 3.B 4.DPassage 4（2020 新高考 I,B）Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical colle
27、ge student to pursue her goal of earninga nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claireand became the first in her large family to earn a bachelors degree.Mauer,of Edgar,Wisconsin,grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked a
28、t a job away fromthe farm,and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high schooL Jennifer attended a local technicalcollege,working to pay her tuition（学费）,because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation,she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for thei
29、r schooling.第5页 共4 3页Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance hercareer and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves:nursing.She chose theUW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfiel
30、d because she was able to pursue herfour-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree:Her husband worked twojobs to cover the bills,and her 68-year-old mother helpe
31、d take care of the children at times.Through it all,she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal,giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.Some nightsmy heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids a
32、nd studying for exams or papers,she says.However,her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is afirst-generation graduate and an inspiration to her familyand thats pretty powerful.1 .What did Jennifer do after high school?A.She helped her dad with
33、his work.B.She ran the family farm on her own.C.She supported herself through college.D.She taught her sisters and brothers at home.2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield?A.To take care of her kids easily.B.To learn from the best nurses.C.To save money
34、 for her parents.D.To find a well-paid job there.3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A.Her health.B.Her time with family.C.Her reputation.D.Her chance of promotion.4.What can we learn from Jennifers story?A.Time is money.第6页 共4 3页B.Love breaks down barriers.C.Hard work pays off.D.Educa
35、tion is the key to success.分口宓木l.C 2.A 3.B 4.CPassage 5（2020 新高考 I ,c）In the mid-1990s,Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months,physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later,still attracted to the country,he returned toUzbekistan to write an a
36、rticle about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit,however,ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book,Chasing the Sea/Lost Amongthe Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia,which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan,wheremillions of lives have been destroyed by the slow
37、 drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travellingto a strange land,and of the people he meets on his way:Rustam,his translator,a lovely 24-year-old whopicked up his colorful English in California,Oleg and Natasha,his hosts in Tashkent,and a string of foreignaid workers.This is a quick
38、look at life in Uzbekistan,made of friendliness and warmth,but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand,Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste ofpolice methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana,he attends a mountain funeral（葬礼）followedby
39、 a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan,he is saddened by the dust storms,diseases and fishingboats stuck miles from the sea.Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-roundedpicture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.Misjudgment and
40、references are decidedly American,as wellas his delicate stomach.As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece ofreportage.Whatever it is,the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.l.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekis
41、tan?A.His friends1 invitation.B.His interest in the country.C.His love for teaching.第7页 共4 3页D.His desire to regain health.2.What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Developing a serious mental disease.B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
42、D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.3.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissells road trip in Uzbekistan?A.Romantic.B.EventfuLC.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.4.What is the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a book.B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.C.To remember a writer.D.To recommend a travel d
43、estination.答案l.B 2.D 3.B 4,AB 组课标全国卷、省（区、市）卷题组Passage 1（2022 全国乙,B）In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.一Dorothy Woodruff andRosamond Underwood-traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They wo
44、re expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead,Colo.toinstruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is thesubject of Nothing Daunted.The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by DorothyWickenden,who is a magazine editor and
45、 Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why did they go then?Well,they wanted to do something useful.Soon,however,they realized what they hadundertaken.They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and,like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanketof snow on their quilt when they woke up in the mo
46、rning.Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would第8页 共4 3页arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring,the snow was replaced by mudover ice.In Wickenden*s book,she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism,which of courseinfluenced the girls*decision to
47、go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads,which entailed（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends withRosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the peopl
48、e move her tosome beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff,on her horse,looking down from a hilltop:When the sun slipped behind the mountains,it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,and varying hares,which
49、turned white inthe winter.l.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A.To teach in a school.B.To study American history.C.To write a book.D.To do sightseeing.2.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A.They enjoyed much respect.B.They had a room with a bathtub.C.They lived w
50、ith the local kids.D.They suffered severe hardships.3.Which part of Wickenden writing is hair-raising?A.The extreme climate of Auburn.B.The living conditions in Elkhead.C.The railroad building in the Rockies.D.The natural beauty of the West.4.What is the text?A.A news report.B.A book review.第9页 共4 3