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1、2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编（带详细解析过程）（名师精讲解题方法与技巧+实战训练，建议下载练习）【考点分析】阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。近几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新颖，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力、根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，考查学生关注细节的能力占很大部分。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息
2、，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1.抓住四个W和一个H,就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What（事件），When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关
3、系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3.注意领会文章的寓意。4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：直 接 解 题 法。即从原文中直接找出答案。归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题 干 中 有suggest,c
4、onclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,according to”等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。捕 捉 关 键 词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。排 除 法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究
5、其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。真题实战训练专项训练七 节假日活动时间：810分钟/篇 分值：2 分/小题Passage 1（2018 福州）In Britain,Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th,which is the following dayafter Christmas Day.However,strictly speaking,Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas.LJke Christmas Day,Boxi
6、ng Day is a public holiday.This means it*s a non-working day in thewhole of Britain.When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday,the following Monday is thepublic holiday.The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear.One of the thoughts is that during the MiddleAges,when great sailing ships were se
7、tting off to discover new land,a Christmas Box was placedby a priest（神父）on each ship.Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would dropmoney into the box.It was snoled_up and kept on board until the ship came home safely.Then thebox was handed over to the priest in the exchange for the sayi
8、ng of a Mass of thanks for the successof the sailing.The priest wouldnt open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.One more thought is about the“Alms Box“placed in every church on Christmas Day.Worshippers（做礼拜的人）put gifts for the poor into it.These boxes were always opened the dayaf
9、ter Christmas,that is why that day became known as Boxing Day.Today,many businesses,organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of BoxingDay alive by donating（捐赠）their time,services and money to aid Food Banks,providing gifts forthe poor,or helping families in need.Besides,spending
10、 time with family and shopping arepopular Boxing Day activities now.（）1.If Christmas Day is on a Saturday,Boxing Day will be celebrated on.A.December 25,h B.December 26IhC.December 27th D.December 28th()2.Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to.A.save the poor B.pay for the priestC.
11、discover new land D.pray for sailing safety()3.What does the underlined phrase sealed up mean?A.密封 B.悬挂 C.归还 D.传递()4.The following activities can show the traditional spirit of Boxing Day EXCEPTA.offering gifts to the poorB.supporting families in needC.spending time with familyD.giving money to aid
12、Food Banks()5.The purpose of the passage is.A.to praise the kindness of priestsB.to introduce the origins of Boxing DayC.to call on people to help the poorD.to compare Boxing Day with Christmas DayPassage 2(2018 泰州)Interesting festivals in the worldThrowing tomatoes Spain(西班牙)Spain takes tomatoes fi
13、ghts“to a whole new level.But the tomatoes arebeing thrown,not eaten.The festival takes place during the last Wednesdayin August.Trucks(卡车)carry tomatoes into the square.People rush to thetomatoes and throw them into the crowd.Rolling cheese EnglandThis festival is celebrated on the last Monday in M
14、ay.It takes place onCoopefs Hill.A large wheel of cheese(奶酪)is rolled down Coopers Hill.The festival is actually a race where people run down the hill after therolling cheese.The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of thehill wins the cheese.Burning man The United StatesThe Burning M
15、an Festival lasts a week,it is from the Monday before LaborDay to Labor Day(which falls on the first Monday in September inAmerica).The festival takes place in the Black Rock Desert.The best partof the festival is the burning of a large sculpture of a man.Pouring water-ThailandThe Songkran Festival
16、is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand.Rather than a single day,Thailand celebrates the New Year from April 13thto April 15th.Thai people run after each other,pouring water.Songkran isone of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to the beautifulland.)1.How many festivals are menti
17、oned in the passage?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.()2.Where will you probably go to enjoy one of the festivals above in May?A.Spain.B.England.C.The United States.D.Thailand.()3.Which festival is held in Black Rock Desert?A.Throwing tomatoes.B.Rolling cheese.C.Burning man.D.Pouring water.()4.Which of th
18、e following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.B.Not all the festivals above fall on the single day.C.Burning a large real man is the best part of the festival.D.Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.()5.The passage is most probably
19、 taken f r om.A.a tour guide B.a science reportC.a story book D.a fashion magazinePassage 3(2018 山西)Emma has just finished travelling alone in Europe.Are you interested in her journey?Let*sread some of her travel diaries.()1.Emma was looking forward to this travel b e c a u s e.A.she had never taken
20、 a train ride beforeB.she could do anything she liked on the journeyC.she hoped to keep herself away from the busy life()2.From the passage,we can know Salzburg is a great place for.A.enjoying classical musicB.buying childrens booksC.visiting history museums()3.In Amsterdam,she.A.climbed the beautif
21、ul mountainsB.travelled along the river in a boatC.wrote some postcards in her hotel()4.She didnt need to worry about her safety in Copenhagen becauseA.there was very little crime thereB.the city was full of friendly peopleC.she thought she was careful enough()5.We can know that from the passage.A.E
22、mma has little interest in artB.Emma is a brave but careless girlC.Emmas travels were enjoyable and specialPassage 4(2018 孝感)Dear mum and dad，Fm writing this letter to you from the center of Australia.At the moment we*re staying nearUluru-that*s the aboriginal(土著)name for Ayers Rock.On the first day
23、,we took a balloon tourover the rock,and I was suiprised at how big it was:3.6 kilometers long and 384 meters high.Thecolors of the rock are fantastic,and at different times of the day,they change from purple to red.The Aborigines are the first people of Australia,and the ancient aboriginal stories
24、describe thespirits that created the world.Uluru is a center of Aboriginal culture.The Australians have many British relatives.Thafs why theyre like us in many ways.Theirfamily life is similar to ours,and they enjoy the same food and hobbies.The food and drink thatmost Australians like are grapes,la
25、mb,ham and especially wine that they make in the south of thecountry.They love all sports,but football is the most popular.Most Australians live near the coast,so they also love going to the beach,swimming and surfing.Although it*s December,its summer over here.The sunshine is very bright,and near t
26、he coastthe countryside is very green.There are lots of sheep in the fields and on the hills,but theoutback(澳洲内陆)is more like a desert,full of rocks and sand.The next day after we arnved at Uluru,we went on a camel(骆驼)ride.The camel that I rodehad a bad temper.When I sat on its back,it became very a
27、ngry and refused me.So everyone elsethought it was very funny that my camel kept lying down.Finally,later this evening,were taking the plane back to Sydney and coming home,its been afantastic trip!Tony()1.Which is NOT true according to Paragraph One?A.Uluru is the name for Ayers Rock.B.The height of
28、 Uluru is 384 meters.C.The rock of Uluru doesn*t change colors.D.Uluru is the center of Aboriginal culture.()2.Tony may be a(n)A.British B.Australian C.American D.Chinese)3.is the most popular sport in Australia.B.()4.The underlined word temper“means inChinese.A.脾气 B.记忆 C.命令 D.信心()5.What is the best
29、 title of this passage?A.A Balloon TourB.An Aboriginal LetterC.A Fantastic TripD.A Summer EveningPassage 5(2018 4匕京)The Blog of RosieThe WeekendBy RosieJune 6,2018Hi!Fm on vacation here in London.and ifsfantastic!On Saturday I was in the BritishMuseum for three hours.On Sunday I visitedTower Bridge.
30、Where were you over theweekend?Tell me your news!DISCUSSION0Sophia-9：30Glad youre having a great vacation.I was inthe Summer Palace in Beijing on Saturday.1was therefor a flower show.It was amazing!And there were lots of people.But on Sunday itwas rainy and I wasnt ve)y well.I stayed in bedfor a who
31、le day.ReplyShare%Steve-10：10It was cloudy the whole weekend in Paris.OnSaturday I was at a football game with myclassmates.It was exciting!On Sunday I was atthe shops with Ann far four hours.ReplyShareJack-11：00I wasnt at home over the weekend.On SaturdayI was in Scotland far a trip.It was a lovely
32、,warm day and 1 had a picnic with friends.It wasgreat!Sunday was boring.It took me five hoursto get back home.It was a long journey.ReplyShareKate 11：20On Saturday I was at Heathrow Airport.I met afriend there and we talked together for twohours.I was very happy.On Sunday I was inSydney for a concer
33、t.It is winter in Australia,and it was windy and cold!ReplyShare()1.On Saturday Sophia was.A.in the Summer Palace B.in the British MuseumC.at Tower Bridge D.at Heathrow Airport()2.What was the weather like when Steve was in Paris?A.Rainy.B.Warm.C.Cloudy.D.Cold.()3.How long did it take Jack to get ba
34、ck home?A.Two hours.B.Three hours.C.Four hours.D.Five hours.()4.Kate was in Sydney for.A.a picnic B.a concertC.a football game D.a flower showPassage 6(2018新疆建设兵团)The summer vacation is a time to enjoy a change from the school year.Its a good chance towork on different activities that you dont have
35、much time to do during the rest of the year.We asked about 2，000 people what they would do during the summer vacation.Most of thesurvey-takers agreed that the summer vacation was a break from homework and they could relax.Alexis said,“At school,Im really tired,so during the summer vacation I can rea
36、d books anddo many outdoor activities.”Amy is in high school.After school,she sometimes works in a cafe.She told us,Its achance to relax after a hard school year-sleep more,and see my friends more.We also asked them if they would be too busy or kind of bored.About half(52%)of thesurvey-takers said t
37、hey would be busy during the summer vacation but still have time to relax.Andthat is exactly how it should be.But not everyone said their summer vacation would be the right balance(平衡)between beingbusy and relaxing.Many thought that they would be too bored.How bored or busy people feel during the su
38、mmer vacation depends on how old they are.Survey-takers in their early teens were more likely(可能的)to be bored.Among them,40%saidthey would be bored and only 10%thought they would be too busy.()1.What does the underlined word survey takers“in Paragraph 2 mean?A.进 行 调 查 的 人 B.接受调查的人C.写调查报告的人 D.看调查报告的人
39、()2.What does Amy want to do during the summer vacation?A.To do a part-time job.B.To do some outdoor activities.C.To help her parents do housework.D.To sleep more and visit friends more.()3.The underlined word that in Paragraph 5 refers to.A.feeling boredB.being very busyC.spending all the time enjo
40、ying oneselfD.having time to relax though being busy()4.How bored or busy people feel during the summer vacation depends on.A.their age B.their parentsC.where they live D.what they are()5.According to the passage,those who took part in the survey are most probablyA.scientists B.doctors C.students D.
41、teachers参考答案Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了节礼日的起源以及人们在这一天所做的事情。1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.BPassage 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文 主要介绍了几个国家有趣的节日：西班牙的西红柿节、英国的奶酪节、美国的火人节、泰国的泼水节。1.D2.B3.C4.B5.APassage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文，以日记的形式记录了艾玛独自一人的欧洲之旅，包括时间、所到之地及所到之地的特色等。L B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：艾玛期待这次旅行，因为。由第一篇日记中“lam goingto Europe to see some citie
42、s I really want to visit.It is great because I can choose what I want todo in each city?（可知选 B2.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文中我们知道Salzburg是一个的好地方。由第二篇日记中“Mozart,the famous musician,was from here.There are many classical concerts here.“可知本地之所以是一个放松的好地方是因为和音乐相关，可以享受古典音乐带来的宁静，故选A o3.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在阿姆斯特丹，她。由第三篇日
43、记中“lais。took a boatride along the river.可知选 B4.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在哥本哈根，她不用担心自己的安全，因为。由第四篇日记中“Luckily I am in Copenhagen,Denmark,and I am told that it is one of the safestplaces in the world.There is very little crime（犯罪）here.”可知选 A。5.C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以从这篇文章得知。结合四篇日记中的内容我们可知艾玛的欧洲之旅是愉快的并且很特别，故选C。其他两项文
44、中没有提及。Passaged【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。托尼通过给父母写信，介绍了他在澳洲旅行期间的所见所闻及所想。I.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据第一段，哪项是不正确的？由第一段第二句中“Uluruthats the aboriginal（土著）name for Ayers Rock.”可知 A 正确；由第一段第三句中”.and I was surprised at how big it was:3.6 kilometers long and 384 meters high.”可知 B 正确；由第一段第四句The colors of the rock are fantastic,a
45、nd at different times of the day,theychange from purple to red.可知 C 错误；由第一段最后一句Uluru is a center of Aboriginalculture.”可知D 正确。故选Co2.A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：托尼可能是一个。由第二段第一、二句The Australianshave many British relatives.That*s why theyYe like us in many ways.”可推知：他是英国人、故选 Ao3.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在澳大利亚是最受欢迎的运动。由第二段倒
46、数第二句“They love all sports,but football is the most popular.”可知：最受欢迎的运动是足球，故选 B。4.A【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“temper”的 汉 语 意 思 是 由 下 句 话“When Isat on its back,it became very angry and refused me.”可推知：这只骆驼的脾气很坏，故选 A。5.C【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？纵观全文可知：作者都是围绕澳洲之旅展开的话题，所见景象让人感到高兴，且文章最后一句提及“a fantastictrip”。故
47、选 CoPassages【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。表格中介绍了 Rosie在微博发表了一个自己在伦敦度周末的信息，以及索菲亚、史蒂夫、杰克和凯特的回复，分别介绍了他们的周末。1.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在周六，索菲亚是。根据题干中的关键信息Sophia和 On Saturday 可以定位到第二个表格第二句 即“I was in the Summer Palace in Beijing onSaturday.故选 A。2.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：史蒂夫在巴黎的时候，天气怎样？根据题干中的关键信息Steve和 in Paris可以定位到第三个表格第一句，即“It was clo
48、udy the whole weekend inParis.”由 止 匕 可 矢 口 选 Co3.D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：回到家花了杰克多长时间？根据题干中的关键信息Jack和 get back home可以定位到第四个表格倒数第二句，即“It took me five hours to get backhome.”故选 D。4.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为:凯特在悉尼为了。根据题干中的关键信息Kate和in Sydney可以定位到最后一个表格中倒数第二句，即“On Sunday I was in Sydney for a concert.故选Bo Passage 6【主旨大意】本文
49、是一篇说明文。介绍了不同调查对象对暑假有着不同的感受和看法。1.B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段划线单词“survey-takers”是什么意思？由上文“Weasked about 2、000 people what they would do during the summer vacation”可知是做 了调查，给出答案的人自然是被调查者，即接受调查的人，故选B。2.D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在暑假期间艾米想要做什么？由第四段的“She told us,Its a chance to relax after a hard school year-sleep more,and s
50、ee my friends more.可知选 Do3.D【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第五段的划线单词“that”指的是。根据第五段第二句“About half(52%)of the survey-takers said they would be busy.but still have time to relax.“可知选 D。4.A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在暑假感到多无聊或者忙碌取决于。由第七段第一句“How bored or busy people feel during the summer vacation depends on how old they are.“可知I这取决