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1、高考新题型高考新题型短文改错短文改错2015-04-2015-04-1414解解 题题 步步 骤骤3 3解解 题题 策策 略略4 4考考 纲纲 解解 读读1 1命命 题题 特特 点点2 2短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件新新课课标标全全国国卷卷考考试试大大纲纲说说明明明明确确指指出出：语语言言的的准准确确性性是是写写作作中中不不可可忽忽视视的的一一个个重重要要方方面面，因因为为它它直直接接或或间间接接地地影影响响到到信信息息的的准准确确传传输输。应应用用语语法法结结构构和和词词汇汇的的准准确确程程度度是是写写作作部部分分评评分分标标准准的的一一项项重重要要内内容容。高高
2、考考短短文文改改错错主主要要考考查查考考生生在在语语篇篇中中综综合合运运用用英英语语知知识识的的准准确确性性，考考查查考考生生的的词词、句句、篇篇和和语语法法的的综综合合水水平平。高高考考短短文文改改错错题题设设置置的的考考点点灵灵活活多多变变，知知识识层层次次多多，覆覆盖盖面面广广，包包括括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等。等。考考 纲纲 解解 读读短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件2011-20142011-2014改改错考点分配错考点分配年年年份年份名名名名/冠词冠词形形形容词形容词 副词副词代代代词代词主主主谓一致主谓一致介介介介
3、 词词连连连连 词词动动动词词动词词组组时时时态时态非非非谓语非谓语2 22 20140142 24 41 10 01 11 10 01 10 02 22 20110111 14 41 10 02 20 00 01 11 12 22 20120122 23 31 10 01 11 10 01 11 12 22 20130132 23 31 11 10 01 10 01 11 1短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件命命 题题 特特 点点短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件一、选材特点。短文改错的文体多为第一人称记叙文；也有少数文章为议论文。短文改错的语言材
4、料通常取材于考生自己的作品或类似于考生的随笔，且话题常见，篇章结构的难易程度符合中学生的认知水平。短文改错试题的难度近年来继续保持平稳，以考查学生书面表达中的常见错误为主，知识覆盖面广。短文改错的句子长度也趋于平稳，但几乎每篇都有一个长达20多个词的句子。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件二、设置特点。试试题题的的设设置置特特点点主主要要是是指指考考点点的的分分布布状状况况。短短文文改改错错所所考考查查的的词词类类覆覆盖盖面面广广，分分布布合合理理。其其重重点点是是从从句句法法、词词法法和和行行文文逻逻辑辑等等三三个个角角度度考考查查考考生生在在语语篇篇中中综综合合运运用
5、用英英语语的的能能力力，同同时时兼兼顾顾句句型型结结构构、习习惯惯搭搭配配等。有等。有错词、多词、缺词错词、多词、缺词等三种可能。等三种可能。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件1.1.Soon I began to enjoy talk to Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself.myself.2.Im sure you will find one you like it.2.Im sure you will find one you like it.3.I like playing piano.3.I like playing pia
6、no.thethe错词错词 talkingtalking 改错形式改错形式多词多词缺词缺词短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、冠词、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形(指应该用动词、名词还是形容词形式，以及平行结构中词的正确形式)。缺词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to、连词、语义不完整现象等方面。多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件短短文文改改错错的的目目的的是是测测试试考考生生发发
7、现现、判判断断、纠纠正正一一些些词词法法、句句法法以以及及语语篇篇中中的的行行文文逻逻辑辑等等方方面面错错误误的的能能力力。它它既既能能考考查查考考生生的的词词汇汇和和语语法法方方面面的的能能力力，也也能能考考查查考考生生的的阅阅读读理理解解能能力力。其其考考查查的角度可以概括为以下三个方面：的角度可以概括为以下三个方面：短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件探究一词法型探究一词法型词词法法的的测测试试包包括括：定定冠冠词词和和不不定定冠冠词词的的用用法法；名名词词的的单单复复数数和和名名词词所所有有格格；动动词词的的时时态态、语语态态、语语气气、情情态态动动词词和和非非谓谓
8、语语动动词词等等；人人称称代代词词的的格格、物物主主代代词词、指指示示代代词词、连连接接代代词词、不不定定代代词词等等的的用用法法；介介词词的的搭搭配配；并并列列连连词词、从从属属连连词词的的用用法法；形形容容词词、副副词词的的区区别别以以及及比比较较级级和和最最高高级级的的用用法法；固定搭配和习惯用法固定搭配和习惯用法。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例1 1】(2013(2013 陕陕西西卷卷)O One ne Sunday Sunday morning morning we we go go fishing fishing at at a a lake.lak
9、e.W We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.e took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.【例例2 2】(2013(2013 四四川川卷卷)Today Today we we had had a a chemistry chemistry test.test.I I found found the test difficulty,but I tried hardly to do it.the test difficulty,but I tried hardly to do i
10、t.【例例3 3】(2013(2013 新新课课标标全全国国卷卷)H He e was was talltall，with with broad broad shoulder shoulder and and a a beard beard that that turned turned from from black black toward toward gray gray over over the the years.years.wentwentourourd di iff ffic icultulthardhardshouldersshoulders(i(in n)toto短文改错专
11、题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件探究二句法型探究二句法型句句法法的的测测试试包包括括：主主谓谓语语在在人人称称和和数数上上的的一一致致；并并列列句句，复复合合句句；特特殊殊句句式式；句句子子结结构构的的连连贯贯性性、完完整整性性、对等性对等性及及逻辑性逻辑性。【例例4 4】(2013(2013 陕陕西西卷卷)Finally,Finally,there there were were a a sudden sudden pull pull at at the the pole and.pole and.【例例5 5】(2013(2013 全全国国卷卷)he he even even
12、 scared scared my my classmates classmates away away during they came over to play or do homework with me.during they came over to play or do homework with me.【例例6 6】(2014(2014 全国全国)They are three lessons in the morning)They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.and two in the af
13、ternoon.waswaswhenwhenT Therehere短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件探究三语篇型探究三语篇型语语篇篇的的测测试试包包括括：上上下下文文中中的的时时态态是是否否一一致致；上上下下文文中中的的代代词词是是否否一一致致；上上下下文文中中的的逻逻辑辑是是否否一一致致；上上下下文文中中的的词词、词词组、从句的替代是否正确。组、从句的替代是否正确。【例例7 7】(2013(2013 大大纲纲全全国国卷卷)M My y father father is is hardworkinghardworking，but but goes to work in t
14、he field every day.goes to work in the field every day.【例例8 8】(2013(2013 新新课课标标全全国国卷卷)H However,owever,he he was was the the gentlest gentlest man I have never known.man I have never known.【例例9 9】(2014(2014 浙浙江江卷卷)I I was was taking taking a a train train to to L Londons ondons V Victoria ictoria St
15、ation.Station.I I had had noticed noticed that that the the carriage carriage was was noisnoisy y and and filled filled with people.with people.andandevereverlimericklimerick短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件解解 题题 步步 骤骤短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件解解
16、题题 策策 略略短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件短文改错题应注重以下技巧：短文改错题应注重以下技巧：一、谨记答题原则一、谨记答题原则(1)(1)“四四不不改改”原原则则：单单词词拼拼写写不不改改。大大小小写写不不改改。词词序序错错误误不不改改(应应从从错错词词或或少少词词方方面面考考虑虑)。标标点点符符号不改。号不改。(2)(2)“五五改改动动”原原则则：忠忠实实于于原原文文原原则则(不不可可改改变变原原文文的的原原意意)。错错误误以以改改动动最最少少为为原原则则。虚虚词词以以添添加加或或者者删删除除为为原原则则。实实词词以以改改变变形形式式为为原原则则。客客观观性性和
17、和唯唯一性原则一性原则(正确内容不能多种表达去替换正确内容不能多种表达去替换)。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件二、规律常见错误二、规律常见错误常见错误：常见错误：(1)(1)“不一致性不一致性”错误，主要包括：错误，主要包括：主谓不一致；主谓不一致；时态不一致；时态不一致；语态不一致；语态不一致；单复数不一致；单复数不一致；代词指代不一致；代词指代不一致；搭配不一致等。搭配不一致等。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例1 1】(2013(2013 陕陕西西卷卷)W Within ithin the the nenex xt t few few
18、 minute,minute,my my grandfather also caught a fish.grandfather also caught a fish.【例例2 2】(2013(2013 四四川川卷卷)I I didndidn t t cheat.cheat.I I was was just just helping helping a a friend.friend.W Why does she punish mehy does she punish me?【例例3 3】(2013(2013 辽辽宁宁卷卷)I I was was eager eager to to see se
19、e him,him,but but outside outside her her room I stopped.room I stopped.mmi inutesnutesd di id dh hi is s短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件常见错误：常见错误：(2)(2)“行文逻辑行文逻辑”错误错误这种错误主要是运用这种错误主要是运用行文逻辑行文逻辑，考查连接手段。，考查连接手段。谨记谨记:两种句式两种句式：并列句：并列句(并列连词并列连词)，复合句，复合句(从属连词从属连词)；六六种种关关系系：转转折折关关系系，选选择择关关系系，层层递递关关系系，并并列列关系，因果
20、关系，同位关系。关系，因果关系，同位关系。一一种种变变化化：语语义义的的曲曲折折变变化化。如如：肯肯定定与与否否定定，方方位与时空的转移等。位与时空的转移等。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例 4 4】(2013(2013 陕陕 西西 卷卷)I I wanted wanted to to give give up,up,and and my my grandfather told me to wait a little longer.grandfather told me to wait a little longer.解解析析：此此句句是是行行文文逻逻辑辑错错误误
21、。根根据据句句意意可可知知，前前后后分分句句之之间是转折关系，故间是转折关系，故andand改为改为butbut。【例例5 5】(2013(2013 四四川川卷卷)W We e were were warned warned not not to to cheat cheat again again,so so she would need to see our parents.she would need to see our parents.解解析析：此此句句是是行行文文逻逻辑辑错错误误。根根据据句句意意“她她警警告告我我们们不不要要再再作弊，否则她要告知我们的父母作弊，否则她要告知我们的
22、父母”可知，此处应把可知，此处应把soso改为改为oror。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件常见错误：常见错误：(3)(3)“平行结构平行结构”错误错误 平平行行结结构构是是指指两两个个或或更更多多的的词词、词词组组或或从从句句具具有有相相似似或或相相等等的的句句法法功功能能。在在表表达达相相互互平平行行的的概概念念时时，要要使使用用相相同同的的语语法法结结构构，即即动动词词与与动动词词相相配配，形形容容词词与与形形容容词词相相配配，分分词词与与分分词词相相配配，不不定定式式与与不不定定式式相相配，短语与短语相配。配，短语与短语相配。平平行行结结构构经经常常借借助助于于
23、并并列列连连词词andand，butbut，oror或或连连词词词词 组组 not not only.but only.but also.also.，not.but.not.but.，either.or.either.or.，neither.nor.neither.nor.，as well asas well as等。等。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例6 6】(2012(2012 全全国国)For For e ex xample,ample,how how many many times times have have you you walked walked
24、 out out of of a a room room and and leave leave the the lights lights or or television television when when no no one else was thereone else was there?解解析析：此此句句是是谓谓语语不不平平行行错错误误。根根据据句句法法，leaveleave在在时时态态上上应和应和walkedwalked保持一致，故保持一致，故leaveleave改为改为leftleft。【例例7 7】D Do o some some nice nice things thi
25、ngs for for your your parents.parents.like like cooking,cooking,doing the dishing,or clean the floors.doing the dishing,or clean the floors.解解析析：此此句句是是宾宾语语不不平平行行错错误误。根根据据句句法法，cleanclean和和cooking,doingcooking,doing一样作介词一样作介词likelike的宾语，故的宾语，故cleanclean改为改为cleaningcleaning。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件
26、常见错误：常见错误：(4)(4)“词性、词形词性、词形”错误错误主主要要包包括括名名词词的的单单复复数数变变化化、代代词词的的词词形形变变化化以以及及形形容容词词和和副副词词的的词词形形变变化化。弄弄清清词词性性与与词词性性之之间间的的相相互互修修饰饰关关系系。比比如如：形形容容词词修修饰饰名名词词，副副词词修修饰饰形形容词、动词、分词等。容词、动词、分词等。【例例8 8】(2013(2013 陕陕西西卷卷)A After fter waiting waiting for for about about half half an hour,I was beginning to get impa
27、tiently.an hour,I was beginning to get impatiently.解解析析：此此句句是是词词性性错错误误。getget是是系系动动词词，后后跟跟形形容容词作表语，故词作表语，故impatientlyimpatiently改为改为impatientimpatient。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例9 9】(2013(2013 全全国国卷卷)H He e had had a a deep deep voicevoice，which which set set himself apart from others in our sma
28、ll town.himself apart from others in our small town.解解析析：此此句句是是词词形形错错误误。根根据据句句意意“他他深深沉沉的的声声音音把把他他和和别别人区别开来人区别开来”可知，可知，himselfhimself应改为应改为himhim。【例例1010】(2013(2013 新新课课标标全全国国卷卷)In In factfact，he he even even scared scared my my classmates classmates away away during during they they came came over o
29、ver to to play play or or do do homework homework with with me.me.解解析析：此此句句是是词词性性错错误误。duringduring是是介介词词，不不能能接接从从句句，故故该该duringduring为为whenwhen。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件常见错误：常见错误：(5)(5)“动词的变化动词的变化”错误错误主主要要包包括括时时态态的的词词形形变变化化、被被动动语语态态的的词词形形变变化化、非谓语动词的词形变化以及第三人称单数等。非谓语动词的词形变化以及第三人称单数等。【例例1111】(2013(2
30、013 四四川川卷卷)M Mary,ary,my my best best friend,friend,asking asking me to let her to copy my answers.me to let her to copy my answers.解解析析：此此句句是是谓谓语语动动词词错错误误。由由句句式式结结构构可可知知，本本句句需需要要谓谓语语动动词词，结结合合上上下下文文语语境境可可知知askingasking应应改改为为askedasked。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例1212】(2013(2013 陕陕西西卷卷)Felt Felt h
31、ungry,hungry,we we built built a a fire fire by by the the lake and barbecued the fish.lake and barbecued the fish.解解析析：此此句句是是非非谓谓语语动动词词错错误误。feelfeel是是感感官官动动词词，无无被被动动语态，此处用非谓语动词形式作状语，语态，此处用非谓语动词形式作状语，FeltFelt改为改为FeelingFeeling。【例例1313】(2013(2013 四四川川卷卷)A After fter think think for for some some time
32、,time,I I let let her her copy my answers.copy my answers.解解析析：此此句句是是非非谓谓语语动动词词错错误误。介介词词afterafter后后应应跟跟动动名名词词，故故thinkthink改为改为thinkingthinking。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件常常见见错错误误：(6)(6)“特特殊殊疑疑问问词词”“”“连连词词”和和“引引导导词词”错错误误，特特别别是是whichwhich和和thatthat引引导导定定语语从从句句、抽抽象象名名词词后后面面常常常常跟跟thatthat引引导导的的同同位语从句等
33、。位语从句等。【例例1414】(2013(2013 全全国国卷卷)This This is is how how I I need need to to improve improve in in the the future.future.解解析析：此此句句是是引引导导词词错错误误。根根据据句句意意“这这是是我我将将来来所所需需要要提高的地方提高的地方”可知，可知，howhow应改为应改为whatwhat或或where.where.【例例1515】(2013(2013 辽宁卷辽宁卷)That is which other teachers say.)That is which other t
34、eachers say.解解析析：此此句句是是引引导导词词错错误误。表表示示其其他他老老师师的的说说话话内内容容要要用用whatwhat，whatwhat引导表语从句并作引导表语从句并作saysay的宾语。的宾语。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件 常见错误：常见错误：(7 7)“多词多词”错误错误 多词错误一般有如下几种类型：多词错误一般有如下几种类型：1)1)受受母母语语思思维维影影响响，出出现现汉汉语语式式结结构构，造造成成冗冗言言；2)2)不不明明词词义义内内涵涵，造造成成词词义义重重叠叠；3)3)介介词词多多余余；4)4)助助动动词词、系系动动词词多多余余；5)
35、5)多多冠冠词词；6)6)定定语语从从句句中中的的成成分分重重复复；7 7)程程度度副副词词和和频频率率副副词词，如如much,much,more,more,oftenoften等等的多余；的多余；8 8)多余小品词多余小品词to to等。等。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件【例例1616】(2012(2012 陕陕西西卷卷)A As s soon soon as as we we arrived,arrived,so so we we dropped dropped the the lines lines into the water.into the water.解
36、解析析：此此句句是是连连词词多多余余错错误误。本本句句是是主主从从复复合合句句，从从句句中中已已经经含含有有连连词词as soon asas soon as，所以主句中不需加并列连词，故去掉，所以主句中不需加并列连词，故去掉soso。【例例1 17 7】(2013(2013 全全国国卷卷)M My y mother mother is is very very much much kind kind and and is is friendly friendly to to everybody.everybody.解解析析：此此句句是是副副词词多多余余错错误误。muchmuch不不能能修修饰饰
37、形形容容词词原原级级，本本句句也也无无比比较意义，故去掉较意义，故去掉muchmuch。【例例1 18 8】(2014(2014 课课标标全全国国 )There There are are all all kinds kinds of of the the flowers flowers and and trees trees around the classroom buildings.around the classroom buildings.解解析析：此此句句是是冠冠词词多多余余错错误误。:删删掉掉第第一一个个thethe，all all kinds kinds of(of(各各种种各
38、各样样的的)后直接加可数名词复数或不可数名词后直接加可数名词复数或不可数名词,不用再加冠词。不用再加冠词。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件常见错误：常见错误：(8 8)“缺词缺词”错误错误缺缺词词现现象象常常见见有有：1)1)缺缺系系动动词词；2)2)缺缺介介词词；3)3)缺缺冠冠词词、物物主主代代词词等等限限定定词词；4)4)在在定定语语从从句句中中缺缺关关系系代代词词或或关关系系副副词词；5)5)缺缺连连接接词词；6)6)缺否定词；缺否定词；7 7)缺不定式符号缺不定式符号to to等。等。【例例1 19 9】(2013(2013.四四川川卷卷)The The te
39、acher teacher was was angry angry because because we we had had same answers in the test.same answers in the test.解解析析：此此句句是是定定冠冠词词缺缺失失错错误误。samesame要要和和定定冠冠词词the the 连连用用，故故加加thethe。【例例2020】(2013(2013.全国卷全国卷)I)I ll think ll think q quickly and stand to answer.uickly and stand to answer.解解析析：此此句句是是副副
40、词词缺缺失失错错误误。根根据据句句意意“站站起起来来回回答答问问题题”，故在故在stand stand 后加后加upup。短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件（1 1）整体把握短文大意。）整体把握短文大意。（2 2）逐句分析，把握）逐句分析，把握结结构。构。（3 3）粗略分析）粗略分析词词法、句法、法、句法、逻辑逻辑上是否有上是否有 问题问题。（4 4）逐行修改，先易后）逐行修改，先易后难难。（5 5）复）复读读全文，全文，验证验证答案。答案。（6 6）要注意答）要注意答题题是否合乎是否合乎规规范。范。小结：应试技巧点拨小结：应试技巧点拨短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习
41、课件英语专题复习课件(2014新课标)Nearly five years before,and with the help by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in s
42、ize,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!高考真高考真题题 agoagoatatyearsyearshavehavea aeverywhereeverywheretastytastymanymanywonderfulwonderful短文改错专题短文改错专题英语专题复习课件英语专题复习课件ThanksThanksThanksThanks forforforfor listenninglistenninglistenninglistenning!