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1、短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数；注意形和副；非谓动词细辨别；习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析；逻辑错误须关注。PART 1 动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如例如：My favorite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.(is)Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)上述两例分别属于时态错误和主谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。PA
2、RT 2 名词数 指名词单数、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如例如：so that Ill get good marks in all my subject.(subjects)PART 3注意形副 区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如例如：Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)Unfortunate,there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能
3、在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。PART4非谓动词细辨别 这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如例如：1.in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football.(interested)2.Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (playing)3.My parents love me and
4、will do all they can make sure(to)上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。PART5习惯用法要记住 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如例如：1.It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and(of)2.We must keep in mind that we play for the team in
5、stead ourselves.(of)PART6 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如例如：1.They eager to know everything about China and(were)2.I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China.(which)第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，which(代“北京”,在所引导的非限制性定语从句中做主语)is th
6、e capital of China(系表结构）where是副词，不能作主语。PART7逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如例如：1.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)2.First,let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)3.no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now
7、 someone at home reads instead.(everyone)上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but,and,or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如例如：1.She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)2.It
8、 looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or)3.We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)做下面短文改错题,看看是否用到本文的口诀。Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiMountain in Sichuan.As everyone knows，its famous 76._Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The weath
9、er 77._was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78._the mountain，the three of them were very excited.As we 79._climbed the mountain，we fed monkeys，visiting temples 80._and told stories.On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._since the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.
10、82._Evening came down.We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83._of the mountain.The food was expensive and the service was 84._good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85._head touched the pillow.76.famous前加上前加上a.（名词数）此题考查冠词的基本用法。mountain是可数名词，这里是泛指，所以要加不定冠词a。77.正确78.we前面加前面加when，引
11、导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析）It was about noon和we arrived at the foot of the mountain都是简单句，必须用复合连词when把它们连接起来，构成时间状语从句。79.themus（逻辑错误须关注）此题考查代词的用法。这篇短文叙述了作者和他的父母亲一起去旅游，这里指的是“我们”，而不是“他们”。80.visitingvisited（非谓动词细辨别）并列连词and连接的是三个谓语：fed,visited和told。81.picturepictures（名词数）picture是可数名词，从下文中since the scenery was so
12、 beautiful可以看出，作者拍了不止一张照片。所以要用复数。82.passespassed（动词形）考查动词时态，作者和他父母亲旅游的时间发生在过去(Last week)，所以要用一般过去时。83.去掉去掉down（习惯用法要记住）Evening came的意思是，到了夜晚。不能用came down。84.andbut（but，and，or和so）此题考查连词的基本用法。食物贵(The food was expensive)与服务好(the service was good)之间是转折关系，不是并列关系。85.去掉去掉at（句子成分多分析/习惯用法要记住）the moment(that)可以引导时间状语从句，意思是“一就”，前面不用介词at。在这个句子中，省略了that。