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1、2023年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分拟定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at
2、 least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture
3、6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break 9.
4、 Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attra
5、ct B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I cant put up with my neighbors noise any longer, its driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent re
6、search. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供的是对的信息，请选择A；假如该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；假如该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writings on t
7、he Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, its still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his tag , TAKI 183, all
8、 over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could.
9、An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. Were planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, says Lia
10、m, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2023, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. The first site to be chosen was a subway. Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned u
11、p and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of tagging on peoples private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawin
12、g skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didnt spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys hed hooked up with w
13、ho were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampicn, England. The whole hip -hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everything. But it was always the graffiti I was best at. he says. 16. Demetrius was a teenager bom in
14、 New York. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. The graffiti scheme in Rochodale was for teenagers only. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. People did not like using the subway before an organized group of graffiti aritists came. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Since the scheme started,
15、 new wall in the town were sprayed with graffiti. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. Most of the other graffiti artists in England were about ten years older than Temper. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. Temper, a street artist, is now head of graffiti club in England. A. Right B. Wrong C.
16、 Not mentioned 22. Temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第三部分：概括大意与完毕句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务： (1)第23-26题规定从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题； (2)第27-30题规定从所给的6个选项中为每个句子拟定1个最佳选项。 Waste Not, Want Not I Bob and Clara Darlington, who own an
17、d run a farm in the North of England, have alwayslooked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their success began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them. 2 The business was an immediate success, and soon
18、scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Associations inspectors found the Darlingtons shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable. 3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in
19、 addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the
20、shop. 4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party me
21、nu. I take it as a compliment(恭维) if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves. 5 So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable fo
22、r selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup. 6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produces ten different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing prese
23、ntations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores. 23. Paragraph 2 _. 24. Paragraph 3 _. 25. Paragraph 4 _. 26. Paragraph 5 _. A. Professional recognition is obt
24、ained B. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted C. A necessary alternative to farming D. Time well spent is rewarded E. Continuing investment is necessary alternative to farming in high stand9rds F. Professional skills are exploited 27. Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to _ 28. Apart from qual
25、ity fruit and vegetables, the couple 29. Instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away , the couple 30. Clara spent much of the summer going to London to A. sell fresh vegetables B. turn them into soup C. sell as much as possible D. promote her soups E. fill a gap in the market F. offer a variety
26、of prepared meals 第四部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题拟定1个最佳选项。 第1篇The Iceman On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height(10,499 feet, or
27、 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface. It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on
28、 the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows. Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a d
29、ifferent answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century , perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I , since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years befor
30、e and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Bom in about 3300 B.C., he lived during the
31、Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it c
32、aused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.
33、 By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has give us important clues to the history of those distant times. 31. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountai
34、ns mainly because _. A. he was lying on the ice B. he was just on a mountain pass C. two Germans were climbing the mountains D. the melted ice made him visible 32. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. The Iceman lived a poor life. B. The Iceman was struck dead from behind. C. The Iceman was kil
35、led while working. D. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head. 33. All the following are assumptions once made about the Ice man EXCEPT _. A. he was a soldier in World War I B. he was a Swiss womans long-lost father C. he came from Italy D. he was born about a thousand years ago 34. Th
36、e scientists made the deduction that the Iceman A. had got a wound on the back of his head B. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death C. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead D. was probably in some kind of a battle 35. The word bandits in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by _. A. soldiers
37、 B. hunters C. robbers D. shooters 第2篇 The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight You hear this:No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. You feel sad:l skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do? Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, det
38、ermine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, 80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weigh
39、t. How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After m
40、ore than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food
41、 or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers wam that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result In normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non - obese people. Thin people, however, suffer fr
42、om the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 t0 25 percent. But months after the study ended
43、 they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings als
44、o provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or ful
45、l and changing the metabolism to pusb the weight back to the range it seeks. 36. The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determinede by _. A. Our eating habit B. Our life style C. Our work habit D. Our genes 37. In Jules Hirschs study, the subjects _. A. showed no health problem B. gained we
46、ight rapidly C. were all very short D. lived only on liquid food 38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people _. A. attempted suicide B. were back to normal weight C. went mad D. followed the advice of Hirschs 39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to_. A. stay in prison B. eat as much as they could C. battle their genetic inheritance D. lower their weight 40. Which of the following statements is true? A. Each person wants to eat to his hearts content. B. Each. person has a weight range of 9kg. C.