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1、第 57 天 不能用于被动语态的动词特征。学习要点 一、不及物动词不能用于被动语态。二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词。家教点窍 一、不及物动词和联系动词无动作承受者，故无被动语态。二、及物动词 have（有），fit（适合），hold（容纳）,reach（到达），cost(值)等，以及及物动词的宾语为反身代词，相互代词，非谓语动词及同源宾语时，都不能用被动语态表示。典型例题 例 1 辨别下列汉译英正误。这些书不属于我们图书馆。译：（1）These books arent belonged to us.(2)These books dont belong to us.评析 belong to属不及
2、物动词，无被动语态。句（2）正确。例 2 判断下列几个句子能否改成被动语态。（1）The teacher taught himself French.(2)Tom hoped to visit the Great Wall.(3)I often do my homework at night.评析 及物动词的宾语是反身代词、不定式或者宾语被与主语人称一致的物主代词修饰都无被动语态。（1）、（2）、（3）均无被动语态。例 3 选择填空。These books very well.(A)are sold (B)sell (C)have been sold (D)have sold 评析 sell动
3、词为及物动词，但用作状态时无被动语态。（D）虽不是被动语态，但强调动作影响与原句不合。答案选（B）。强化训练 一、动词填空。1.When I (be)there last month,the theatre (build).2.How soon the new dictionary (publish)?3.Many factories (put)up in our village in the last ten years.4.The light suddenly went out while the whole family (watch)a very exciting football m
4、atch on TV.5.Look at the children!How happy they (play)in the playground.6.The little boy was very much afraid that he (ask)to recite the text,for he (not,get)ready for it.7.Do you know by whom the window (break).8.It (say)that this kind of CD player (make)in South Korea.9.You can have a rest when y
5、our work (do).10.How can the watch work again?It (repair)only last week.二、改错。1.The teacher wanted the exercises to be finished and hand in before Friday.(A)(B)(C)(D)2.The writer was looked sad as the conductor forgot to put him off.(A)(B)(C)(D)3.While the writer was sat in the front of the bus,he sa
6、w many children playing (A)(B)(C)in the classroom.(D)4.Do you know how much this book costed me?(A)(B)(C)(D)5.When he was only a child,he was taught himself maths.(A)(B)(C)(D)6.It took me a long time to find the letter,as it put under a pile of papers (A)(B)(C)(D)on the desk.7.The students kept in a
7、fter school,doing their exercise in the classroom.(A)(B)(C)(D)8.Im sorry this seat was taken.Would you please take the one over there.(A)(B)(C)(D)9.Great changes have been taken place in China in the past ten years.(A)(B)(C)(D)10.The bank was broke into last night and plenty of money was missing.(A)
8、(B)(C)(D)三、动词填空。Ted Robinson 1 (worry)all the week.Last Tuesday he 2 (receive)a letter.In the letter he 3 (ask)to call at the station.Ted wondered why he 4 (want)by the police,but he 5 (go)to the station yesterday and now he 6 (not,worry)any more.At the station he 7 (tell)by a smiling policeman that
9、 his bike 8(find).Five days ago,the policeman told him the bike 9 (pick)up in a small village.It 10 (send)to his home by train now.Ted was most surprised because it 11 (steal)twenty years ago when Ted 12 (be)a boy of fifteen.参考答案 一、1.was,was being built 2.willbe published 3.have been put 4.were watc
10、hing 5.are playing 6.would be asked,hadnt got 7.was broken 8.is said,is made 9.has been done 10.was repaired 二、1 (C)handed 2.(A)looked 3.(A)sat 4.(C)cost 5.(C)taught 6.(C)was put 7.(A)were kept 8.(B)has been taken 9.(B)have taken 10.(A)was broken into 三、1.has been worried 2.received 2.was asked 4.was wanted 5.went 6.isnt worried 7.was told 8.had been found 9.had been picked 10.is being sent 11.was stolen 12.was