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1、 When a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway，he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers.He gains mental picture of the whole job before he begins actual construction答案答案A.preparatory。preliminary和和preparatory的的前缀都是前缀都是pre，表示表示“预先预先”的意思
2、，又根据的意思，又根据常识，凡是搞工程建设在着手建造时一定要作建常识，凡是搞工程建设在着手建造时一定要作建筑前期准备，包括研究审查工程师的设计图纸等。筑前期准备，包括研究审查工程师的设计图纸等。且据词且据词prepare,故故A为唯一正确选项。为唯一正确选项。Read the paragraph quickly and guess the meaning of Read the paragraph quickly and guess the meaning of the underline word:the underline word:A.preparatory B.afterwardsC.
3、scientific D.necessary常见设问形式常见设问形式1 The word“”refers to/probably means/could best be replaced by _2 The word“”is most likely to mean_3 What do you think the expression“”stands for?_4 By saying“”we mean_5“”as used in the passage,can be best defined as _.技巧点拨2 对比法对比法3 因果法因果法4 联想法联想法5 构词法构词法1定义法定义法 通过定
4、义通过定义,定语从句定语从句/词组词组,同位语同位语/词组词组(that is,or,i.e,such as,in other words,namely,put another way)来确定词义来确定词义 1.It will be very hard but also very brittlethat is,it will break easily.A easily broken B soft inside C very hard D expensive一一 定义法定义法 2.The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a
5、year.A keeper of a group of animals,esp.cattles B a butcher C a man who sell sheep D a person who looks after and kill animals3.The word“adolescence”means the period between children and adulthood.A 少儿期少儿期 B 幼儿期幼儿期 C 青春期青春期 D 成人期成人期 在一个生词的前后有时会出现它的反在一个生词的前后有时会出现它的反义词或常用来对比的词语，我们从而义词或常用来对比的词语，我们从而可以推
6、知该生词的意思。这时应该特可以推知该生词的意思。这时应该特别注意表示转折或对比的连词别注意表示转折或对比的连词（although,but,while,etc.）、副词）、副词（instead,yet,etc）或介词短语（）或介词短语（on the other hand,on the contrary,etc.）二二 对比法对比法2.Most of us agreed,however,Bill dissented.A have a different opinion B support C like it very much D doesnt show his ideas 1.l.Twelvey
7、earold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate A.pretty B.calm C.protective D.energetic 根据对上下文或整句的理解，运用其因果根据对上下文或整句的理解，运用其因果关系，猜出该生词的意义关系，猜出该生词的意义.1.The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.
8、A going on for a long time B that may be permitted C not very strong D in a bad condition三因果法三因果法 2.One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.A without food,clothes,and other things necessary for life B believing to control events C deciding in advance 3.That museum is so immense t
9、hat it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A very large B crowed C noisy D good 利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社会、科技等方面的知识猜词会、科技等方面的知识猜词 1.She read my letter slowly to the end and then tore it to shreds.A fragments B the whole C envelope D fires 四四 联想法联想法1.The door was so low that I
10、hit my head on the lintel A the top of the frame of a door or window B the bottom of the frame of a door or window C the top part of the roof or ceiling 2.After inventing dynamite,Nobel became a very rich man.A powerful explosive B light C engine D electricity 英语中某些生词的产生有一定的规律英语中某些生词的产生有一定的规律可循，这种规律
11、称之为构词法。英语可循，这种规律称之为构词法。英语中常见的构词法有转换、派生、合成中常见的构词法有转换、派生、合成三种。对构词法知识有一定的了解，三种。对构词法知识有一定的了解，在阅读中，我们就可以运用相应的构在阅读中，我们就可以运用相应的构词法来猜测某些生词的含义词法来猜测某些生词的含义。五五 构词法构词法l比如，我们也许不知道比如，我们也许不知道unforeseeable的含的含义，但我们可以根据构词法得知它是一个义，但我们可以根据构词法得知它是一个派生词。于是把它拆成派生词。于是把它拆成un,fore,see,able;其其中中see是词根，是词根，fore是是“先、前、预先、前、预”的
12、含的含义，义，un是否定，是否定，able是是“能能的的”，因此，因此unforeseeable就是就是“未能预见到的未能预见到的”。l再如，我们也许从未见过再如，我们也许从未见过“lipservice”这个词。通过观察分析该词，我们知道它这个词。通过观察分析该词，我们知道它是一个合成词，由是一个合成词，由“lip”和和“service”两词构成，两词构成，“lip”是是“嘴唇嘴唇”，“service”是是“服务服务”，于是，我们不难，于是，我们不难猜出猜出“lipservice”是是“口惠而实不至，口惠而实不至，空话空话”的意思。的意思。1.We must safeguard the wor
13、ld peace.A protect B care or custody C prevent D to keep safe with a burglar-alarm2.Dont listen to his nonsense.A havig no meaning B meaningless words C humorous speech D not making sense1)He found an unpretentious job as a wheeler of cement（水水泥泥）and loved being unnoticed.A.unshowy B.unluckyC.easy D
14、.unhappy2)Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.A.time B.competitionC.perseverance D.beginning againbeing unnoticed.loved3)He felt very alone;he had lived in Baltimore City for a month and had met no one in the inhospitable city.A.unfriendly B.uncomfortableC.
15、unhealthy D.enormous4)The official asked the man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B.study C.name D.interest 5)She sneered,You are the worst type of parasite.You make me sick!You take our friendship and love,but you give nothing of yourself!A.person B.enem
16、yC.friend D.one who lives on another提示：这一阅读理解练习的特点是每一题都看三个句子，每后一句总比前一句多一层新意思，每一题都有一个相同划线部分的词语。必须学会根据上下文提供的信息，结合一定的常识才能推理判断出新词语的准确意思。Further consolidationFurther consolidation例题：例题：Tom canTom cant find t find his his sneakerssneakers.A.Money B.bowls C.shoesA.Money B.bowls C.shoesTom canTom cant find
17、t find his white sneakershis white sneakersA.Money B.bowls C.shoesA.Money B.bowls C.shoesTom canTom cant play tennis nowt play tennis now because he can because he cant find t find his white his white sneakerssneakers.A.Money B.bowls C.shoesA.Money B.bowls C.shoesl）Jane is usually prompt.Alate Bon t
18、ime CpleasedPRACTICE Jane is usually prompt for her classes Alate B.on time，C.pleasedJane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class.Alate Bon time CpleasedB Tom saw an owl in a tree last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun2）Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird
19、 Ban animal Cthe sunTom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sunA1)The boy wants to ride a brown pony.Adog Bcat ChorseC2)Since he rejected the advice his teacher gave him，he failed in the exam Atook Brefused CmadeB3)The children are looking at a large,hairy
20、(毛的毛的)ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of birdA4)The fresh trout is very cheap,but I dont know how to cook it Afish Bfruit CappleA5)Jack was injured when he played basketball this morning，and he could not come to schoolA.ill Bhurt CsadB6)The lady asked the waitress to get he
21、r a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plateC7)we seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of bird C 8)Im sure to pass the quiz for English on Monday Agame Bclass CtestC小小结结1定义法定义法2 对比法对比法3 因果法因果法4 联想法联想法5 构词法构词法一一.SKILLS二二.ATTENTION必须联系必须联系上下文上下文Thank you