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1、 Yangquan Foreign languages school Miaojianli1. Teaching background 教学背景教学背景 Guessing the meaning 根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能, 因此因此, 词词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子单词、短语、句子的意的意思。思。 方法一：方法一： Using word formation 2.猜测生词和短语猜测生词和短语prefix （前前缀）缀） su
2、ffix（后后缀）缀） un- word root（词根）（词根） comfort -ableGuessing the meaning With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgemental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence. 方法二：方法二： Using context clues同义词、近义词同义词、近义词 Doctors believe that sm
3、oking is detrimental to peoples health. They also regard drinking as harmful.有害的有害的 adj. also技巧技巧 1harmful资金资金 n. At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank. moneynor反义词反义词eg. Unlike his brother, w
4、ho is truly a handsome man, John is quite homely “homely” means “ ”.uglyWith the help of words like: unlike; but;however; while; instead;on the other hand.Unlike handsome技巧技巧 2_定义、解释或举例定义、解释或举例 通过通过定义定义,定语从句定语从句/同位语同位语/词或词组词或词组(is; was; mean; that is; thats to say; or; namely ; in other words ; to p
5、ut it another way; such as ; like; especially; for instance; for example )来确定词义来确定词义技巧技巧 3When writing an article, we often use simile , such as “brave as a lion” and “quick like lightning” “simile” means“_”.【修辞修辞】明喻明喻such as- since you are my superior（上级）（上级）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell
6、 you what to do .Afull of respect Btoo confident and rude Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet sincesuperior技巧技巧 4因果关系因果关系With the help of conjunctions like: because, as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore，so that， etc.标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）1.You can take any of the periodicals: The
7、 World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A.dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers 技巧技巧 5:_ The heat of sun warms some ocean water. The surface of the water evaporates， forming a cloud of warm, wet air that moves upward “evaporates” means _turns in
8、to vapour 蒸发蒸发 技巧技巧 6猜测猜测熟词新义熟词新义1. Angela Carraro runs an Italian restaurant.2.The stadium admits 8,000 people.3. She alone was able to answer the question. 4. Worry aged him rapidly. v.经营，管理经营，管理 v.容纳容纳 adv.仅仅，只有仅仅，只有v.使变老使变老 猜测熟词含义除了要求同学们有猜测熟词含义除了要求同学们有较强的语境分析能力较强的语境分析能力外，还要外，还要求同学们求同学们有较宽的知识面有较宽
9、的知识面，对常见有新含义的熟词要弄清其用法，对常见有新含义的熟词要弄清其用法，并将这些词进行简要归纳整理。并将这些词进行简要归纳整理。 利用熟词的新词性来抽象词义，关键应在利用熟词的新词性来抽象词义，关键应在理解原词理解原词 的基础上，的基础上，分析它的新词性，并分析它的新词性，并结合原词含义发挥合理想象结合原词含义发挥合理想象，从而概括抽象出，从而概括抽象出它的新词义。它的新词义。3.猜测猜测句子的含义句子的含义 4.dinner5.Practice练习练习 Passage 1. We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we
10、 are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.Acceleration is the name for _. A. any kind of movement B. the movement of a
11、plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speedPassage 2. A tornado can do a lot of damage. The wind of a tornado rushes at great speed around a funnel-shaped cloud. It travels in a path a few hundred feet wide and about twenty-five miles long. As the wind circles, the funnel spirals higher and high
12、er. 2. A tornado is a _. A. rainstorm B. dust storm C. great circle wind D. huge funnel of waterPassage 3.STOCKHOLMA Swede and two Americans won the 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine on Oct. 9 for studies on how messages move around the nervous system. The discovery makes it possible to develop drugs ag
13、ainst Parkinsons disease and schizophrenia. Arvid Carlson of Sweden and Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel of the United States share the first prize of the millennium, worth nearly US$ 1 million, for their discoveries, Swedens Karlinska Institute said. 3. What does the underlined word “schizophrenia” p
14、robably mean? A. a kind of illness B. a new discovery C. a name of a subject D. a new drugand Passage 4. New York: when the first jet struck 1 World Trade Center at 8:48 am on Tuesday, the people in 2 World Trade Center with a view of the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of wh
15、at they, too, must do: get out fast. Among the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed people to stay put, telling them that the building was in good condition and the threat was limited to the other tower. 4. The underlined words “stay
16、 put” means_. A. to keep silentB. to leave at once C. to stay in the building D. to put everything back and then leavePassage 5. All the athletes try to be at the closing ceremony. They have forgotten all their fears and worries. It does not matter whether they have done well or not. All the teams w
17、alk round the stadium together. Everybody in the village clears up and gets ready to leave. Everyone is hunting for local products. People exchange track suits, hats, running vest and so on. There is a last chance to take photographs and get addresses of new friends. Then each team starts its journe
18、y home.5. The underline phrase “clears up” in the paragraph means_. A. packs up B. goes away C. makes clear D. does the cleaningPassage 6. 1. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables. ( ) 2. Hel
19、ping laid-off workers and unemployed people find jobs is crucial (关系重大的关系重大的)and pressing task facing the Chinese Government, President Jiang Zemin stressed yesterday, he urged better service to create work for the unemployed. ( ) 3. Are you a man or a mouse? When people ask this question they want
20、to know if you think you are a brave person or a coward. ( ) 6.Assignment 作业作业 1. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables. ( ) 2. Helping laid-off workers and unemployed people find jobs is cru
21、cial (关系重大的关系重大的)and pressing task facing the Chinese Government, President Jiang Zemin stressed yesterday, he urged better service to create work for the unemployed. ( ) 3. Are you a man or a mouse? When people ask this question they want to know if you think you are a brave person or a coward. ( )
22、 不可回收资源不可回收资源 下岗下岗 胆小鬼胆小鬼 6.Assignment 作业作业 4. Most women in China -educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. ( ) 5. Jane was talking with others while Tom remained reticent all the time. ( )
23、6. The farmer is the most important person in the movie. He is the hero. ( ) 7. They surrendered, that is, threw out their weapons and walked out with their hands above their heads. ( )文盲的文盲的 沉默寡言的沉默寡言的 男主角男主角 投降投降 8. Japan has a problem many other countries would envyits workforce works too hard. C
24、uring Japanese workers of disease “workaholism” is proving a difficult job, partly because many of them like work better than anything else, experts say. ( ) 9. The harbor is protected by a jettya wall built out into the water. ( ) 10. Crime is a very serious problem in Britain. One sort of crime which particularly worries people is juvenile crimescrimes committed by young people. ( )醉心工作醉心工作 防波堤防波堤, 码头码头青少年犯罪青少年犯罪