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1、Lead inThe scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths.T
2、his result amazed all the scientists.67.The underlined word“divergence”in paragraph 4 means“_”.A.evolution B.exhibition C.separation D.examination _第1页/共31页 词义猜测题常见的考查形式：1)The phrase“”in the sentence could be replaced by _.2)The world“”in the paragraph refers to _.3)What is the meaning of the underl
3、ined word in the paragraph?/What does the underlined word mean?4)Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase”?5)The world“”most nearly means _.6)What do you think the expression“”stand for?第2页/共31页词义猜测题解题策略之-通过上下文进行词义猜测第3页/共31页 猜词是英语阅读的重要技巧，也是高考中常考的题型。考生要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、
4、上下文等线索(各种已知信息)确定词义。要求猜测词义的词一般为实词(动词、名词、形容词等)。就方法来说，主要根据上下文线索和构词法。高考阅读文章中更侧重前者。第4页/共31页2008200920102011 1 1 1 1第5页/共31页 技巧点拨【例1】In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.词义：_困境 第6页/共31页Skill 1：通过_进行猜测定义句的谓语动词多为：_ be called,b
5、e known as,define,represent等。be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,refer to,Practice:His uncle is a zoologist,an expert who does research on animals.词义：_ 动物学家 定义或释义关系第7页/共31页 技巧点拨【例2】1)They traveled a long way,at last got to a castle,a large building in old times._2)We are on the night shift-from mi
6、dnight to 8 a.m.-this week._3)In fact，only about 80 ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the U.S.today.(NMET 2005浙江)_古城堡夜班野猫第8页/共31页Skill 2：通过_进行猜测同位关系Practice:You should never put a cotton swab or other object into the ear canal.But you can use aswab or cloth to clean the outer part of the ear.T
7、he experts agree with the old saying that you should never put anything smaller than your elbow in your ear.第9页/共31页()What does a“swab”mostly probably mean?A.something soft,small and used in clinics B.something hard,long and used at homeC.something thin,wet and like an elbow D.something safe,big and
8、 like a toy 第10页/共31页 技巧点拨【例3】1)If you agree,write“yes”;if you dissent,write“no”._2)Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was innocent of the thing._不同意无辜的第11页/共31页Skill 3：通过_进行猜测对比关系或反义关系表示对比、类比或转折的常见信息词有：_yet,despite，in spite of，instead等，有时也用破
9、折号或冒号等符号.but，however，while，on the other hand，on the contrary，第12页/共31页【例4】Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name.English-speaking people added s or son.The Johsons are descendants of John;the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc o
10、r O.perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell.(NMET 2010 江苏)第13页/共31页The underlined word“descendants”means a persons_.A.later generations B.friends and relatives C.colleagues partners D.later sponsors name.English-speaking第14页/共31页Skill 4
11、：通过_进行猜测例证表示举例或同位语表示释义或举例词语的信息词有_等，也有e.g.(举例)、i.e(也就是）。for example，for instance，such as，in other words，that is to say，namely第15页/共31页Practice:On the farm they mainly raise poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.词义：_家禽第16页/共31页【例5】When some kind of pain killer was brought ou
12、t recently,researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.Eventually,it come on the market in a dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe,and white as calm.(NMET 2004 广东)第17页/共31页The underlined part“the colour
13、s turned the customers off”means that the colours.A.attracted the customers strongly B.had weak effects on the customersC.tricked the customers into shopping D.caused the customers to lose interest 第18页/共31页Skill 5：通过_进行猜测因果关系表示因果关系的信息词有_等，也有e.g.(举例)、i.e(也就是）。because，as，since，for，thus，so，therefore 第
14、19页/共31页【例6】Tom cant find his sneakers.C.shoesTom cant find his white sneakersTom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.A.moneyB.bowls第20页/共31页Skill 6：通过_进行猜测生词所在的上下文第21页/共31页 1.When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Dai
15、ly Telegraph to go and edit a small newspaper.At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state.How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area?I wanted to know.(NMET 2006 广东)第22页/共31页The underlined phrase“turn his
16、bake on”most probably means A.leave for B.return to C.give up D.rely on 第23页/共31页 2.There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care.To water his flowers,he used two buckets.One was a shiny and new bucket.The other was a very old and dilapidated one,which had seen many years of servi
17、ce,but was now past its best.What does the underlined word“dilapidated”probably mean?A.Dirty.B.Dark.C.Worn-out.D.Plain-looking.第24页/共31页(2011 全国II E)I didnt hear them call my name,”explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens(AT)as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she wo
18、n the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004.Are you ready?is what she heard.Then she said,I shook my head no,and then they said yes and it was announced again.”第25页/共31页 It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan,Louisiana-she was still on cl
19、oud nine I was so shocked!I never believed that it could actually really happen.Present in the audience（观众）that day were:her mother and father,older brother,her friends,and her dance teacher.第26页/共31页What do the words“on cloud nine”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.frightened B.troubled C.very happy D.very angry 第27页/共31页What have you What have you learned today?learned today?第28页/共31页1、定义或释义关系、定义或释义关系 猜猜 词词 技技 巧巧2、同位关系、同位关系3、对比关系或反义关系对比关系或反义关系4、例证关系、例证关系6.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义5、因果关系、因果关系第29页/共31页 Homework1.2010 湖南，C 篇2.2009 湖南，C 篇3.2006 湖南，C篇4.2007 湖南，C篇第30页/共31页感谢您的观看！第31页/共31页