重庆市育才中学校2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题及答案.docx

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1、重庆市育才中学校高2023届高三(下)开学考试英语试题本试卷为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共150分,考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,请考生务必把自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3 .考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第I卷(满分95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的 相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

2、1. When does the man probably finish work?A. At 5:30 p.m.B. At 7:30 p.m.2. How docs the woman feel now?C. At 8:00 p.m.A. Happy.B. Confident.3. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. Buying gloves.B. Going skating.C. Making the snowball.4. What does the man suggest doing?A. Watching videos.B. Lis

3、tening to music.C. Thinking about work.5. On which day will the speakers probably meet?A. Friday.B. Sunday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)C. Disappointed.C. Tuesday.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有儿个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6. Whe

4、re was the material invented?A. In China.B. In the UK.C. In Russia.7. What do we know about the new type of masks?A. They are thicker than other masks.B. They were created by a Russian organization.C. They can keep out more bacteria than other masks. 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66 .卡塔尔(Qatar)世界杯赛刚刚落幕

5、,无处不在的中国元素成了人们津津乐道的话题。假定你是李华,你的外国 朋友Mike对此非常感兴趣,写信给你想要了解近10年中国的发展变化,请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信: L写信目的:67 简介中国近10年的发展变化;你对这些变化的感受。注意:1 .词数80词左右.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯2 .开头结尾已给,不计入词数Dear Mike,The Qatar World Cup is over.I hope that you can come to China for a visit to experience more.Yours,Li Hua 第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面短文,根据

6、所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意:1 .续写词数应为150左右;.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I was backpacking in Panama over Christmas in 2018, and planned to climb Volcan Baru. It is one of the only places on earth from where you can see the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans at the same time.I se

7、t off before sunrise. It was a bit cold, so I had pulled on leggings under my trousers. Tvc always felt safe travelling as a solo (单独)woman. I love the freedom. When I got to the base at 7 am, the ranger (护林员)was unwilling to let me go alone, but relented (缓和)because an American couple were behind m

8、e.The first part of the climb was beautiful. I walked for an hour and had reached a fair height. The views were impressive, so I stopped to take a photograph. Suddenly I heard violent barking behind me.I turned and saw two dogs running aggressively towards me. I could see (heir teeth looked sharp, a

9、nd (hey looked angry. There was nowhere for me to run. I tried to keep calm, but my heart was racing. They stopped a dozen feet from where I stood and kept barking. I knew they could move fast, so I didnt want to try to outrun them.I kept walking, saying, uGood dog, calm down, as evenly as possible.

10、 But I was terrified. Then one dashed up and sunk his teeth into my leg below the knee. I was shocked. He held on for a few seconds. The pain took my breath away as I felt his fangs (犬牙)in my flesh. I considered bending down to get a rock to fight him off. but was nervous in case he went for my neck

11、 or the other one launched at me.I tried to keep walking, and he finally let go. Then he was behind me. growling (嗥叫).I kept going, my body shaking, until after about 15 minutes I was out of their sight.When / thought it was safe, I stopped.A pickup truck appeared, driven by the ranker.英语答案参考答案听力:1-

12、5CCBAC听力:1-5CCBAC610BCAAC11 15ACCBB1620 ABABA阅读:2123DBC2427 CBBC2831 CCDB3235 DACB七选五:36-40 FADGB完型:41-45 CACBD语法填空:完型:41-45 CACBD语法填空:46-50 ABCBD51 55 CAADB56. appreciation57. is managed58. simply59. delighted60. Compared61. chose62. that63. to discuss64. for65. theA篇这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三种草坪游戏以及价格等信息。21

13、题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you.(专家表示,在成年期参与有趣的活动可以帮助减轻压力,改善认知功能,并与他人建立社会联系,这比你的手机能为你 做的多得多)“可知,草坪游戏可以给

14、成年人减压。故选D。【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponentsthey have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team.(在二对二比赛开始时,将球反弹到网外,让球飞向你的对手对方有三次传球机会将球传回你的球队)“可知,当玩Spikeball Game Set时需要四个 玩家。故选B。【23题详解】 细节理解题。

15、根据倒数第二段中“Its demanding yet thrilling.(它要求很高,但也很刺激)”以及最后一段“Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. Its way more challenging than youd think.(两名玩家一次将他们的红色或蓝色硬币插入木框中,形成一条颜色相同的垂 直线或水平线。这比你想象的更有挑战性)“可知,

16、第二和第三个游戏的共同之处是它们需要技巧。故选C。B篇本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了 Di6b6d。Francis K6r6在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人,童年时 艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected fbr the fields most famous prize. Many architects had openl

17、y supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adj ayes year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kcrc, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has beenuntil now-far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a

18、 healthcare clinic.(第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样,对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。 许多建筑师曾公开认为,2022年将是大卫阿贾耶爵士的年度,他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名 建筑。Ker6,住在柏林,但他的大部分业务都在非洲,一直是直到现在很少为人所知,他的建筑包括一些 小学和一个医疗诊所。户可知,业内人士对于SirDavidAdjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高,相比之下本文主人公的主 要作品都在非洲且名气不大,故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段K6r6s architectural practice was inspired by

19、 his own experience attending school with around 10() other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. Its very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could fe

20、el better. (Kcre的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经 历。里面很热。没有光,而外面阳光充足。我想,总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间,空间,想着怎样才能感觉 好点)”可知,Kere童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句1 think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel belter.(我想,总

21、有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地,空间,想着怎样才能感觉好点),以及第五段 “In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Gou in ma Secondary School, Kere drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus red

22、ucing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.(在他的 Gando 小学和 Naaba Belem Goumnia 中 学的设计中,K6r6借鉴了传统建筑材料,如当地粘土与混凝土混合,并强调阴影,使空间足够明亮,让空气进入, 从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉,为许多孩子提供一个快乐、

23、学习读写的地方。) 可知,Kere设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境,在设计中,他非常注重因地制宜,使建筑更有实用性,可以 看出K6M关心他人且很务实。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School. K6r6 drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shado

24、ws, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning.(在他的 Gando 小 学和NaabaBelcmGoumma中学的设计中,K6M借鉴了传统建筑材料,如当地粘土与混凝土混合,并强调阴影,使 空间足够明亮,让空气进入,从而减少对空调的需求。户可知,K6r6设计的学校,采光和通风都良好,故选C项。 C篇这是一篇说明文。一一项研究发现,长期使用社交媒体的人,可以通过给别人积极的评论来降低自己压力荷尔蒙水平。 此外,体育运动也可以降低皮质醇,从而降低人

25、的压力。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的 In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol.(

26、在一项新的研究中,88 名志愿者花了多少时间在 Facebook 上,以及他们在Facebook上发表的帖子和评论的类型。此外,他们还回答关于他们感受和精神状态的问题。他们还 提供唾液。研究人员测试他们的皮质醇河知,本段主要介绍了研究的内容。C. research contents(研究内容)符合以上 说法,故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“On the other hand, youths who gave lots of “likcs”and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. The mor

27、e social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, says Lupien.(另一方面,在Facebook上给很多“赞”和支持性评论的年轻人的皮质醇水平较低。卢平说:“你给与他人的支 持越多,你的压力荷尔蒙水平就会越低)可推测,如果我们想压力更少,可以多给别人积极的评论。C. Give more positive comments (o others4给别人更多积极的评价)符合以上说法,故选C项。【30题详解】推埋判断题。根据第四段的This research decidedly

28、combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age, says Wenhong Chen(陈文红说:”这项研究明确地将社会科学方法和 医学方法结合起来,来研究我们这个社交媒体时代的一个重要问题)和Its ready pleasantly new to see Lupiens team study cortisol levcls-along with questionnaire data.(看到卢平团队研究皮质醇

29、水平和问卷调查数据,我们已经准备好 迎接新的惊喜。可推测,陈文红对卢平团队的研究持支持态度。D. Approving.(赞成的)符合以上说法,故选D项。31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find lime to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a persons energy. The best way to reduce stress ho

30、rmones is to use the energy, she says.(卢平建议频繁使用社交媒体的人应该找时间进行积极的散步、跑步或者其他活动。皮质 醇增加一个人的能量。减少压力荷尔蒙的最好方法是利用这些能量。)可知,体育锻炼可以消耗能量,从而降低皮质 醵。B. Doing physical exercise helps reduce the levels of corlisol.(做体育锻炼帮助减少皮质醇的量)符合以上说法,故 选B项。D篇这是一篇说明文。科廷大学(Curtin University)的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法,可以确定哪种化学物质和 金属类型最适合用于能存和

31、供应能源。【32题详解】.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy(科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经 济的方法,可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源户可知,这种新方法可以解决能源储存问 题。故选D项。【33题详解】.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There are thousand

32、s of types of ionic liquids, a type of liquid salt”, and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor.(离子液体有数千种,也就是“液体盐”的一种,直 到现在,人们还很难知道哪种离子液体最适合用于电容器)“可知,制造电容器的挑战是选择最好的离子液体。故选 A项。【34题详解】.词义猜测题。根据前文“researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds p

33、roduced a full charge, which did notleak,(研究人员发现,给手机充电60秒就能充满电,而且不会漏电)”和下文for at least four days”可知,充满电 以后电量至少持续四天才开始“减少故选C项。【35题详解】.主旨大意题。根据文章第段Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply ener

34、gy(科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方 法,可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源)”根据第二段“Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtins School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器).(该报告的主要作者、柯廷分子和生命科学学院的副教授

35、 SimoneCiampi说,这种简单、低成本的方法可以确定如何在电容器中产生并保持最高能量电荷)”最后一段“Thenexl step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.(下一步是利用这种新的筛选方法来寻找带电状态持续时间更长、能量密度更大的离子液体)”可知,全文是围 绕寻找一种简单经济的方法来展开文章内容的,所以用“一种好的方法,寻求完美的离子液体电容器”来作为文

36、章标 题是比较合适的。故选B项。七选五:这是一篇说明文,文章讲述防止应用程序过度分享手机数据的方法。【36题详解】根据空前“For starters, download apps only from the Apple App Store or Google Play Store, not from random websiles.(对 于初学者来说,只能从苹果AppStore或谷歌PlayStore下载应用程序,而不能从任意网站下载)”可知,要从正规渠 道下载应用程序,F项“这些应用程序符合大公司的质量标准”说明原因,故选F项。【37题详解】根据空前“Before you accept an

37、 apps terms and conditions, look at what information its planning to collect and think twice if its asking for too many permissions.(在你接受一个应用程序的条款和条件之前,先看看它打算收集哪些信息,并再 三考虑它是否要求了太多的许可)”可知,本段是关于应用程序的条款和条约,A项“例如,为什么游戏应用程序需要 访问你的短信? ”对上文“考虑它是否要求了太多的许可举例说明。故选A项。【38题详解】根据前一句Sign up using an e-mail address

38、 youve set up just fbr things like app permissions and e-mail newsletters.(使用 你为应用程序权限和电子邮件时事通讯等设置的电子邮件地址注册)”及空后“This way, if there is a security breach (缺 口), your exposure is contained to things connected to that address.(这样的话,如果存在安全漏洞,您的暴露将包含与该 地址相关的内容)可知,要使用专门为应用程序设置的邮箱抵制,不要使用常用的邮箱地址等,这样如果应用程序 存

39、在安全漏洞,不会曝光常用邮箱的相关内容,D项“不要使用你的主要电子邮件地址或社交媒体账户”符合语境。 故选D项。【39题详解】根据下文“This means a long one (at least ten characters) with a mixture of letters, numbers, and special characters and, sorry, a unique password (breach app.(这意味着一个包含字母、数字和特殊字符的长密码(至少10个字符)对不起,每个应用程序都要有一个唯一的密码)“可知,本段是讲密码的设置,G项“当然,要使用一个安全的密码

40、”符合 语境,故选G项。【40题详解】下文“Go ahead and write them down -just store your cheat sheet in a secure location (not your wallet or phone case!). Or enlist a password manager such as 1 Password or LastPass.(把它们写下来只要把你的备忘单放在一个安全的地方(不要放在钱包或手机壳里!)或者申请一个密码管理器,例如I Password或LastPass)”是描述如何记住密码,B项“你怎么能把它们都记住呢”符合语境。故选

41、B项。完型填空本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是由于新冠疫情,作者不能经常和家人相聚,在难得的一次相聚后作者意识到了对相 聚的渴望,最终作者的儿子接种了疫苗,打开了和爱的人在一起的大门。41 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们决定不参加大多数集体聚会。根据上文“COVID-19precautions”可知,因为新冠 疫情,作者全家决定不参加大多数集体聚会。42 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们担心这种新病毒带来的健康风险,特别是在我们等待孩子接种疫苗的时候。 knowledge 知识;prediction 预测;concern 担忧;argument 争论。根据下文“about the health ri

42、sks”可知,作者家人担 心这种新病毒带来的健康风险。43 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:2020年12月,我的父母从德克萨斯州过来隔离,之后偶尔回来看看我们。根据下文 “to visit us occasionally after that”可知,作者的父母偶尔回来看看作者全家。44 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们也试着去看他们,但两次都被阻止了第次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太可 怕,第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了 Omicron病毒。根据下文“first when the virus Delta made the trip too45, then when my grandma and my

43、older son separately were 46 with Omicron”可知,作者的探访被阻止了。45 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们也试着去看他们,但两次都被阻止了第一次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太 可怕,第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了 Omicron病毒。根据上文“the virus Delta”可知,德尔塔病毒让旅行变 得太可怕。46 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们也试着去看他们,但两次都被阻止了第一次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太 可怕,第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了 Omicron病毒。根据下文“wilh Omicron”可知,作者的奶奶和大儿子 分别感染了 Omicr

44、on病毒。47 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:两年多前,我的孩子们才见过我的祖父母,小儿子不记得坐过飞机。根据上文“hhad been more than two years once my kids had seen my grandparents”可知,两年多前,作者的孩了们才见过作者的祖父母, 小儿子不记得坐过飞机。48 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:在那里,我的孩子们爱上了她的小表弟。根据下文“hcrbabycousin”可知,作者的孩 子们爱上了她的小表弟。49 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我观察我的孩子们游泳、看烟花,通常是和他们的兄弟姐妹们在一起。根据下文“as they swam”可知,

45、作者观察孩子们游泳。50 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我观察我的孩子们游泳、看烟花,通常是和他们的兄弟姐妹们在一起。根据下文“despile how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years”可知,作者孩子和兄弟姐妹们一起玩儿,mess with 意 为与厮混在一起.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管过去几年我们很少聚在一起,但他们和每个人都相处得很好。根据下文“despite how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years”可知,尽管过去几年

46、我们很少聚在一起,但他们和每个 人都相处得很好,空格处意为“舒服的”。51 .考查名词词义辨析二句意:有几次,我看着我的孩子们和我的亲戚、他们的亲戚一起玩耍,建立起他们自己的 联系,我有了和别人在一起时很少有的感觉:渴望,渴望更多这样的东西。根据上文“playing with my relatives, their relatives”可知,孩子们建立起他们自己的联系。52 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:有几次,我看着我的孩子们和我的亲戚、他们的亲戚一起玩耍,建立起他们自己的 纽带,我有了和别人在一起时很少有的感觉:渴望,渴望更多这样的东西。根据上文“longing”可知,作者渴望更多 这样的东西

47、。53 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于COVID-同尚未结束,我们仍在努力限制暴露。根据上文“AsCOVID-19isnot over”可知,由于COVID-19尚未结束,我们仍在努力限制暴露。54 .考查动词词义辨析二句意:但随着我们的小儿子终于接种了疫苗,我们打开了与我们爱的人在一起的大门,只 是一点点。vaccinated 接种疫苗。根据卜文“we are cracking open the door, just a little, to be with the people we love”可 知,作者小儿子终于接种了疫苗,他们打开了与爱的人在一起的大门。语法填空本文一篇说明文。介绍了

48、选择正确的经营方向与合理安排讨论图书和社交的时间对创建一个吸引人的读书俱乐部的 重要性。55 .考查名词。句意:读书俱乐部可能是培养阅读欣赏力、发展新友谊的好方法,也可能是一个巨大的失败。根据 空前的an和空后的of可知空处应填名词。appreciation“欣赏,鉴赏故填叩preciation。56 .考查动词的时态和语态。句意:事实上,它的发展方向取决于它是如何被管理的。从句主语it与manage之间为 被动关系,应用被动语态;根据上文的takes和depends可知,此处要用一般现在时。故填is managed。57 .考查副词。句意:如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交聚会,那就考虑组一个团体一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构可 知,空处作状语修饰is,应用所给词的副词形式。故填simply。58 .考查形容词。句意:在那次调查中,读书俱乐部里81%的人认为他们非常快乐,他们通常会花75分钟或更长时 间讨论图书。空处修饰人,表示人的感受,故填delighted。delighted”高兴的,愉快的,快乐的。故填delighted.59 .考杳非谓语动词。句意:与他们相比,在只讨论2()

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