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1、单元复习与提升6知识清单1 .career n.职业，事业I .根据语境和汉语提示写出正确单词1. Our success was due not so much to your核 心 单 词2. cooperation n.合作，协作3. symbol n.象征，标志4. fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款5. appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识6. reject vt.拒绝接受7. motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发（人）的8. limit vt.& n.限制，限定9. convince vt.说服，使确信10. nnnvt,毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏11. selfish adj
2、.自私的，自私自利的12. sacrifice /?.牺牲13. normal adj.正常的，平常的14. style n.方式，特点15. retire vi.退休；退职help as to our cooperation （合作）.2. You might say that the first medium （媒 体）used in advertising was signs with symbols （标志）.3. She has been concentrating on her career （事业）.4. The patient rejected （拒绝接受）the transp
3、lanted organ.5. Pressure is a motivating （起激励作用的） thing, especially when its positive.6. Youll need to convince （使确信）（hem of your enthusiasm for the job.7. Many people relire （退休）to （he country, where they can enjoy peace and fresh air.8. . What was mentioned was that he experimented with different
4、styles （风格）of painting.1 .determined adj.坚定的，坚决的-*determineII .用所给词的适当形式填空拓 展 单 词V.下定决心delermination 决心2 . enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的-*enthusiasm n.热情;热心；热衷的事物3 . ambilious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的-*ambition n.抱负；雄心4 . appreciative ”4/.感激的一appreciate ”.欣 赏；感激appreciation .欣赏；感激5 . employee n.雇员一employ ”使用；雇 用一em
5、ployer，.雇用者，雇主一employment1 . Li Ming is a young man with great dctc门nination. He determined to go to Tibet after gradual ion. Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.（determine） 2. In the letter, he thanked me for my ar）rreciaiing his work
6、 and my ar）Dreciation made him confident again, （appreciate）3. Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find empioyment （employ）.n.职业；雇用，使用4. Il was fortunate of them to make aorlune6. comfortably a血舒服地，舒适地-*comforln. & v.安慰一comfortable 必.舒适的7. fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款f fortunate M/. 幸运的-* fortu
7、nately adv.幸运地-*unfortunately。曲.不幸地8. hunger n.饥饿，饥荒一hungry a的.饥饿 的9. extreme n.极端-*exlremely a血.极端地trading with foreigners. And more foounately for them, they were supported by the government, （fortunate）5. All the rooms were comfortably （comfort） furnished.重 点 短 语1. .make sense有意义；解释得通2. ggjon发迹；出
8、人头地3. drop oul退出，脱离；辍学4. devote . to致力于5. boil down to sth归结为；要点是6. slay in待在家里7. apply oneself lo sth 努力；专心致志于 某事8. aparl from除之外9. retire from 从退休川.选用左栏短语的适当形式填空1. Sometimes paragraphs need only to be rearranged for the story to make sense.2. He had injured his leg and had to drop out of the race.
9、3. Most of the crimes may boil down to a question of money.4. If you aDDly yourself lo English, you will master the language.5. What other things show ones status in society apari from how one speaks?经 典 句 式1. 带疑问词的不定式Ive been working on a project on how to lead （怎样过）a successful life.2. be likely t
10、o do sth. “有可能做某事”In this way, you are likely to （有可能）stay- positive about life and be inspiring to others.3. 强调句Everj-one can fail but its how you deal with failure that counts.4. while表示对比He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while （而）many peopl
11、e had nothing.5. whenever引导让步状语从句Whenever （不管何时）he had more than twoIV.佳句仿写1. I learned a lot from him about how to run a band.我从他那里学到了许多关于经营乐队方面 的问题。2. Whenever she comes, she brings a friend. 她每次来都带着个朋友。3. On the other hand, there is a good reason for not doing any reading in any of the seasons of
12、 the year, if one does not like reading.在另一方面，一个人不喜欢读书，那么， 一年四季都有不读书的正当理由。4.1 am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜欢英语，而他喜欢数学。5 . Many people hope to possess greatthousand dollars, he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in (he streets of local areas.6. there is a/no reason for/
13、to do sth (没)有做 某事的理由”As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for (有什么理由这样)giving up so much.thousand dollars, he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in (he streets of local areas.6. there is a
14、/no reason for/to do sth (没)有做 某事的理由”As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for (有什么理由这样)giving up so much.wealth, but as a matter of fact, it is health that really counts.许多人都希望拥有巨大的财富，但事实上， 健康才是最重要的。6. It i
15、s not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.年轻人很可能会爆发，这是不足为奇的， 尤其是有理由这么做的时候。词汇拓展话题词汇拓展话题词汇拓展plain时.朴素的：简单的；elegant a力.优雅的，潦亮的；pale时.苍白的，灰白的： gentle and graceful 窈窕的:indifferent adj.漠不关心的：lense 时.紧张的： desperate adj.绝望的：blank adj.茫然无表情的virtu
16、e n.美德，品行：reliable a力.可信赖的，可依靠的:modest adj.谦虚的：漫逊的： sensitive adj.敏感的；thoughtful/considerato 时.考虑周到的；intelligencen.智力，才智,智意；distinction”.优秀，卓越；outstanding时.杰出的；brilliant adj.有才气的,技艺高的；selfless adj.无私的optimistic adj.乐观的；pessimistic 岫.悲观的；outgoing adj.外向的；easy-going adj.随和的；gentle adj.温和的；stubborn adj
17、.固执的；discouraged adj.灰心的; devoted adj.忠心的：inspiring a力.鼓舞人心的；disturbed adj.烦恼的make one s most amazing discovery of all 做出 了 某人心惊人的发现；look into 调查（问题）； to this day 直到今天；catch a high fever 发高烧：have a strong desire to do.迫切想要做loam survival skills 学习生存技巧；have something to do with .与有关；die of heart troub
18、le 死于心脏病即时演练I .单句语法填空1. Don【be discouraged (discourage). Take things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.2. Before, he was an extremely devoted (devotion) physician, who treated his work seriouslyand cared for patients very much.3. His speech was inspiring (inspire) and touched my
19、heart.4. I am very disturbed (disturb) by the complaints that have been made against you.n .补全句子1. Try to learn survival skills your teacher told you.努力学习老师告诉你的生存技巧。2. I have a strong desire to know whose children wc can be.我急于要知道，我们到底是谁的孩子。3. He was a foreigner, and they had nothing to do with each
20、 other.他是个外国人，他们亳无关系。4. To【his day I still can, t make out why they did so.直到今天我还不理解他们为什么这样做。素养培优背景阅读7阅读提示“人非圣贤，孰能无过？ ”在工作中难免因出现差错而被批评。虽然“良药苦口利于病， 忠言逆耳利于行”，但任何教训、指责，都会使人感到伤了自尊而处于自我防卫状态，并且 会激起极大的反感，促使他竭力为自己辩解，所以喜欢批评的人是不多的。应当怎样对待批 评呢？Winston Churchill showed integrity and respect in the face of opposi
21、tion. During his last year in office, he attended an official ceremony. Several rows behind him two gentlemen began whispering. That* s Winston Churchill.” “They say he is getting senile.” “They say he should step aside and leave the running of the nation to more dynamic and capable men. When the ce
22、remony was over, Churchill turned to the men and said, u Gentlemen, they also say he is deaf! ”Criticism. Nobody enjoys being criticized, even if its done in a kind, loving way. But its even more difficult to accept when the criticism is harsh or unfair. The fact is, however, that we all find oursel
23、ves from time to time in a position of being unfairly criticized.Criticism even destructive criticism may serve a useful purpose. We need to listen to it and, if possible, profit by it. We ought to be humble enough to recognize that some criticisms are justly deserved. Even when critics are unkind a
24、nd when they exaggerate our failures, there may still be some truth in what they say. So, when faced with criticism, we need to look at the situation honestly and ask these questions: Is it true? ItsQahQ双.can LQYCIGQmc theCQndiUQn.lhaLcaused jl? LtnQk工葭QmeihiogJsan doJoeliminaieJiuu工eetiiici&niQLihe
25、sam% I邓e?It was reported to Abraham Lincoln once that one of his cabinet members had called him a fool. Having verified the fact that Mr Stanton had indeed referred to him in this manner, Lincoln said、Mr Stanton is a wise man. If he said I am a fbol, then I had better look into the matter.,We learn
26、much from the disagreeable things people say, for they make us think, whereas the good things only make us glad. Criticism provides us with the motivation we need to change and mature. If you listen to correction to improve your life, you will live among the wise. Those who refuse correction hate th
27、emselves, but those who accept correction gain understanding.1. What does Winston Churchill do when two gentlemen were criticizing him?A. Hold an official ceremony.B. Run the whole nation.C. Leave the country.D. Serve in office.答案：B2. What did Abraham Lincoln do when faced with criticism?A. Turned a
28、 deaf ear to it.B. Found a way to avoid it.C. Criticized the critics severely.D. Referred to it as a stepping stone.答案：D词汇积累1.integrity n.正直，诚实2.senile adj.衰老的3.run v.运转；运营4.dynamic adj.有活力的5.harsh adj.严厉的，刺耳的6.profit v.获利，获益7.humble adj.谦逊的8.exaggerate v.夸张，夸大；言过其实9. cabinet n. 写作推荐内阁三个句子中的if possi
29、ble, if so, if not是一种省略形式。若if从句的主语与主句主语一 致，且if从句的主语后跟有动词be,那么通常可以省略if从句的“主语+be”。常见的if 这种省略惯用法有如下几种：(I)ifany即使有(任何)(2)ifanything如果有的话(3)if anybody (anyone)若有(任何)人的话(4)if ever (即使有也)极少,难得(5)if necessary如果有必要的话(6)if not如果不是这样的话；不然的话；否则(7)if possible如果可能的话(8)ifso如果这样的话时事阅读7阅读提示在一项基于了解南极冰盖会对上升的气温做出怎样反应的研
30、究中，科学家们意外地发现 在南极的中心有三个大峡谷。Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a centuiy, but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery. Now, Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, and the UK has published the m
31、ost detailed data yet on the continent* s subglacial topography near the South Pole.As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, central Antarctica is home to three large canyons, one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points. The researchers made the
32、discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole, a spot that isnt covered by imaging satellites. They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet, but the expansive canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.Of (he three canyons, two hadn，t been documented previously
33、. The largest, the Foundation Trough, measures 218 miles long, up to 22 miles wide, and 6.260 feet deep, putting it up there with the planet* s most impressive canyons.The discoveries are significant on their own, but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East
34、 Antarctic Ice Sheets will react to rising temperatures. Human-caused climate change has destabilized some of the continent，s ice, and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet especially has been slowly melting to the sea. If pallems continue, ihe coastal glacigis supporting the large ice she6 could 鱼” down, ca
35、using sea levels I。rise jjninimum of 10 fegt .If this happens, the canyons could be a major factor in the speed and direction of ice flow from central Antarctica to the coast.The event isnt likely to happen in the near future, but further study of Antarctica* s topography will allow scientists to be
36、tter predict when it might.1. Which of the following scientists have known little?A. The shape of Antarctica.B. The condition of Antarctica ice.C. The beneath of Antarctica ice.D. What Antarctica looks like.答案：C2. What* s the aim of the study?A. To know rising temperatures effect on ice.B. To find t
37、he sizes of three canyons.C. To find whether the ice is becoming thin.D. To know how some Antarctic ice is appearing.答案：A, 当词汇积累冰川下的地形峡谷冰盖广阔的使不稳定1. subglacial topography2. canyon n.3. ice sheet4. expansive adj.5. destabilize v.国难句剖析画线句句意：如果这种模式继续下去，支持大冰原的沿海冰川可能会下降，导致海平面至少上升10英尺。分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中if引导条
38、件状语从句；supporting the large ice sheets 为现在分词短语作定语修饰名词短语Ihe coastal glaciers；现在分词短语causing sea levels to rise a minimum of 10 feet为现在分词短语作结果状语。高考阅读会阅读提示穿皮草通常是环保主义者所反对的事情，然而一个时装展却通过推广皮草来促进由海狸 鼠的毛制成的皮草贸易。实际上，海狸鼠已经泛滥到与人势不两立的程度，它们给湿地和生 态环境造成了巨大的破坏。（2020全国卷 II ）Whcn you were trying to figure out what to bu
39、y for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn, t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion （时装） enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria （海狸鼠）.Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in
40、different styles.，1、殁10）杰一1黑乂蚊坦卜地。奥侬迅二6般&匚=期11舔5出13生倒211。 Ihanh。jiu 肾 ia_a应 dcsliQying.yq 必一型etlandsyea上一二一fay&C工Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters D|S5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutr
41、ia were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-native species （物种）.Its destroying the environment. It* s them or us, “ says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when t
42、he market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says iUs not easy.tQ_onyince people. that nutria, fur is green, but he has.uo doubt about it, Hunters bring in more than 3(X),0(X) n
43、utria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then thereJ s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt-free option (hat (hey can wear without someone throwing paint on them I think (haf s going to be a massive thing, at l
44、east here in New York.M Resjgnei J殳nnlfelLAnderSQn admiB it iQQk hcr a WhileJQ CQm2 aHMndJQJhUOpinion that using nutria fur for her crcacions is morallX且QQ殳 Shes trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.1. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New
45、Orleans and Brooklyn?A. To promote guilt-free fur.B. To expand the fashion market.C. To introduce a new brand.D. lb celebrate a winter holiday.答案：A2. Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B. Nutria are an endangered species.C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized
46、animals.D. Nutria arc illegally hunted.答案：A3. What does the underlined word “collapsed“ in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Boomed.B. Became mature.D. Crashed.C. Remained stable.答案：D4. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A. Itt s formal.B. It* s risky.C. If s harmful.D. H
47、* s traditional.答案：B,鱼词汇积累昂难句剖析1.enthusiast n.爱好者；热心人2.showcase vt.展现3.promote vt.促进：促销4.eco-friendly adj.环保的句意：Righteous Fur的项目主管克里麦克雷说：“谈论没有负罪感的皮毛听起来很 疯狂除非你知道海狸鼠每年都在破坏大片湿地。”分析：unless引导条件状语从句句意：他说，让人们相信海狸鼠的毛是绿色环保的并不容易，但他对此亳不怀疑。分析：第一个it充当形式主语句意：设计师詹妮弗安德森承认，她花了一段时间才接受了在她的作品中使用海狸 鼠毛皮是道德上可以接受的观点。分析：it takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费某人多长时间