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1、人教2019新版必修一 Unitl一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式或根据句子含义用适当词组填空。1.1 prefer reading books written by Lao She to(watch)TV series based on his novels.【答案】watching【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我更喜欢读老舍的书，而不是看根据他的小说改编的电视剧。分析句子可 知，preferto是固定搭配，之后接动名词形式，表示“喜欢而不喜欢”。符合本句语境。故填 watching o2. For new reporters, this can seem like a(challenge
2、) task.【答案】challenging【解析】考查词性转换，句意为：对于新记者来说,这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务。设空处前有冠词，后 有名词，根据句意应使用形容词形式，表示“有挑战性的，故填challenging。3.1 would often get(confuse)when I came across new words.【答案】confused【解析】考查形容词。句意：当我遇到新单词时，我经常感到困惑。根据上文get及句子主语I,可知此处 为ed结尾的形容词confused做表语，表示感到困惑的”，故填confusedoShe decided to go back to colle
3、ge(advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves:nursing.【答案】to advance【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她决定回到大学去开展她的事业，并能更好地支持她的家庭，同时做一 些她喜欢做的事情：护理。分析句子可知，“开展她的事业”是她回到大学的目的，句中应用动词不定式作 目的状语，“advance”意为“开展，推进”,动词词性,不定式符号一。”后接动词原形。故填toadvance。4. He going to share with us
4、 the challenges and(responsibility)of his work.【答案】responsibilities【解析】考查名词。句意：他将与我们提供他工作中的挑战和责任。设空处和challenges并列作宾语，并 且是可数名词，要用复数，故填responsibilities.5. While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as(schedule),there can be no guarantee of connections between trains orbetween train
5、services and bus services.【答案】scheduled【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然昆士兰铁路公司尽一切努力确保列车准时运行，但无法保证列 根据下文“They will either take you up or down.”他们耍么带你上去耍么带你下来，可知，你朋友的态度就 像电梯的按钮 like the buttons on a lift 呼应 up or down.应选 F.六、完形填空Afraid to have a start,! was walking slowly into my first school in America.I had 11 a
6、 long way from India in order to join parents.They had been here for three years,and hoped America would help my future.My father decided that I would go to school here,so I found a local high school in my new town.With 2 on one hand and fear on the other,! arrived at the classroom.Everyone eyes wer
7、e on me as I entered the classroom.Without paying attention to them,I went straight to the 3 and asked if it was the right class.With a 4 voice,he answered,uYes. His voice comforted me a little.He gave me a piece of 151 called “course requirements”,which I would never get in India.Then he asked me t
8、o choose where I would sit.I chose the【6】 closest to the door instead of the corner where all of the boys were sitting.! didnt【7】 want to pick a seat.In India,the teacher 8 seats,so I never needed to worry about that.I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the picture produced by the overhea
9、d projector（投影仪）.9 it was my first day,I was confused about which hallway to use,but I 10 to get to my classes without asking anyone.I was very confused about when I would have 11. It was noon when I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered.I went through the normal process of asking the
10、 teacher if I was in the right class.Feeling 12 ,she said, “That is the lunch bell.I felt a little awkward.Without another word,! headed for the cafeteria（食 堂）.At the end of the day,I was on my way to the bus stop.I realized that all the L 13 was like the difficulty I had to 14 to reach my goal.I【15
11、 my bus and sat down inside happily.I said to myself:Today isnt so bad.1 A. traveled B. increased C. walked D. planned2 A. anger B. anxiety C. doubt D. sadness3 A. worker B. classmate C. teacher D. trainer4 A. deep B. familiar C. strict D. soft5 A. book B. paper C. notice D. tool6 A. seat B. directi
12、on C. table D. goal7 A. generally B. suddenly C. honestly D. actually8 A. kept B. repaired C. arranged D. took9 A. Though B. When C. Since D. Before10 A. feared B. refused C. allowed D. managed11 A. gifts B. lunch C. fun D. chances12 A. surprised B. excited C. frightened D. challenged13 A. failure B
13、. thought C. confusion D. amazement14 A. put away B. get through C. build up D. show off15 A. saw B. missed C. drove D. waited【知识点】学校生活学校人员记叙文【答案】111 AB2 CD14 BA15 DC16 C101 D11 BA12 C【14】B【15】A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在美国新学校的生活，虽然发生了一些尴尬的事，但是 随着时间的推移，作者交了一些朋友，开始喜欢上了新学校。1考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了和父母团聚，我从印度远道而来。A.
14、traveled旅行；B.increased增加；C.walked 行走；D.planned计划。根据下文“a long way from India”可推知，作者和父母团聚，从印度旅行了很远来 到美国。应选A项。【2】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我来到教室，一方面感到焦虑，另一方面感到恐惧。A.anger愤怒；B.anxiety焦 虑；C.doubt疑惑；D.sadness悲伤。根据下文“on one hand and fear on the othe”可推知，作者第一次去 上学，一方面感到焦虑，另一方面又感到恐惧。应选B项。3 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有理会他们，我直接走向老师，问老师我是
15、不是走对了班级。A.worker工人；B.classmate 同学；C.teacher 老师；D.trainer 教练。根据下文 “asked if it was the right class” 可推知，作者 是在询问老师自己是不是走对了班级。应选C项。4 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他用温柔的声音回答：“是的。A.deep深的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.strict严格 的；D.soft温柔的。根据下文uHis voice comforted me a littlev可推知，老师温柔的声音让作者感到了一点 抚慰。应选D项。5 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我一张题为“课程要求”的纸，这
16、是我在印度永远得不到的。A.book书；B.paper 纸；C.notice 布告；D.tool 工具。根据上文 “a piece of” 以及下文 ucourse requirementsv 可推知， 老师给了作者一张题为“课程要求的纸。应选B项。6 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选择了离门最近的座位，而不是所有男孩都坐在的角落。A.seat座位;B.direction 方向；C.table 桌子；D.goal 目标。根据上文 “Then he asked me to choose where I would sit.” 可知，老师让 作者选座位，所以此处指作者选择了最靠近门的座位。应选A项。7
17、 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我实际上不想选座位。A.generally通常；B.suddenly突然；C.honestly真诚地; D.actually实际上。根据下文aI never needed to worry about thatv可知，作者在印度从不担忧座位的问题, 因此他其实并不想选位置。应选D项。【8】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在印度，老师安排座位，所以我不必担忧。继续；B.repaired修理；C.arranged 安排；D.took携带。根据下文I never needed to worry about that可推知，作者在印度不用担忧座位的问 题，是因为座位都是被安排好了的。
18、应选C项。9 考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我第一天上课，我不知道该走哪条走廊，但我没问任何人，试着找到 了自己的班级。A.Though尽管；B.When在。时候；C.Since因为；D.Before在以前。根据下文“it was my first day v以及“I was confused about which hallway to use”可推知，这两句之间是因果关系，因为这是 作者去上学的第一天，所以作者不知道该走哪个走廊。应选C项。10 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我第一天上课，我不知道该走哪条走廊，但我没问任何人，试着找到 了自己的班级。A.feared害怕；B.refus
19、ed拒绝；C.allowed允许；D.managed尝试。根据上文的“but”可推 知，此处指作者设法在不问任何人的情况下自己找到了教室。应选D项。11 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我不确信什么时候该吃午饭。A.gifts礼物；B.lunch午饭；C.fun乐趣； D.chances机会。由下文中的“That is the lunch bell.”可推知，作者是在学校，因为不熟悉时间安排,所以 对什么时候吃午饭感到很困惑。应选B项。12 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她感到很惊讶，说：“那是午餐铃J A.surprised惊讶的；B.excited激动的; C.frightened 害怕的；D.c
20、hallenged 伤残的。根据上文 asking the teacher if I was in the right class v 以及下 文“I felt a little awkward.”可知，作者认为是上课的铃声，后来老师告诉他那是午饭的铃声，因此听到作 者的问题老师应该是感到惊讶的。应选A项。13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到所有的困惑像是我到达目标必须克服的障碍一样。A.failure失败； B.thought 想法；C.confusion 困惑；D. amazement 惊异。根据上文 “ Iwas confused about which hallway to use”
21、 以及“I was very confused about when I would have lunch”可推知，作者一天都是经历各种各样的“困惑”。 应选C项。14 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我意识到所有的困惑像是我到达目标必须克服的障碍一样。A.put away抛弃；B.get through 度过；C.build up 增进；D.showoff 炫耀。结合语境，根据上文 “the difficulty I had” 以及下 文“to reach my goal”可推知，此处指作者必须渡过难关来到达自己的目标。应选B项。15 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到了我要坐的公共汽车，高兴地在车里坐
22、了下来。A.saw看到；B.missed错 过；C.drove驾驶；D.waited等待。通过下文“sat down inside happily”可推知，作者看到了自己要坐的公 交车，非常开心地坐在里面。应选A项。七、书面表达假定你是李华，你的朋友Sim写信告诉你他沉迷于打篮球，每天花很多时间打球，结果家庭作业不能 准时上交。父母和老师很不满，要他放弃这个爱好，他很生气。根据以下提示，请你就Simon的问题给他 提一些有用的建议。1 .认真计划好自己的时间；2 .不要放弃自己的爱好，但也不要忘记学习；3 .保持学习和爱好之间的平衡。注意：1 .词数80左右；4 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
23、。【知识点】申请/请求建议【参考答案】Dear Simon,Thank you for your letter.You say you dont have enough time to do your homework I think youd better plan your day carefully.lt will be a good choice to make a list of all the homework you have to do.This will give you an idea of how much free time you can have to play b
24、asketball. Don*t give up your hobby but do not forget about your study, either. You should keep a balance between study and bobby.I hope my advice will be of some value to you.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写信给自己的沉迷于篮球而忽略学习的朋友Simon一些建 议。【详解】词汇积累感谢：thank you/thanks/I really appreciate it足
25、够的：enough二adequate建议：suggestion=advice有价值的：be of value二二be valuable句式拓展简单句变为复合句原句：You say you dont have enough time to do your homework 拓展句： You say you dont have enough time to do your homework,which bothers you recently.【点睛】高分句型 1 .It will be a good choice to make a list of all the homework you ha
26、ve to do.（运用 了 it 充当形式 主语的固定结构，和省略that的定语从句）【高分句型 2 This will give you an idea of how much free time you can have to play basketball.（运用 了定语 从句）车之间或火车服务和公共汽车服务之间的连接。在状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为 it,且从句中包含be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。分析子可知，“as (schedule)”是句中 方式状语从句，原句为“as it is scheduled”，从句中主语为it,且有be动词is,符合状
27、语从句省略条件，省 略itis后，保存过去分词scheduled。故填scheduledo7. The Palace Museum in Beijing has been well developed in the last few years,(attract)tens of thousands of tourists every year.【答案】attracting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：北京的故宫博物院在过去几年开展良好，每年吸引数以万计的游客。分 析句子结构可知attract在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The Palace Museum构成主动关系，故用 现在分词作状语
28、。故填attracting。1.1 prefer(go)out and be out.【答案】to go【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我更喜欢出去玩并呆在外面。此处为短语prefer to do sth.,表示“更喜欢做 某事”。故填tog。9 .不是我就是他们要对那件事的结果负责。Either I or they the result of the matter.【答案】 are responsible for/take responsibility for【解析】考查主谓一致和短语。对负责用be responsible for或take responsibility for。Eitheror
29、或者 或者连接的代词做主语，谓语用就近原那么。空格与they最近，谓语动词用复数，表示现在的事情，用一般 现在时。故翻译为 are responsible for/take responsibility for。10 .他们关注的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。They keeping their soil rich and free of disease.【答案】focuson【解析】考查固定短语，结合句意表示“关注，聚焦”，可知使用短语focuson,根据句子含义应使用一般 现在时态，故填focuson。二、重点语法精练：冠词专题Beijing is capital of China and i
30、t is city with many places of interest.【答案】the, a【解析】考查冠词。句意：北京是中国的首都，它是一个有很多名胜古迹的城市。第一空特指中国的首都，用the；第二空泛指一个有很多名胜古迹的城市，用a。故填the和a。1. For a long time they walked without saying word.Jim was the first to break silence.【答案】a, the【解析】考查冠词。句意:走了很长时间他们都没说话，Jim先打破了沉默。without saying a word意为“什 么也没说 是固定搭配；第二
31、空特指说话之前的沉默，故用定冠词the。故填a和the。2. The teacher told us that Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in world.【答案】the, the【解析】考查冠词。句意：老师告诉我们太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。Pacific Ocean和world都表示独一 无二的事物，故其前应用定冠词the。故填the和the。2.1 cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left city.I only remember it was Monday.【答案】the, a【解析】考查冠词。
32、句意:我记不起Robinsons具体什么时候离开这座城市的，我只记得那是一个周一。 city表示特指，第一空应用定冠词the；第二空是专有名词（Monday）转化为普通名词，泛指“某个星期一1 其前用不定冠词a。故填the和a。5. Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor,my fathers advice was most important one.【答案】the, the【解析】考查冠词。句意：我决定成为大学教授的所有原因中，我父亲的建议是最重要的一个。根据“for my decision tobec
33、ome a university professor，可知，第一空应用定冠词表特指；形容词的最高级之前一般用定 冠词，所以第二空仍然用定冠词。故填the和the。6. What pity that you couldnt be there to receive prize!【答案】a, the【解析】考查冠词。句意：你不能去那儿领那个奖，太遗憾了。What a pity that.是固定句型，意为“真遗 憾“，故第一空填a；第二空特指说话者所指的那个奖项，应填the。故填a和the。7. Marys birthday party was great success.We sang and da
34、nced until it came to end at ten.【答案】a, an【解析】考查冠词。句意：Mary的生日宴会非常成功。我们又唱又跳直到10点才结束。a success在此意 为“一件成功的事“；come to an end意为“结束”，为固定短语。故填a和an。8. Lets go to cinema - thafll take your mind off the problem for while.【答案】the, a【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们去看电影吧，那样你会稍微放松一点。go to the cinema是固定搭配，意为 “去看电影”;forawhile也是固定搭配,
35、意为“一会儿。故填the和a。9. -Its said John will get a job paying over $60000 year.-Right,he will also get paid by week.【答案】a, the【解析】考查冠词。句意：据说John将会有一份年薪超过60000美元的工作。一没错，他还会按周领工 资。ayear相当于per year,意为“每年;by后面接具体的表计量单位的名词(如hour, year,dozen,yard,pound) 时应加定冠词。故填a和the。10. It was cold winter night and the moon wa
36、s shining brightly in night sky.【答案】a, the【解析】考查冠词。句意：那时一个寒冷的夜晚，月光照耀着夜空。第一空，要用不定冠词泛指“一个寒 冷的冬夜”；第二空，sky是独一无二的事物，其前应用定冠词；且night sky特指前面提到的晚上的天空。 故填a和theo三、课文改写语法填空Hi,my name is Adam,andl am 1 freshman at the high schooL 2 (actual),there are a lot of new things in my new school.However.one of the 3 (in
37、terest)things is about joining a club.Students can choose from 4 (difference)club.such as the Nature Club,the Science Club,the Debate Club and the Volunteer Club,We 5 (advise)by our teachers that we should make 6 (choose)according to our interests.1 am interested in music but I dont like dancing.Sol
38、don want 7 (join)the Art Club.I have a good friend,Ted.He 8 (decide)to be a member of the Science Club 9 he is alwaysgoing for scientific discoveries.His hobby isjust 10 I like,too.So I decided to join the same club. 【知识点】兴趣社交 【答案】【1】aActually2 most interestingdifferent 5 are advised6 choicesto join
39、7 has decidedbecause8 what【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了高中新生Adam对加入高中俱乐部的相关介绍。【1】考查冠词。此处泛指一名新生，freshman的首字母发音是辅音，使用不定冠词a。故填a。12考查副词。句意：实际上，在我的新学校里有很多新事物。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。这 里作者告诉我们这样一个事实,actually意为“事实上，实际上”。句首应首字母大写。故填Actually。【3】考查形容词最高级。句意：然而，最有趣的事情之一是加入俱乐部。“oneof+the+形容词最高级+ 名词复数”是英语中最高级的固定搭配，表示“是中最之一”。形容词intere
40、sting意为 “有趣的”，此处填其最高级形式most interestingo故填mostinteresting.4考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，根据空格后面的名词club可知，此处要用形容词。形容词different 意为“不同的，故填different。【5】考查被动语态。句意：老师建议我们根据自己的兴趣做出选择。根据空后的by our teachers可知 应使用被动语态，被动语态的构成为“be+动词过去分词”，且文章中使用的都是一般现在时，因 此此处使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are advisedo考查名词的数。make choice动作的逻辑主语是we,可知此处的“选择”是多种的
41、，因此使用名 词复数形式。故填choices。6考查不定式。句意：所以我不想加入艺术俱乐部。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事，是固定搭配， 故填 to join.18 考查时态。句意：他已决定成为科学俱乐部的一员。根据文章最后一句So I decided to join the same club.使用的是一般过去时按照逻辑关系可知，是Ted先觉得加入科学俱乐部，然后我再和他做出 相同的选择。因此此处应使用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造 成的影响，现在完成时的形式是由“have/has+过去分词构成，主语是第三人称单数形式He,故填 has decided
42、o9考查连词。句意：他决定成为科学俱乐部的一员，因为他总是追求科学发现。空前：他决定成为 科学俱乐部的一员；空后：他总是追求科学发现。可以判断出空后是空前的原因，因此使用because 引导原因状语从句。故填because。10考查表语从句。句意：他的爱好也是我喜欢的。分析句子可知，所填空引导表语从句，并在从句 中充当like的宾语。what在引导表语从句时，指物，在从句中作动词like的宾语。故填what。四、阅读理解1. You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.Even if you know some fre
43、shmen（新）:you still feel nervous that you dont know any upperclassmen or teachers.How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces?Most high schools hold a freshman orientation before school actually starts,which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building a
44、nd get to meet some of your teachers,but also because you get to meet fellow freshmen.That way,when you show up on your first day of school,you may already recognise a few familiar faces.When you talk to your new classmates,you*ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are.TheyYe
45、 all new to the school and dont know what to expect.Talking about a common concern with them can help you develop friendships.The work in high school is something that freshmen are probably worried about.The work in high school builds on what you learnt in middle school, giving you a more advanced k
46、nowledge of many subjects.So you may find you have more work to do or that its a bit more challenging.If you ever find your work too difficult,teachers can give you extra help.High school also has more extracurricular activities than middle school does such as clubs,music and theatre groups and spor
47、ts teams.This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.High school gives you the chance to learn how to manage your time,to develop your social skills and interests,and more importantly to be more independent and responsible.1 What does the underlined wordorientationmean in Paragr
48、aph2?A.Training.B.Game.C.Discussion.D.Examination.2 What are freshmen probably worried about?A.The learning task.B.The ability to make friends.C.The relationship with teachers.D.The freshman orientation.3 Extracurricular activities mainly help studentsA.build up healthy bodies B.develop friendshipsC.develop the interests D.improve their learning ability4 Who is t