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1、宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句&表语从句表语从句表语从句表语从句Doing your best is more important than being the best.竭尽全力比成为最好更重要竭尽全力比成为最好更重要我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。MydreamisthatIcanenterakeyuniversity.我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。ThatIcanenterakeyuniversityismydream.IhaveadreamthatIcanenterakeyuniversity.我有一个梦想我能进入一所
2、重点大学我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。IalwaysdreamthatIcanenterakeyuniversity.NounClauses多多 由由 that,wh-疑疑 问问 词词 或或whatever等词引导等词引导主语从句、主语从句、Subject clause 宾语从句、宾语从句、Object clause 表语从句表语从句、Predicative clause 同位语从句、同位语从句、Appositive clause名名词词性性从从句句Whetherhewillcomeornotisunknown.Idontk
3、nowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Thequestioniswhetherhewillcomeornot.Thequestionwhetherhewillcomeornotisnotsettled.She said，“I did my homework.”She said that she had done her homework.He asks,“Are you interested in English?”He asks if I am interested in English.“What do you want?”They asked me.They asked m
4、e What I wanted.把下面直接引语变为间接引语把下面直接引语变为间接引语宾语从句宾语从句请找出请找出宾语从句宾语从句eg.（1）WeknowthatMr.GreenteachesEnglish.（2）Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.（3）Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid.宾语从句主要内容宾语从句主要内容：一、引导词一、引导词二、语序二、语序三、时态三、时态四、宾语从句的虚拟语气四、宾语从句的虚拟语气由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,
5、what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）引导词1 12 23 31.Ihear_hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid_hemissedusverymuch.3.Theteachertoldus_theearthmovesaroundthesun.4.Theybelievein_shemuststillbesingle.5.Iknownothingabouthimexcept_heislivinginBeijing.6.Ithinkitnec
6、essary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.7.Wefounditstrange_noonewouldtakethemoney.(that)(that)(that)thatthatthatthat注：注：that that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略当成分，在口语当中往往省略当当that在在except,inexcept,in，but,besidesbut,besides等介词之后等介词之后等介词之后等介词之后时时,不能省略。不能省略。it常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think,find,consider,b
7、elieve,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语正的宾语that从句则放在句尾从句则放在句尾注注 意意1.由由that 引导的两个及两个以上的宾引导的两个及两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句的引导词语从句时，第一个宾语从句的引导词可以省略，但其他的可以省略，但其他的that不能省略。不能省略。She promised(that)she would come and see him,and that she would never forgot him.1.Iwanttoknow_hewillgototheparkwithus2.Couldyoutellme
8、_MrLiliveshere?if(whether)if(whether)if/whether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。等后。3.Imthinkingof_wecangofishing.4.Theyaskedme_togoskating.5.Idontknow_hesfreeornot.6.Tellme_youdliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.7._thisistrueornot,Icantsay.whetherwhetherwh
9、etherwhetherWhether1.在介词后面，只能用在介词后面，只能用whether。2.在动词不定式在动词不定式to do前，前，whether+to do3.当与当与or not连用，或有两种选择时。连用，或有两种选择时。4.当宾语从句放在句首时。当宾语从句放在句首时。Practice time if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I wonder _ he is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont kno
10、w _ to go.if/whetherif/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether1.Heasked_.(谁能回答这个问题）谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_.4.Doyouknow_?5.Pleasetellme_.（他在哪里）（他在哪里）6.Idontknow_.whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingfor whosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwellhaveameeting whe
11、reheis由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。他们在等谁他们在等谁这个班谁的自行车最好这个班谁的自行车最好我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会我应该选哪件裙子我应该选哪件裙子Which skirt I should choose Practice1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eithe
12、rB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC5.I think _ he will be all right in a few days.A.what B.that C.how D.if6.T
13、hey wonder _ he will come tomorrow.A.that B.what C.if D.which7.I didnt know_ book it is.A.who B.that C.whether D.whose8.I do mind _ they are speaking to.A.why B.how C.whom D.whichB.C.D.C.9.Pay attention to _ the teacher said.A.how B.why C.what D.when10.Tell me _ class you are in.A.what B.if C.that D
14、.which11.Would you please tell me _ I can get to the station?A.that B.how C.why D.what12.The doctor wanted to know_ Tom was ill.A.that B.whose C.where D.whyCDBD二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswh
15、enwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）判断下列哪一句是正确的判断下列哪一句是正确的1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.
16、whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis5.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenaway
17、fromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaBD Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what,who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is?做主语做主语做表语做表语三、时态三、时态宾语从句的时态：宾语从句的时态：1.1.主过从必过
18、主过从必过2.2.主现从随便主现从随便3.3.真理永一现真理永一现1.（主主主主过过过过从从从从必必必必过过过过）如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态（一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过过去去将将来来时时，过过去去完成时）。完成时）。vIknewwho_(live)here.vIsawshe_(be)talkingwithhermother.vHe asked whether his father _(come)backtomorrow.vHesaid
19、thathe_(see)it.时态时态主过从过主过从过livedwaswouldcomehadseenvIknowheliveshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vI have heard that he will cometomorrow.时态时态2.（主现从随便主现从随便主现从随便主现从随便）主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任）主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，何时态，根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。主将主现从实际主将主现从实际Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastn
20、ight.3.（真理永一现真理永一现真理永一现真理永一现）从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、）从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。客观真理永不
21、变客观真理永不变一般过去有时间一般过去有时间1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Ihearthey_(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)will be goes have returned had been rises四、宾语从句的虚拟语气四、宾语从句的虚拟语气表示表示“建议建议、命令、
22、要求、决定、主张、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后等动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形动词原形”，其中，其中should可以省略，这类动词有可以省略，这类动词有“insist,order,demand,require,request,advise,command等等”e.g.1.Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbe(be)thereontimebyanymeans.2.Isuggestthatyoushouldkeep(keep)thebalancebetweenyourstudyandentertainment.将下列句子
23、合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.Hesaidthathewasd
24、oinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Homework1.完成长江作业本上完成长江作业本上P41-P422.记记unit 2全部单词全部单词6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.Couldyoutellmeho
25、wIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.The predicative Clauses 表语从句S+V+C(主主+系系+表）表）表语是指跟在表语是指跟在系动词系动词后面的成分，后面的成分，说明主语的状态、特征、身份状态、特征、身份等。可当表语的有形容形容词、名词、分词、介词短语词、名词、分词、介词短语等。The doctors seemed very capable.The library is now closed.Th
26、e tape recorder is on the table.January is the first month of the year.He looks impatient.存在存在：be,look,feel,seem,appear,taste,sound持续持续:remain,keep,stay,continue变化变化:become,turn,grow,get1.Thequestionisthatheislostinthecitynow.2.HisfirstquestionwaswhetherMr.Smithhadarrivedyet.3.Theproblemwaswhocouldd
27、othework.4.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.5.Histroubleiswherehecanfindanewjob.主语主语+系动词系动词+引导词引导词+陈述句语序陈述句语序6.Itlookedasif/thoughitwasgoingtorain.7.Itisjustasyoulike.可以接表语从句的可以接表语从句的系动词系动词有：有：1：表存在：表存在：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)appear2:感官动词：感官动词：feel,seem,look,sound,taste,smell3:表持续：表持续：stand,lie,
28、remain,keep,stay4:表变化：表变化：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall,prove,turnout 由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when,because引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由从属连词由从属连词 asif/asthough引导的表语从句引导的表语从句表语从句系动词后面系动词后面1.Thetruthisthatheha
29、sneverbeentothecountryside.2.ThequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheexperimentbyFriday.3.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.实际情况是他从未去过农村实际情况是他从未去过农村that一般不省略一般不省略表语从句只用表语从句只用whether问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验.好象看上去要下雨似的好象看上去要下雨似的.(其实不会其实不会)asif/asthough从句常表示不真实的情况从句常表示不真实的情况Shetalksasif/asthough
30、shehadbeentherebefore.她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的.asif/asthough引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气asif/asthough引导的表语从句可用虚拟语气，引导的表语从句可用虚拟语气，常用的系动词有常用的系动词有look，seem，taste，smell，sound等。等。Itseemsasthoughthemeetingwouldneverend.ShefeltasifHarrietwereamemberofherownfamily.Itseemsasiftheaccidenthadhappenedyest
31、erday.(其实不是在昨天其实不是在昨天)(其实不是其实不是)(其实不是其实不是)注意：注意：在在asif,asthough等引导表语从句中等引导表语从句中,表示与事实相一表示与事实相一致时致时,要用陈述语气。要用陈述语气。如：如：Itlooksasifwellbelate.看起来我们似乎要迟到了。看起来我们似乎要迟到了。Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad.这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。精典名题精典名题Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrok
32、enC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken引导词引导词that在表在表“建议，劝说，命令建议，劝说，命令”的名词的名词advice，suggestion，order，proposal，request,plan，idea 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气气“should+动词原形动词原形1)Myopinionisthatitsgettingbetterandbetter.2)Thefactwasthathedidntreallytry.3)Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)tellhim.4)Mysuggestion
33、isthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.because，why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句那是因为他不理解我。那是因为他不理解我。Thatsbecausehedidntunderstandme.那就是他不理解我的原因。那就是他不理解我的原因。Thatswhyhedidntunderstandme.填填空空:Thereasonwhywedidnttrusthimis_hehasoftenliedreason做做主主语语时时，表表语语从从句句只只能能用用that引引导导,不不能能用用why引导。句型结构为：引导。句型结构为：thatThatsbecause强调原因强调
34、原因Thatswhy强调结果强调结果Thereason(why/for)is/wasthat.Thereasonisthat注意下列表语从句中注意下列表语从句中where,how,why的译法的译法1.This is _LuXunoncelived.2.That was _ theywonthematch.3.This is _ shegotupsoearlythismorning.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.This is where Th
35、is is why This is how.这就是这就是的地方的地方这就是这就是的原因的原因这就是这就是的方法的方法wherehowwhy5.as 像像一样一样It is just as you like.Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上的那样。事情并不总是像表面上的那样。1.我们就是这样克服困难的我们就是这样克服困难的.2.那就是他昨天缺席的原因那就是他昨天缺席的原因.3.这就是我们上星期碰头的地方这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.Thisis/Thatwashowweovercamethedifficulties.Thatis
36、whyhewasabsentyesterday.ThisiswherewemetlastSunday.1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis_theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger_shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when5.The reason
37、_ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because6.Air is to us_ water is to fish A.is that B.what C.which D.that7.-Dad,can you give me some advice?-Why not try your luck downtown,Bob?Thats _ the best jobs are.A.where B.what C.when D.why 8.-Are you still th
38、inking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats _.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlema
39、niswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman3.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein4.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that5.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto6.Doyouknow_?A.w
40、hatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis7.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike8.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike2
41、2.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do_Icantosavethem.A.WhateverB.that C.whichD.whichever28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThatsbecauseD.Itshow