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1、选修部分选修部分选修选修6Unit16Stories主题:人与社会子话题:人物、历史事件、文化渊源等对应教材:必修5Unit13People;选修6Unit16Stories;选修8Unit24SocietyStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2020浙江高考)I experiencedyears of loneliness as a child.My older brother couldnt bebotheredtoplaywithme.Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterests were far di
2、fferent from mine.With no other kids of my age in theneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbegan early as my mother read to me every evening.I loved the colorfulphotographsinthebooks.Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetoth
3、epubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduated from typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.Iwasntaloneanylonger.MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftove
4、rcardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.Ilearned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them intosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowa
5、ntedtomakethingswithme.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.Theyreallmemorie
6、sItreasuretoday.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与故事有关的单词或短语。_experience,tease,babysit,bymyself,love,colorful,read,ononesown,library,encourage,creation,form,treasure2.简单描述一下最令你难忘的童年趣事。_Mychildhoodiscolorful,butwhatIlikemostisplayinghide-and-seekwithmysister.Throughhide-and-seek,Iunderstand:nomatterwhatwedo,weshouldfac
7、edifficultieswithapositiveattitude.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblem.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.abandonvt.放弃,遗弃;沉湎于(某种情感)n.U放任,放纵教材原句Itlookedabandoned.(P5)它看起来被遗弃了。【词块必记】(1)abandononeselfto沉溺于,纵情于abandondoingsth.放弃做某事(2)withabandon纵情地,放任地(3)abandonedadj.被遗弃的,废弃的;无约束的beabandonedto沉湎于【知识拓展】abandon的同义词有dese
8、rt,giveup,quit等。【语境速测】单句语法填空These_(abandon)childrenhavenowgotafuture.Manypeopleabandonthemselvesto_(shop)ontheInternet.句式升级HeabandonedhimselftotheInternetgamesanddidntpasstheexam._,hedidntpasstheexam.(现在分词短语作状语)_,hedidntpasstheexam.(过去分词短语作状语)abandonedshoppingAbandoninghimselftotheInternetgamesAband
9、onedtotheInternetgames2.preservevt.保护,保存;维护n.动植物保护区教材原句Inaway,Pompeiiislikea“timecapsule”preservingafrozenmomentinhistory.(P6)从某种程度上来说,庞培(古城)如同一个“时间舱”,保存了历史上一个被封存的瞬间。【词块必记】(1)preservesb./sth.fromsth.保护免受preservesth.+adj.把某物保存得(2)preservation n.保护,保存【误区释疑】preserve与reserve词形相似,但reserve意为“保留;预订”。【熟词生义】
10、ShedecidedtomakepeachpreservesforChristmasgifts.她决定为圣诞节制作桃子果酱。()果酱果酱【语境速测】单句语法填空Theyweredeterminedtopreservethesechildrenfrom_(hurt).Itsdifficult_(preserve)yourdignitywhenyouhavenojobandnohome.Moremoneyisneededforthe_(preserve)ofhistoricbuildingsandmonuments.句式升级Becausetheyarewellpreservedinthenatur
11、epreserve,pandasliveahappylife._,pandasliveahappylife.(过去分词短语作状语)beinghurttopreservepreservationWellpreservedinthenaturepreserve3.witnessvt.目击;见证vi.为作证n.目击者;证人教材原句AroundtheendofthefirstcenturyAD,aRomanwritercalledPlinywroteaboutaterriblevolcaniceruptionthathehadwitnessedasayoungman.(P6)大约公元一世纪,一位名叫普
12、利尼的罗马作家描述了他在年轻时亲眼看见的一次火山爆发的可怕情景。【词块必记】(1)witnessfor为作证witnessto(doing)sth.证明/作证(做)某事(2)beawitnessto目击,看见;为提供证据give/bearwitnessto为作证,证明【误区释疑】witness作动词时,常用拟人化的方式陈述事实,即用事物名词直接作主语,表述既简洁又形象。有类似用法的动词还有see,find等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Hisgoodhealthisawitness_thesuccessofthetreatment.Thedriverwitnessedto_(see)themane
13、nterthebuilding.Hewillbethelawyertowitness_you.完成句子Thepast30years_Chinasrapiddevelopment.过去的30年见证了中国的快速发展。tohavingseenforhaswitnessed【写作金句】Asweknow,recentyearshavewitnessedgreatchangestakingplaceinChina,particularlyinBeijing,TianjinandShanghai.众所周知,近年来,中国发生了巨大的变化,尤其是在北京、天津和上海。4.occur(occurred,occurr
14、ed)vi.发生;出现;被想起教材原句TheeruptionhadoccurredonAugust24th,79AD.(P6)火山喷发发生在公元79年8月24日。【词块必记】sth.occur(s)tosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that.某人突然想起Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事【误区释疑】occur意为“发生”时不用于被动语态和进行时态,其同义词有happen,takeplace,comeabout,breakout等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Agoodideaoccurred_mewhenIwokeupthism
15、orning._neveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.完成句子Itdidntoccurtome_.当时我没有想到向你求助。toIttoaskyouforhelp【写作金句】Itsuddenlyhit/occurredtomethattraditionalcultureliketeaculturewasofgreatcharmandhugevalue.我突然想到,茶文化这样的传统文化具有极大的魅力和巨大的价值。5.significancen.重要性;意义;意思教材原句.Chinesenamescana
16、lsohavesignificanceaccordingtotheirsounds.(P8)中国人的名字也可以根据它们的发音变得有意义。【词块必记】(1)beof(great/no/little)significanceto.对(很/不)重要(to是介词)attach(great)significanceto认为(很)重要(to是介词)(2)significantadj.重要的;明显的significantlyadv.有重要影响地;显著地;意味深长地【知识拓展】常见“be+of+抽象名词”的短语:beofsignificance=besignificantbeofimportance=beim
17、portantbeofvalue=bevaluablebeofhelp/use=behelpful/useful【构词法】significan(t)+-ce(名词后缀)=significancen.重要性;意义;意思【语境速测】单句语法填空Wearesupposedtoundertaketheresponsibilitytoleadalow-carbonlifestyle,whichisofgreat_(significant).Astimegoesby,Iattachmoresignificanceto_(do)whatIamdoingnow.Lastbutnotleast,healthis
18、alsovery_(significance)tousstudents.句型转换Asweallknow,waterisverysignificanttohumanbeing.Asweallknow,water_tohumanbeing.significancedoingsignificantisofgreatsignificance【写作金句】Most significantly,Id appreciate it if I could learn some basic composingknowledgethroughyourlecture.最重要的是,如果我能通过您的讲座学到一些基本的作曲知
19、识,我将不胜感激。6.discouragevt.使泄气,使灰心;阻止,劝阻教材原句.shewasalsodiscouragedbecauseshemissedherhomeinnorthernEngland.(P8)她也因为想念她在北英格兰的家而灰心【词块必记】(1)discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事(2)discouragementn.阻止;泄气;挫折(3)discouragedadj.泄气的;气馁的be/getdiscouraged变得灰心,泄气discouragingadj.令人泄气的【构词法】dis-(否定前缀)+courage=discouragevt
20、.使泄气,使灰心;阻止,劝阻【语境速测】单句语法填空Wediscourageyoufrom_(smoke)exceptinspecificareas.Itsvery_(discourage)thateverytimeItrytorideabicycle,Ifalloff.Ialsohadfriendswhogavemeagreatdealof_(encourage).smokingdiscouragingencouragement完成句子Hisparentstriedto_anactor.他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。Ihad_inthiscityyesterday.昨天我在这座城市有一次令人沮
21、丧的经历。discouragehimfrombeingadiscouragingexperience.核心短语eacross偶然遇见;被理解教材原句I came across an interesting name story when I visited my cousin in HenanProvince.(P8)在看望河南省的表妹时,我偶然听到一个关于名字的有趣的故事。【词块必记】comeout出现;出版;(花)开放;结果是comeabout发生comeup发生,出现,走近;被提出(不用被动)comeupwith提出;想出cometo总计;达到(某状况);苏醒whenitcomesto(
22、doing)sth.当谈及(做)某事【语境速测】单句语法填空Assoonastheprojectcame_atthemeeting,itattractedmanypeoplesattention.Isthisyournecklace,Mary?Icame_itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.Tomistheonlyoneoftheengineerswhohascomeup_thesolution.Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_?upacrosswithabout完成句子_,Isuggestthatyoulearnab
23、unchofpronunciationrulesfirst.当谈到如何说一口流利的普通话(Mandarin)时,我建议你先学学基本的发音规则。WhenitcomestohowtospeakfluentMandarin8.holdup支撑起;延误,延迟,耽搁;举起,抬起教材原句Shebecamequitefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspensionbridgesduringthebuildingprocess.(P8)当在建桥的过程中她发明了一种支撑吊桥的新方法的时候,她变得非常出名。【词块必记】holdback阻挡,抑制,控制holdon挂
24、断;坚持住holdonto抓住不放;坚持;保留holdout伸出;坚持;提供;维持【语境速测】单句语法填空Toshowthis,sheheld_onechopstick,representingoneperson.Iheld_myhandtosupporther.Shetoldthespeakertohold_foramoment.完成句子Shemanagedto_.她抑制住了自己的怒火。Myfathersaidthatifwebelievesomethingwastrue,weshould_.父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的,就应该坚持。upoutonholdbackherangerholdon
25、toit.经典句式9.ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplexwordawordforsomethingshecouldnttouch.这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词一个她触摸不到实物的词。【典型例句】ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenabroad.这是我第一次出国。【句型公式】(1)Itwasthefirsttimethat.“这是(某人)第一次”,that引导的从句用过去完成时,此处that可省略。(2)It/That/Thisis/wasthefirst/second/.time(that).是一固定句
26、型,表示“这是第一次/第二次”。当主句用was时,从句用过去完成时;当主句用is时,从句用现在完成时。【误区释疑】Thefirst/second/.time引导时间状语从句时,主从句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时。【语境速测】单句语法填空Itisthethirdtimethathe_(hold)anartexhibition.Itseemedtohimthatthiswasthefirsttimehe_everreally_(see)hismother.ThefirsttimeI_(visit)theWestLake,Iwasattractedbyitsbeauty.Itwasthefirstti
27、methatthey_(have)apicnicandenjoyedthemselves.hasheldhadseenvisitedhadhad【写作金句】ThefirsttimeIreadthebook,Iwasattractedbyit.我第一次读这本书时,就被其吸引住了。【备选要点】1.burstvi.爆炸;冲,闯;突然发生n.爆发,突发教材原句Thebuildingexplodedbecauseagaspipehadburst.(P7)建筑物爆炸是因为煤气管道爆裂。【词块必记】(1)burstinto/in突然闯进;破门而入burstout突然迸发;爆发burstintotears/l
28、aughter=burstoutcrying/laughing突然大哭/大笑burstwithanger/joy/grief勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝(2)aburstof一阵【误区释疑】短语burstin中的in是副词,后面不接宾语;而burstinto后接宾语。【语境速测】单句语法填空Withtheplaygoingon,sheburstout_(sing).Heburst_theroomwhilewewerestudying.Hisappearanceontheplatformwasgreetedwithaburst_applause.完成句子Seeingherclassmates_b
29、ecauseofherfoolishmistakes,she_.看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑,她突然哭了起来。singingintoofburstoutlaughingburstintotears【写作金句】Iagaincouldnthelpburstingintotearsofjoy.我又情不自禁地喜极而泣。2.admirableadj.令人敬佩的;极佳的教材原句Herfatherthoughthewasadmirablebecausehebuiltbridgesyoucanreallycounton.(P8)她的父亲认为他令人钦佩,他修建了你真正可以依赖的桥梁。【词块必记】(1)a
30、dmirevt.钦佩;羡慕;赞美admiresb.forsth.佩服某人的(2)admirationn.敬佩;羡慕withadmiration羡慕地;赞赏地【构词法】admir(e)+-able(形容词后缀)=admirableadj.令人敬佩的;极佳的【语境速测】单句语法填空Theschoolisadmired_itsexcellentteaching.Ihavegreat_(admire)forherasawriter.完成句子Idontagreewithher,butI_stickingtoherprinciples.我不同意她的意见,但是我赞赏她坚守原则。ShespeaksEnglis
31、hsowellthatherfriendsarefilled_.她的英语说得好极了,她的朋友都赞美不已。foradmirationadmireherforwithadmiration【写作金句】Itisherfriendlinessandthesenseofresponsibilitythatmakemeadmireher.正是她的友善和责任感让我佩服她。3.severeadj.严重的;严厉的;剧烈的教材原句Withthesesevererestrictionsonhercommunication,Helensbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.(P10)因为交流上有这些严
32、重的障碍,海伦的行为经常令人难以忍受。【词块必记】(1)beseverewith/on.对严格/严厉(2)severelyadv.严重地【熟词生义】Herhairwasshortandsevere.她头发不长,也没什么花样。()过于简朴的过于简朴的【语境速测】单句语法填空Washismothertoosevere_him?Anyonebreakingthelawwillbe_(severe)punished.完成句子Theparty_duringthelastelection.该党在上次选举中遭到惨败。Thecourts_youngoffenders.法庭对少年犯的处罚趋于严厉。on/with
33、severelysufferedseverelossesarebecomingmoresevereon/with4.restrictionn.限制,约束教材原句Withthesesevererestrictionsonhercommunication,Helensbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.(P10)因为交流上有这些严重的障碍,海伦的行为经常令人难以忍受。【词块必记】(1)restrictionn.限制,约束make/placerestrictionson限制speedrestrictions速度限制(2)restrictvt.限制,限定;约束restrictone
34、sfreedom限制某人的自由restrict.to.把限制在(to是介词,后跟名词或动名词)【构词法】restrict+-ion(名词后缀)=restrictionn.限制,约束【语境速测】单句语法填空Thegovernmentplaced/maderestrictions_thenumberofforeigncarsthatcouldbeimported.Irestrictmyself_onecupofcoffeeaday.Thegovernmenthasagreedtolift_(restrict)onpressfreedom.ontorestrictions完成句子We_thenumb
35、erofstudentsperclass_30.我们将每个班学生的人数限定为30。Havingsmallchildrentendsto_.有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。restricttorestrictyourfreedom【文化金句】AsfarasIamconcerned,corruptionisavoidablewiththerestrictionoflaw.在我看来,腐败是可以通过法律的约束避免的。5.eageradj.渴望的,热衷的教材原句.shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.(P11)她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽
36、可能多地使用它。【词块必记】beeagerforsth.渴望某物beeagertodosth.渴望干某事beeagerforsb.todosth.渴望某人做某事beeagerthat.(should)dosth.渴望(从句多用虚拟语气)【思维拓展】“渴望”的表达还有longfor.,bereadyfor.,beanxiousfor/to.等【语境速测】单句语法填空WhenIwasintrouble,Iwaseager_yourhelp.Iwaseager_(get)backtoworkassoonaspossible.Theforemaniseagerthatalltheworkers_(co
37、me)ontime.句式转换Imeagerformoreinformationaboutyouractivity.Imeager_aboutyouractivity.Heiseagerforhisparentstobuyanewbike.Heiseagerthat_anewbike.fortoget(should)cometogetmoreinformationhisparents(should)buy【文化金句】Onoccasion,aneagerChinesehostmayplacefoodintoyourbowloronyourplate.有时,热情的中国主人会把食物放进你的碗里或盘子里
38、。6.expandv.扩大,扩充;使膨胀;详述教材原句As Helens knowledge and vocabulary expanded,she asked more and morequestions.(P11)随着知识不断拓展、词汇不断丰富,海伦问的问题越来越多。【词块必记】(1)expand.into.把扩展/发展成expandinto.扩展/膨胀成expandon/uponsth.详述某事;充分叙述某事(2)expansionn.扩张,扩大;膨胀【熟词生义】Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforhertoexpand.我重复这个问题等待她的详述。()详述详
39、述【语境速测】单句语法填空Couldyouexpand_thatpoint,please?Thecompanyhasabandonedplansforfurther_(expand).完成句子Aschildrengrowolderthey_andbecomemoreconfident.随着孩子的成长,他们的兴趣会变广,且会变得更自信。Helater_hisstatement.他后来详细陈述了他的声明。Theteacheraskedstudentsto_astory.老师要求学生们将一句话扩展成一个故事。on/uponexpansionexpandtheirinterestsexpandedon
40、/uponexpandasentenceinto7.counton依靠,指望;期望教材原句Herfatherthoughthewasadmirablebecausehebuiltbridgesyoucanreallycounton.(P8)她的父亲认为他令人钦佩,因为他建造了你真正可以信赖的桥梁。【词块必记】countonsth./sb.指望/依靠某事/某人countondoingsth.指望做某事countonsb.todo/doingsth.指望/依靠某人做某事count.in/out包括/不包括countdown倒计时countsb./sth.as/tobe.认为某人/某物是【思维拓展】
41、表示“指望,依靠”的短语还有dependon,relyon,figureon,它们后跟宾语从句时一般要用it作形式宾语,然后再接that从句。【语境速测】单句语法填空Thewholeteamwascounting_me,butIletthemdown.Wearecounting_thedaystotheendofthissummerholiday.Ifyouaregoingouttonight,youllhavetocountme_.Hecountsonhisparents_(take)careofhischildren.ondownouttotake/taking一句多译我们只能依靠他来营救
42、我们。Wecanonly_.Wecanonly_.countonhimtorescueus/rescuinguscountonitthathewillrescueus8.NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜,她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。【典型例句】Nowthatyouhaveagoodchance,whycantyougraspit?既然你有一个好机会,为什么你不能抓住它?【句型公式】(1)nowthat“既然
43、,由于”,引导原因状语从句,相当于since,that可以省略。(2)引导原因状语从句的常用词还有:because,as,since,inthat,seeingthat,considering(that)等。ImluckyinthatIvegotfoursisters.我很幸运,因为我有四个姐妹。Seeingthathesbeenoffsickallweekhesunlikelytocome.他请病假整整一周了,所以他不大可能来。【语境速测】单句语法填空Theyhavemaderemarkableprogress,_(consider)thattheyonlystartedlastweek._
44、(see)thathewasworkinghard,heachievedgreatsuccess.Shewasfortunate_thatshehadfriendstohelpher.完成句子_,Idontneedtoexplainit.既然你已知道了真相,我就没有必要解释了。consideringSeeinginNowthatyouhaveknownthetruthStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020江苏高考)LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthan_(abandon)them,openeda
45、miniworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.2.(2020全国卷)Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthat_(occur)billionsofyearsago.3.(2020全国卷)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowerscarriesspecial_(significant).abandoningoccurredsignificance4.(2020天津高考)Howshouldyoustart?Modestly,soasnottobecome_(dis
46、courage).5.(2020浙江高考)By9:33am,aburst_additionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.discouragedofB.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Onmywayhome,Icame1._abeggar.Hewaslyingontheground,coldandhungry.Obviously,hewaseagerforfoodandwarmth.Hetoldushehadbeen2._(abandon)byhisson.Allofuscouldntputup3._hissonsbadbehavior.Wealldidnt
47、figure4._whythisphenomenon5._(occur)inourharmonioussociety.Nowthatweallwillgetold,whynotletourparentscountonus?Inordertohelpusrealizethe6._(significant)ofrespectingtheoldandcherishingtheyoung,ourheadteacherledustoalocalnursinghometoservetheelderly.Butonourway7._thenursinghome,weacrossabandonedwithou
48、toccurredsignificancetosufferedsomeunpleasantthings.First,wewereheld8._inatrafficjamonthefreewayforthreehours.Thenoneofourtiresburst,whichmadeusevenmore9._(discourage).However,whenwearrivedatthedestinationtoservetheoldman,weallfeltveryhappy,becausethehappyexpressionontheoldmansface10._(witness)every
49、thingwehavedone.Whatameaningfulthingthisis!Onlyinthiswaycanoursocietybemoreharmonious!updiscouragedwitnessed.短文改错(2019全国卷)I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutal
50、mosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.Toeveryonessurprising,theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.Fromnowon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.答案:1.【解析】第一句:interesting改为interested。