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1、选修选修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection主题:人与自然子话题:环境保护对应教材:必修3Unit7TheSea;选修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章Take.Take.Take.Therelationshipbetweenamotherandachildalwaysseems to follow such a pattern.Like a child endlessly asking,we humans,throughouthistory,havebeencontinuallydemanding
2、whatwedesirefromnature.Weenjoythecomfortandbeautyofourfurniture,yetweneverbothertothinkabouttheserioussoillosscausedbydeforestation.Wetakeitforgrantedthatwemustwarmourselvesinwintertimes,yetweseldomrealizetheburningawayofpreciousnaturalresources.Weappreciatealltheprosperityfromthedevelopmentofmodern
3、industry,yetfewwouldgivetheslightestconsiderationtotheglobalairandwater pollution caused by industrial wastes.Our ruthless exploitation haspermanentlyimpairedourmotherearth.Whileenjoyingmaterialcivilization,wecannothelpthinkingofourposterity.Natureisnotonlythemotherofthepresentgeneration,butalsothem
4、otherofthegenerationstocome.Howseverelyourdescendantswillcriticizeusifweleavethemabarrenandlifelessmother?Howmuchmoretheywillappreciateusifwegivethemaworldofharmonytoinherit?Letusstartrespectingandcaringfornaturefromnowon.Letusstartthecampaignofcreatingamutuallybeneficialrelationshipbetweenpeopleand
5、naturerightfromthismoment.Withthisnewstart,wefirmlybelievethatourchildren,andourchildrenschildrenwillliveinabrand-new age of green trees,clean air,crystal water,blue sky and an even morepromisingworld!.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与本单元话题有关的词汇。deforestation,naturalresources,harmony,soilloss,industrialwastes2.写出文章中的
6、优美句式。Wetakeitforgrantedthatwemustwarmourselvesinwintertimes.Withthisnewstart,wefirmlybelievethatourchildren,andourchildrenschildrenwillliveinabrand-newageofgreentrees,cleanair,crystalwater,blueskyandanevenmorepromisingworld!Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.trapvt.使困住;诱捕;诱骗;n.陷阱;圈套【典型例句】Thefirefightersweretryin
7、gtorescuethosetrappedintheburninghotel.消防队员正尽力挽救那些被困在失火旅馆中的人们。【词块必记】betrappedin.被困在中fallintothetrapofdoingsth.落入做某事的圈套中set/layatrapfor 为设圈套【思维拓展】表示“被困于中”的短语还有:be/getlockedin./be/getstuckin.be/getcaughtin./be/getblockedin.【语境速测】单句语法填空Someminers_(trap)undergroundafterthecollapse.Shesurvivedinthewilder
8、nessbyeatingberriesand_(trap)smallanimalsandbirds.句式升级Hewastrappedinthetrafficjam,hehadtobepatient,waiting.(句型转换)_,hehadtobepatient,waiting.weretrappedtrappingTrappedinthetrafficjam【写作金句】You should not always make comparison with others;otherwise,you may betrappedindepression,fortherearealwaysothers
9、whoarebetterthanyou.你不要总是和别人攀比,否则你可能会陷入忧郁之中,因为毕竟有许多人比你强。2.adoptvt.采用,收养【典型例句】Theteacheradvisedtheboy,whoalwaysfailstorememberthenewwords,toadoptaneffectivewayoflearningvocabulary.老师建议那个总是记不住生词的男孩,应采取一种有效的方法来学习词汇。【词块必记】(1)adoptonessuggestion/idea/approach采纳某人的建议/意见/方法(2)adoptedadj.收养的,领养的;被采用的(3)adop
10、tionn.收养,领养【语境速测】单句语法填空Thesuggestion_(adopt)byuswasputforwardbyayoungman._(adopt)byanoldman,theboybegantoleadahappylife.完成句子Pupilsshouldbehelped_theenvironment.应帮助学生对环境采取积极的态度。Shewasforced_.她被迫把婴儿给人收养。adoptedAdoptedtoadoptapositiveapproachtotohaveherbabyadopted3.meansn.方法,手段【典型例句】Asisknowntousall,Ko
11、besucceededbymeansoftraininghard.众所周知,科比通过努力训练取得了成功。【词块必记】bymeansof借助的手段byallmeans当然可以;一定;务必byanymeans无论如何;以任何方式bynomeans决不,一点也不(置于句首,其后倒装)【语境速测】单句语法填空Onlyby_meansisitpossibletopersuadehim.Theyhavetriedallmeans,whichpossibly_(be)helpful.完成句子Televisionis_communication.电视是一种有效的通信手段。句式升级(用倒装句)Wewillnev
12、ergiveup.Bynomeans_.thisareaneffectivemeansofwillwegiveup4.considerateadj.想得周到的,体贴的【典型例句】SinceIamnowpreparingfortheCollegeEntranceExamination,mymotherisveryconsiderateofme.因为我现在正在准备高考,妈妈对我很体贴。【词块必记】(1)considerdoingsth.考虑做某事considersb.(tobe/as)sth.认为某人是allthingsconsidered综观一切,将一切考虑在内(2)consideration
13、n.考虑;考察takesth.intoconsideration把考虑在内(3)considerable adj.相当大的;相当多的【语境速测】单句语法填空Iseriouslyconsidered_(resign).Sharesandbondscanbringonequitea_(consider)additionalincome.Itwasvery_(consider)ofyoutosendmeapostcard.resigningconsiderableconsiderate句式升级Hetookalltheaspectsintoconsiderationanddesignedagoodpa
14、ttern._,hedesignedagoodpattern.(现在分词)_,hedesignedagoodpattern.(独立主格)TakingalltheaspectsintoconsiderationAlltheaspectstakenintoconsideration.核心短语5.leadto引起,导致,造成(后果);通向【典型例句】Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.虚假火警是非法的,可能会导致监禁。【词块必记】leadsb.tosth.引领某人leadsb.todosth.引导某人做某事leadtheway领路;处于
15、领先地位leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走leada.life过着的生活leadtoaconclusion得出结论【语境速测】单句语法填空Hardworkleadstosuccess.Lazinessleadsto_(fail)theexam.Iwanttoknowwhatledyou_(take)upactingasacareer.Theoldcoupleleadahappylifenow.【写作金句】AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。failingtotake6.answerfor(对已产生的不良后果)负责任【典型例句】Onedayyoullhavetoa
16、nswerforthis.你总有一天要为此负责任。【词块必记】answerback顶嘴,反驳inanswerto=asareply作为回应;作为对的回答【语境速测】单句语法填空Thedoctorcameatonceinanswer_myphonecall.Stopansweringyourmother_!完成句子Idontquiteknowwhattosay_yourquestion.我不知道该怎么回答你的问题。tobackinanswerto7.refer(to)涉及,提及;谈到;参考;查阅;指,意即教材原句Globalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseinth
17、eEarthstemperaturethat,inturn,leadstoclimatechange.(P6)全球变暖指的是地球温度平均增长,继而导致气候变化。【词块必记】refertothedictionary/notes查词典/笔记referencen.提及;征求;查阅makeareferenceto提到,谈到referencebook参考书【语境速测】写出下列句中referto的含义Dontrefertothismatteragain,please._Youmayrefertoyournotesifyouwant._Excuseme,whatdothesewordsinbracketsr
18、eferto?_完成句子Imentionthispointnowinpassingand_again.这一点现在顺便提一下,以后还会讲到。提及提及查阅查阅指的是指的是shallrefertoit【写作金句】Forfurtherinformation,pleaserefertothetableonthefollowingpage.欲了解更多信息,请参阅下页的表格。.经典句式8.Giventhisdata,itseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鉴于这些数据
19、,看起来人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。【句型公式】本句中given为介词,意思为“鉴于,考虑到,假如”。itseemsthat.中it是形式主语,意为“看起来”。这类连词还有:considering(that)鉴于,考虑到seeingthat既然,鉴于【语境速测】单句语法填空_(give)thathesupportsus,wellwintheelection._(consider)hewasstillaboy,Iforgavehim._seemsthattheyaretalkingaboutsomething.【写作金句】Nothingisasgoodasitseems
20、beforehand.期待比现实更美好。GivenConsideringIt9.Thelastfewyearshaveseenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.近几年一些环境灾难大规模出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。【典型例句】Theyear1886witnessedthefirstextendedtranslationintoEnglishofthewritingsofEliphasLevi.1886年,埃利法斯莱维的作品第一次有了长篇英译本。【句型公式】句中thelastf
21、ewyears作主语,see作谓语,意为“经历;目睹”,这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。类似用法的词还有:witness,find等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Thelast30years_(witness)therapiddevelopmentofChina.TheNationalDayofthisyear_(see)somanytrafficjamsontheexpressway.havewitnessedsaw【写作金句】Ourcountryhaswitnessedtherapidgrowthofeconomy.我们国家已经见证了经济的快速发展。【备选要点】1.substituten.代
22、替品,代用品v.用代替;取代;替换【典型例句】Wesubstitutedaredballforbluetoseeifthebabywouldnotice.我们用红色的球代替蓝色的球,看孩子是否会注意到。【词块必记】asubstituteforsb./sth.的代替者/代用品substituteAforB=substituteBwithA用A代替B【语境速测】单句语法填空Inthisareapeopleoftensubstitutehoney_sugar.Sheoften_(substitute)absentteachersintheirSpanishclasses.【写作金句】Nothingc
23、ansubstitutefortheadviceyourdoctorisabletogiveyou.你的医生所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。forsubstitutes2.reservevt.储备;保存;保留;预定,预约n.保护区;储备【典型例句】Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorphelsicereserveswillnotlastforever.气候变化是一个持续的过程,所以诺菲尔的冰储量不会永远持续。【词块必记】(1)reservesth.forsb./sth.为某人/某物保留、预定某物(2)inreserve贮存;备用(3)reservation
24、n.保留;预定makeareservation预定(座位、房间等)withoutreserve/reservation毫无保留地(4)reservedadj.预定的,保留的bereservedfor留作,(专)供之用【语境速测】写出下列句中reserve的词性及含义IdprefertoreservemyjudgementuntilIfindalltheevidence._IcannotgetthebookIwantbutcanIreserveit?_Firstly,aneffectiveway,Ithink,istoreservewaterinascientificwayforfutureus
25、e._vt.保留保留vt.预定预定vt.储备储备JiuzhaigouValleyisanaturereservelocatedinChinasSichuanProvince._完成句子Idlike_foreightoclock.我想预定八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。n.保护区保护区toreserveatableforthreeStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveled_theevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforth
26、em.2.(2019江苏高考)Howcanwebridgetheever-wideninggapthatseparatesus_otheranimals?tofrom3.(2019北京高考)AtthisyearsI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbooka_(reserve)withoutdetection.4.(2019全国卷)Besuretostayontopic
27、andnotoffer_(relevant)information.5.(2019江苏高考)Walkingupright_(result)inphysicalsufferings.reservationirrelevantresults6.(2020浙江高考)Thetractorwasrestingagainstthecrashbarrierinthecentral_(reserve),havingmiraculouslycrossedthebusyroadwithfast-flowingtraffic.reservation.语法填空Inthelastfewdecades,scientist
28、shavereachedconsensusandreportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarthsclimate.Theyclaimthatinthelast50yearsgases1._(pump)intotheEarthsatmospherebythefactoriesandvehicleshavebeenaffectingourclimate.Butwhatexactlyisglobalwarming?Globalwarming2._(refer)toanaverageincreaseintheEarthstemperaturethat
29、,3._turn,leadstoclimatechange.Overthelast100years,theglobalaveragetemperature4._(increase)by1Fandmanyexpertsinsistpumpedrefersinhasincreasedthat5._blameforthisglobalwarmingcanmostlybepinnedonhuman6._(activity).Thelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesand7._(rise)globaltemperaturesisnot8._(mere)acoincidence.9._w
30、econtinuetoproducecarbondioxideandothergasesinsuchhugequantities,wewillthreatenalllifeonEarth.Governmentsallovertheworldhavetheresponsibility10._(reduce)theemissionofcarbondioxide.Expertsadvocateeachpersonplaytheirpart.theactivitiesrisingmerelyIftoreduce.短文改错(2021郑州模拟)DuringtheSpringFestival,myclass
31、matesandIvisitedtheNursingHomeinourcity.Theelderlypeoplehereexpressedtheirwarmwelcomeforusarrival.Webroughtthemsomefruitsandflower.Thenwesetouttocleaningthewindows,sweepthefloors,washtheirclothesandsoon.Weallworkedveryhardly.Afterthat,wesatdown,chatwiththemhappily.Theytoldtousmanyoldinterestingstori
32、esandwesharesomerecenthottopicswiththem.Threehourshadpassedsinceweknewit.Atendofourtrip,theysaidwehadmadetheirday.【答案】1.【解析】第二句here改为there。此处表示敬老院的老人,应是远指,所以用there。2.【解析】第二句us改为our。此处表示他们对我们的到来表示热烈欢迎,应用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词arrival。3.【解析】第三句flower改为flowers。根据前面的“somefruits”可知此处应用复数flowers。4.【解析】第四句cleaning
33、改为clean。setouttodo.开始着手做,所以应该用clean。5.【解析】第五句hardly改为hard。此处表示“我们都干得很卖力”,应用hard“努力地”,而hardly意为“几乎不”。6.【解析】第六句chat改为chatting。分析句子结构可知sat是谓语,chat前没有并列连词and,所以只能用非谓语动词形式chatting。7.【解析】第七句去掉to。tellsb.sth.“告诉某人某事”,tell为及物动词,所以去掉to。8.【解析】第七句share改为shared。分析句子结构可知,and连接前后两个并列句。前半句中的谓语是过去式told,所以后半句中应是share
34、d。9.【解析】第八句since改为before。此处句意是“不知不觉三个小时已经过去了”,所以是在我们意识到之前,三个小时已经过去了,应用before。10.【解析】第九句end前加the。attheendof“在结束的时候”,所以应加the。【易错误区】(1)误导原因:相似,如:here这there那hard努力地 hardly几乎不代词的误用,如:us宾格;our形容词性物主代词混淆固定搭配,如:setouttodotellsb.sth.名词数的错误;动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词。(2)去伪存真:口诀动词形,名词数还要注意形和副代词格,细领悟介词短语常常出冠词连词常光顾Step4直击高考
35、培养思维品质核心素养培养学生保护自然环境、自然资源的意识;帮助学生进一步了解人与环境、人与动植物的关系以及人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解C、阅读填句,2020新高考全国卷完形填空,2020浙江高考完形填空,2019浙江6月高考阅读理解C;2019北京高考阅读理解D;2019天津6月高考阅读理解C;2018浙江高考阅读理解B;2018浙江高考阅读理解C;2018全国卷阅读理解C.话题与阅读理解(2020全国卷阅读理解C)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidayli
36、st,furprobablydidntcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefurunlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaare
37、destroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdownth
38、erecanthandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).Itsdestroyingtheenvironment.Itsthemorus,”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLou
39、isiana.Hesaysitsnoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMoutonsjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.ThentheresRighteousFurandits unusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear wi
40、thout someonethrowingpaintonthemIthinkthatsgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.Shestryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.【文章大意】时装设计师正在把海
41、狸鼠的皮毛做成时装进行促销,这不是犯罪。因为海狸鼠属于美国的外来物种,它们正在毁坏着美国的环境和生态系统。1.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段CreeMcCree说的话“谈论没有罪恶的皮毛听起来很疯狂除非你理解每年海狸鼠正在毁坏大片的湿地。”可以推断,在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办
42、的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。故选A。2.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.Itsformal.B.Itsrisky.C.Itsharmful.D.Itstraditional.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Morgan说的话“为了给人们一种无罪恶感的选择,那就是他们可以穿海狸鼠皮毛时装,没有人会指责他们我认为指责是大规模的事情,至少在纽约是这样的。”可以推断出,在纽约穿皮毛时装会遭到严厉的反对,所以在纽约穿这样的衣服是很冒险的。故选B。【微技能点拨】快速定位信息巧解推理判断题本文中第1题为
43、推理判断题,根据策略解题如下:Step1确定题干关键词:purpose.inNewOrleansandBrooklynStep2回到原文准定位:回到文章第二段,从地点NewOrleansandBrooklyn入手,找到关键句unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear每年海狸鼠正在毁坏大片的湿地,所以举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。所以可以推断,在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。故选_。A【语用提能】话题词汇environmentalist,ecologists
44、,eco-friendlydestroy,environment短语comeupwith提出熟词新义 promote促销【微语法填空】(2020全国卷阅读理解C改编)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Different1._ourtraditionalthoughts,someecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfur2._(make)fromnutria(海狸鼠),3._soundscrazy.frommadewhichThereasonforthisisthatt
45、henutria4._(destroy)vastwetlandseveryyearcurrently.5._(bring)fromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild,6._cat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoption7._theycanwearwithoutsomeone8._(throw)paintonthemisgoingtobeamassivething.Tomakeit9._(moral)acceptable,someonesuggestscomingup
46、withalabeltoshow10.itiseco-friendly.aredestroyingBroughtthethatthrowingmorally.话题与写作环保问题近来也是热门话题。写作示范:近年来雾霾(haze)频发,已经严重地影响了人们的生活。假定你是李华,请根据以下提示用英语给校报写一封信,谈谈你对雾霾现象的认识。危害:1.对身体有害;2.容易引发交通事故。建议:1.政府应该提高大众的环保意识;2.大力提倡公众植树造林;3.绿色出行注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Step1写作技巧题目研读这是一封信,对雾霾现象发表自己的意见或看法,多用夹叙夹议的写
47、作方法,使短文说理透彻,论述有力。一般可分为两部分:第一部分:对提示内容或现象进行描述。第二部分:对问题的认识或看法以及应采取的措施。1.词汇及其要点信息(1)对身体有害_(2)采取措施减少雾霾_(3)提高大众的环保意识_doharmtopeopleshealthtakemeasurestoreducethehazeraisepeoplesawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment2.一句多译我国雾霾频发,给我们的生活造成了极大的危害。(1)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which_peoplesheal
48、th.(2)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which_peopleshealth.(3)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which_peopleshealth.hasdonegreatharmtoisquiteharmfultoisofgreatharmto3.句式升级(1)只有用这种方法,我们才能把我们自己从雾霾中拯救出来。(倒装句)_fromthehaze.(2)政府有必要提高人们的环保意识。(Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.)_raisepeoples
49、awarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.OnlyinthiswaycanwesaveourselvesItisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoStep2妙笔成篇Deareditor,Inrecentyears,severehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,whichhasdonegreatharmtopeopleshealth.Manytrafficaccidentshappenedinhazeweatherandsomepeopleevengotinjuredorlosttheirlives.
50、Nowthatwehaverealizedthegreatharmcausedbythehaze,weshouldtakemeasurestoreduceit.Itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoraisepeoplesawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.Inaddition,peopleshouldgotoworkbybusorbybikeifpossibleinsteadofdrivingaswellasplantmoretreestocleanthepollutedair.Onlyinthiswaycanwesaveourse