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1、Unit11TheMediaStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2019全国卷阅读理解C)Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly,newspapers were read almost only by rich pe
2、ople in politics or the trades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.The trend,then,was toward the“penny paper”a term referring to papersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.It
3、meantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprintersofficetopurchaseacopy.Street
4、saleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapennyusuallytwoorthreecentswaschargedandsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublicsfancy,andsoontherewouldbe
5、papersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企业)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballr
6、olling.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与媒体有关的单词。_2.写出文章中的优美句式。_newspaper,subscription,annual,audience,appeal,public,copy,reader,development,printer,purchase,sale,fancy,trend,publisher,businessInaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolli
7、ng.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.demandvt.要求,请求;需要n.要求;需求(量),需要教材原句Reformshavebeendemandedbypeoplefromallovertheworld.(P22)世界各地的人民都要求改革。【词块必记】(1)demandtodosth.要求做某事demandsth.ofsb.向某人要求某事demandthat.(should)dosth.要求做某事(2)meet/satisfyonesdemands满足某人的要求indemand非常需要的;受欢迎的(3)demandingadj.要求高的;要求严格的【误区释疑】demand与介词
8、in和on都可搭配,但意义不同:indemand有需要的,受欢迎的;ondemand一经要求【语境速测】单句语法填空Myfathercamedownstairsanddemanded_(know)whatwasgoingon.TheUNhasdemandedthatalltroops_(withdraw).Yesterdayevening,thecouplecametomyhouseanddemandedhelp_me.完成句子They_thecompany(should)givethemanexplanation.他们要求公司给他们一个解释。Intheunusualhotsummer,air
9、conditionerswere_.在这异常炎热的夏天,空调的需求量极大。toknow(should)bewithdrawnofdemandedthatingreatdemand2.employvt.雇用;聘请;使忙于;使从事于教材原句Newspapersandmagazinesarewillingtopayhighpricesforphotographsoffamouspeopletakenbytheseself-employedphotographers.(P24)报纸和杂志愿意为自由职业的摄影师拍摄的名人照片出高价。【词块必记】employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事employ
10、sb.as雇用某人作为employoneselfin=beemployedin从事【构词法】employ+-ment(名词后缀)employmentn.使用;职业;雇用employ+-er/-eeemployern.雇主,老板/employeen.雇员【语境速测】单句语法填空Hehasbeenemployed_writinganewbookthesedays.Graduatesarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttofindan_(employ).Anumberofpeoplehavebeenemployed_(deal)withthebacklogofwork.i
11、nemploymenttodeal句型转换Shehasbeenemployedinmakingpreparationsforthecomingfinalexamallmorning.She_preparationsforthecomingfinalexamallmorning.hasemployedherselfinmaking【写作金句】Yourtimecouldbeusefullyemployedinattendingnightclasses.你的时间可以被有效地利用来上夜课。3.attemptvt.&n.尝试,试图教材原句Butsometimes,thepaparazzigotoofar
12、intheirattempttogetthebestphotographs.(P24)但是,有时候狗仔队因想拍摄(效果)最好的照片而做得太过分了。【词块必记】(1)attempttodosth.=trytodosth.=seektodosth.试图做某事(2)inanattempttodosth.为了做某事makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.企图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试(3)attemptedadj.企图的,未遂的【思维拓展】attempttodosth.相当于trytodosth.,意为“试图做某事”,但不一定成功;而succeedindoin
13、gsth./managetodosth.意为“成功地做某事”。【语境速测】单句语法填空Theboysmadeanattempt_(leave)forcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.Notmanypeoplecananswerthisquestion_thefirstattempt.Shewaschargedwith_(attempt)murderofherhusband.句式转换I_,butinvain.(attemptvt.)I_,butinvain.(attemptn.)toleaveatattemptedhaveattemptedtoconvinc
14、ehimhavemadeanattempttoconvince/atconvincinghim【写作金句】Peoplewereattemptingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.人们努力互相帮助,迎接挑战。4.respectvt.尊敬,尊重n.细节;方面;敬意;问候教材原句Themediashouldrespectfamouspeoplesprivacy.(P25)媒体应该尊重名人的隐私。【词块必记】(1)respectsb.forsth.因某事而尊重某人(2)have/showrespectforsb.尊重某人give/sendonesrespectstos
15、b.向某人表达问候outofrespectfor.出于对的尊敬withrespect受到尊重地(3)inall/manyrespects在各个方面/在许多方面inrespectof=withrespectto关于;关心;尊敬respectto关于;关心;尊敬【熟词生义】Thenewleaderhaspromisedtorespecttheconstitution.()新的领导人承诺遵守宪法。遵守遵守【语境速测】单句语法填空Inaddition,youshouldshowrespect_alltheteacherswhounselfishlyhelpyoutogainmuchknowledge.
16、_respecttoyourothersuggestions,Iamnotyetabletotellyouourdecision.Chinesechildrengrowupwithwarningsnottowasteasinglegrainofrice,out_respectforfarmerslabor.forWithof完成句子Einsteinwasgreatly_agreatscientist.爱因斯坦作为一名著名科学家受到人们极大的尊敬。Pleasegivemy_yourparents.请代我向你父母表示问候。respectedasrespectsto【文化金句】Respectyour
17、self,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.要人尊敬,必须自重。5.concludevt.&vi.做出结论;结束;完成;断定;推断教材原句LeedsUniversityconcludedthatpeoplemadeadistinctionbetweenbadlanguageusedinprogrammesforadults,andthosemeantforchildren.(P28)利兹大学作出结论,人们对成人节目和儿童节目中使用的不良语言之间是有区别的。【词块必记】(1)conclude.from.从中得出/推断出conclude.with.以结束concludethat.
18、得出结论toconclude总而言之,最后(2)conclusionn.结论draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后,总之【思维拓展】表示“总而言之,总的来说”的常用表达还有:onbalanceinawordinshortinbriefinconclusion/toconcludetosumup等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Heconcluded_theirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.Letmeconcludemyspeech_asaying:Wherethereisawil
19、l,thereisaway.Ivecometothe_(conclude)thathesnottherightpersonforthejob.完成句子_theFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.研究者得出法国人感觉饱了以后往往不会再吃了。_,itsworthwhiletorebuildtheoldbridge.总之,重建那座旧桥是值得的。fromwithconclusionResearchersconcludethatInconclusion/Toconclude【写作金句】Itcanbeconcludedthatridingbicyclesisrea
20、llygoodforanindividualaswellasthewholesociety.可以得出结论,骑自行车对个人和整个社会都有好处。.核心短语6.infavourof支持,赞同教材原句Iminfavourofsomekindofcontrol.(P25)我支持某种控制。【词块必记】【思维拓展】表示“赞成,同意”的常用表达还有:beforagreewithagreeonagreeto等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Therewere247votesinfavour_theplanand152againstit.Shewasnotinfavour_themediajustnow.Maryask
21、edafavour_me,butIwastoobusytohelpher.完成句子_andturntheradiodownwhileImonthephone.请您帮我个忙,在我打电话的时候把收音机的音量关小。I_,soIcouldntsayno.我欠他一个人情,所以无法拒绝。ofwithofDomeafavourowedhimafavour7.standout突出,显眼教材原句Modernadvertisementsmuststandoutinaworldfullofcompetitionbycombiningthehigheststandardsofdesignwithideaslinked
22、totheproductstomakethemmoreattractive.(P26)现代广告必须把最高的设计水平和产品理念相结合,以增强吸引力,这样才能在激烈的竞争中胜出。【词块必记】standoutfrom/among.在中突出/杰出standfor代表;支持standby袖手旁观;无动于衷;支持standupforsb./sth.支持,拥护standononesownfeet自立【语境速测】单句语法填空Howcanyoustand_anddonothingwhensheneedshelp?WhatdothelettersN.B.stand_?Wemuststandup_ourrights
23、.完成句子Sheisthesortofpersonwho_.她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。Itseveneasiertofollowifweknow_.如果我们知道这些代表的是什么,它就更容易理解了。byforforstandsoutinacrowdwhatallofthosestandfor.经典句式8.However,notalladvertisingisaboutsellingproductsandservicesforaprofit.然而,并非所有的广告都是为了谋求利润而推销产品和提供服务的。【典型例句】Notallofthemknowtheanswer.(=Allofthemdontk
24、nowtheanswer.)并不是他们所有的人都知道答案。【句型公式】(1)不定代词all,both,each,every,everybody,everyone,everything;形容词complete,entire,whole;副词completely,entirely,wholly,altogether等和否定词not连用,构成部分否定。(2)不定代词none,nobody,nothing,noone,neither;副词(词组)no,never,nowhere,nomore,nolonger等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用,构成全部否定。【语境速测】完成句子Allthesebook
25、s_.这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdont_.我同意你说的大部分内容,但我并非同意你所讲的一切。_inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittotheGreatWall.在我的一生中,印象最深的就是第一次去参观长城。arenotpopularwithpeopleagreewitheverythingNothing9.TheywanttheleaderstocancelthedebtofAfricaspoorestcountriessothattheproblemstherecanbeprev
26、entedfromgettinganyworse.他们希望这些(国家的)领导人取消非洲最贫穷国家的债务,以使那个地区的问题不再恶化。【典型例句】Theteacherspeaksslowlysothathisstudentscanunderstandwell.老师讲得很慢,以便他的学生们能很好地理解。【句型公式】(1)引导目的状语从句的连词还有:inorderthat,forfearthat,incase等。(2)目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may/might,can/could,should,will等情态动词。通常主句在前,从句在后,主句和从句之间没有逗号。(3)在目的状语从句中,当主句的主语
27、和从句的主语一致时,可以把sothat或inorderthat转换成to,soasto或inorderto。【误区释疑】soasto和inorderto都可以接动词不定式,表示目的。但是要注意inorderto可放在句首,但不能拆开;而soasto一般不放在句首,但可以拆开使用。【语境速测】完成句子Theywrotethenoticesinseverallanguages_.他们把通知用几国文字写出来,以便让各国游客都能看得懂。Wearrivedearly_我们到得早,以便找到好座位。Hesworkinghard_.他一直努力工作唯恐他会失败。sothatforeigntouristscoul
28、dunderstandtheminorderthatwecouldgetgoodseats.forfear(that)heshouldfail一句多译我们坐得更靠近前台是为了听得更清楚。Wewillsitnearthefront_wecanhearbetter.Wewillsitnearthefront_hearbetter.sothatto/inorderto/soasto【备选要点】1.blamevt.责怪;归咎于n.过失;责备教材原句Well,alotofpeopleblamethemediaforencouragementofthepaparazzi.(P24)哦,很多人因为媒体对狗仔
29、队的鼓励而谴责媒体。【词块必记】(1)blamesb.for(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而责备某人blamesth.on.把某事归咎于betoblame(for.)应(为)承担责任;该(为)受责备(2)taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb./sth.把某事的责任推到某人/某事物身上【误区释疑】在betoblame(for)短语中,不定式用主动语态表示被动含义。【语境速测】单句语法填空Shedoesntblameanybody_herfathersdeath.Youshouldtaketheblame_whatyouhav
30、edone.Dontalwaysblameyourownfailure_others.Tobehonest,itwasSusfault,butLiwasalso_(blame).一句多译我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。Wecant_theaccident_theweather.(blamev.)=Wecant_theaccident_theweather.(blamen.)forforontoblameblameonput/laytheblameforon2.pretendvt.假装;装作【典型例句】Pretendingtobearepairmantogetintothehouseofafilm
31、starandtakepicturesofherdailylife.假扮成维修工进入电影明星的房子,拍摄她日常生活的照片。【词块必记】【熟词生义】Itsunwisetopretendtobearichman.假装成一个富人并不明智。()自夸自夸,炫耀炫耀【语境速测】单句语法填空Shepretended_(notknow)mewhenwemetinthestreet.Hepretendedto_(read)animportantpaperwhenthebossentered.Theapplicantpretended_(work)foranewspaperbefore.句型转换Shepreten
32、dedthatshewasnotathomewhenwerangthebell.Shepretended_athomewhenwerangthebell.nottoknowbereadingtohaveworkednottobe3.approachn.接近,逼近,走近;方法,方式;途径,通道vt.&vi.接近;靠近;接洽;要求;着手处理教材原句Formanyoftodaysadvertisers,repeatingoldideasisnotasuccessfulapproach.(P26)对于今天很多的广告人来说,重复那些已经过时的理念不是一种成功的途径。【词块必记】(1)theapproac
33、hof.的方法;的临近theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法;去某处的通道makeanapproachtosth./sb.对某事进行探讨/和某人打交道(2)approachsb.about/forsth.向某人要求某事approachsb.aboutdoingsth.要求某人做某事beapproaching快到了【思维拓展】英语中“快到了”的表达还有:becomingbearoundthecornerbeonthehorizon等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Theteacherhasdecidedtoadoptanewapproachto_(teach)English.
34、Wehavemadeapproaches_theminthehopeofestablishingabusinessrelationship.DidMaryapproachyou_lendinghersomemoney?Theshadowswerelengthenedwiththeapproach_sunset.teachingtoaboutof完成句子Thetime_whenwemustthinkaboutbuyinganewhouse.我们必须要想一想买新房子的事了,时机即将来临。_,manyshopsinBeijingaresellingValentinesDayitemstomeetth
35、eneedsofyounglovers.随着情人节的临近,北京许多商店出售情人节物品以满足年轻情侣的需求。isapproachingWithValentinesDedownto结果是,可归结为教材原句Intheend,itcamedowntoachoicebetweenParisandLondon.(P23)最后,是在巴黎和伦敦之间选择。【词块必记】【误区释疑】comedownto中的to为介词,其后跟名词或动名词作宾语。【语境速测】单句语法填空Whatitcomesdown_iswhetherwestayhereorleave.He_anoldfriendonthewayhomeyester
36、day.Howdidit_thatheleftschool?tocameacrosscomeabout完成句子Whatdoourchoicesinthismatter_?我们对这件事的选择结果是什么?_tennis,youcantbeather.说到打网球,你是赢不了她的。Thetruthisbeginningto_whathappened.所发生的事情的真相开始浮出水面。Doingmorningexercises_edowntoWhenitcomestocomeoutishelpfulto5.consistof由组成;由构成教材原句Someadvertisementsconsistofpic
37、turesorthewordsofexpertstoshowpeoplehowgoodtheproductsare.(P26)有些广告包括图片或专家的言辞,为了向人们展示这些产品有多么好。【词块必记】(1)consistof=becomposedof=bemadeupof由组成(2)consistin=liein在于consistwith一致;符合(3)consistentadj.一致的;持续的beconsistentwith与一致【误区释疑】consistof不可用于被动形式,也不可用过去分词在句中充当定语或状语等成分。【语境速测】单句语法填空Thebeautyofthecityconsis
38、ts/lies_itsmagnificentbuildings.Still,theresultsareconsistent_theevidence.一句多译我校的志愿团队由20人组成。Thevoluntaryteaminourschool_20people.Thevoluntaryteaminourschool_20people.Thevoluntaryteaminourschool_20people.inwithconsistsofismadeupofiscomposedof6.goaheadwith开始做,着手干教材原句However,thegovernmentisplanningtogo
39、aheadwiththebuildingnextyear.(P30)尽管如此,政府仍在打算明年继续建设。【词块必记】aheadof(时间、空间)在前面aheadoftime提前goahead发生,进行;(用于祈使句)请吧,说吧【思维拓展】表示“提前”的表达还有:aheadofscheduleinadvance【语境速测】单句语法填空Thegovernmentintendstogoahead_itstaxcuttingplans.完成句子Frankwillbelatebutwell_.弗兰克会晚些时候到,不过,我们还是先开会。Ifinishedseveraldays_.我是在最后期限的几天前完成
40、的。withgoaheadwiththemeetinganywayaheadofthedeadline【写作金句】Intheafternoonwewillgoaheadwithlearninghowtomakezongziinthefoodworkshop.下午我们将继续学习如何在食品车间包粽子。7.AIDS is another problem of great concern so sex education and health careadministrationareextremelyimportant.艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和卫生保健管理非常重要。【典型例句】Mo
41、therslabourisofahighervaluethanitisrealised.母亲们的劳动价值远远高于社会所认识到的。Yourbagisofthesamesizewithmine.你的书包和我的一样大。【句型公式】(1)of(+great,no,little,some,much)+抽象名词(value,importance,use,help,interest,significance,benefit,necessity等),这类名词一般可转化为其相应的形容词形式。(2)of(+different,thesame,similar)+分类名词(kind,type,sort,shape,s
42、ize,colour,length,depth,width,weight,height,age,date等)(3)of(+good,bad,nice,fine,serious,high等)+性质名词(quality,character,characteristics,feature等)【语境速测】完成句子NewZealandgrapewine_andissoldallovertheworld.新西兰葡萄酒质量好,行销全世界。Thedictionary_tolearnersofEnglish.这本词典对英语学习者有很大帮助。Hisadvice_tome.他的建议对我来说很有价值。句式转换Doin
43、gmorningexercises_yourhealth.isofhighqualityisofgreathelpisofgreatvalueisofhelptoStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020浙江高考)Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),_(demand)jobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.2.(2020全国卷)Itsbeenreportedthat76percentof_(employ)insomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatw
44、ork.3.(2020天津高考)ThisledJonestothe_(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity,whoareeasytargetsofcheating.demandingemployeesconclusion4.(2020浙江高考)TennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheir_(contribute)tothetheater.5.(2019天津高考)However,technologyisalsothe_(apply)ofscie
45、ntificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.contributionsapplication.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Themanagerplannedtohiresomenew1._(employ)totaketheplaceoftheoldworkers.Becausehefoundtheoldworkerswereconservativeandevensomeofthem2._(pretend)tobeworking.Whenheputforwardhisideaatthemeetingyesterda
46、y,notalltheworkersagreedwithhim.Someoldworkers3._(blame)himforshowingnorespect4._them,butthemajoritythoughtthenewgraduateswouldmakethecompanystand5._inthenewmarketandhisideawasofgreatbenefitforthecompanytodevelop.Therefore,attheproposalofemployeespretendedblamedforoutthemanager,theyareallinfavour6._
47、settingupaninnovationteam7._(consist)ofeightyoungpeople.Theteamattempted8._(adopt)somenew9._(approach)tochangethefaceofthecompany.10._conclude,itwasaveryimportantteamsincethecompanywasfounded.ofconsistingtoadoptapproachesTo.短文改错(2021辽阳模拟)Iamveryfondofwatchingmovies.WhenImfree,thefirstthingIdlikedois
48、buysomesnacksandthenfoundahotmovietowatch.Beforewatchingsomanymovies,ImimpressingbyTheLordoftheRingsmost.ThismoviehasthreeseriesandIlikeitall.Thoughthemoviewasshotmanyyearsago,itisstillnotoutofthedate.ItwasshotinNewZealand,andthesceneryinthemovieissuchbeautifulthatIcantmovemyeyeawayeverytimeIwatchit
49、.IplantotraveltoNewZealandinwhatIcanhavealookonthebeautifulscenery.1.【解析】第二句在like后加to。考查不定式。wouldliketodosth.喜欢做某事,为固定短语,所以需在like后加to。2.【解析】第二句found改为find。考查动词。本文时态为一般现在时,且由前面的buy可知,这里动词find需用一般现在时态,故需将found改为find。3.【解析】第三句Before改为After。考查连词。前半句的意思是“观看这么多的电影”,后半句的意思是“我对于指环王这部电影的印象最深”,所以这里的逻辑关系应该是看过电
50、影后才会对某个电影有感触,Before(在之前),需改为After(在之后)。4.【解析】第三句impressing改为impressed。考查被动语态。由句中的by可知,这里需用被动语态,故需将impressing改为impressed。5.【解析】第四句it改为them。考查代词。这里的代词应该代指前面的threeseries,所以需用复数形式,故需将it改为them。6.【解析】第五句删除第二个the。考查固定短语。outofdate过时,为固定短语,所以需删除第二个the。7.【解析】第六句such改为so。考查so的用法。such后接名词,so+形容词/副词,所以需将such改为so