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1、必修必修1Unit1LifestylesStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2019全国卷)In an online class,developing healthy patterns of communication withprofessorsisveryimportant.Belowaresomecommondosanddontsforonlinelearners.WhileIhaveonly listed twoofeach,thereareobviously manyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoext
2、endthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.DosAskquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecourse design,read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management systeminformationtobesuretheanswerisnthidinginplain
3、sight.Participate in discussion forums(论坛),blogs and other open-endedforumsfordialogue.Thatswhattheyarefor.Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.DontsDont share personal information or stories.Professors are not trainednurses,financialaidexp
4、ertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simply explain the situation to the professor.If more information isneeded,theywillask.Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class.Everyone hastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,th
5、elanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessorsprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与人际关系相关的单词和短语。_2.你认为与老师和谐相处,应该注意什么?_patternsofcommunication,dialogue,blogs,socialmedia,concernBepolite;showrespect;beg
6、rateful;dontbecriticalStep2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.mattervi.要紧,有重大关系n.物质;事情;事态;问题;麻烦事教材原句AslongasIgetgoodmarksinmytests,itdoesntmatterifIcanspeakEnglishornot.(P4)只要我在考试中能得到好的分数,我能否说英语不重要。【词块必记】(1)Itdoesntmatter.没关系/不要紧。Itmatters/doesntmatter(tosb.)+主语从句(对某人来说)有关系/没关系(2)asamatteroffact事实上;实际上nomatterwhat/ho
7、w/where/when/who.不管什么/怎么样/哪里/什么时候/谁(3)tomakemattersworse=whatsworse更糟糕的是【语境速测】单句语法填空Itdoesntmatter_mewhethertogobyshiportrain.Itsboththesametome.Igotuplatetoday.Tomakematters_(bad),Iwastrappedinthetrafficjam.单句改错Istheglobalwarmingthematteroflifeanddeathtomankind?()完成句子Ithinkyourewatchingforgreatthin
8、gs_(无论你决定做什么).toworse第二个第二个the改为改为anomatterwhatyoudecidetodo2.suffervi.遭受痛苦;感到疼痛vt.遭受;蒙受【典型例句】ZhaoYimanissaidtohavesufferedfromvarietiesofsufferingsinprison.据说赵一曼在监狱里遭受了各种各样的苦难。【词块必记】(1)sufferpain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫穷/饥饿/苦难sufferfrom.受折磨,受之苦;患病(2)sufferingn.U痛苦;苦难pl.痛苦;苦恼
9、【语境速测】单句语法填空Heissuffering_thelossofhisoldfriend.Itissaidthattheoldmanhasgonethroughallkindsof_(suffer)duringtheoldsociety.句式升级(用with复合结构合并句子)Theriverhassufferedsuchheavypollutionalready.Itmaybetoolatetocleanuptherivernow._,itmaybetoolatetocleanuptherivernow.fromsufferingsWiththeriverhavingsufferedsu
10、chheavypollutionalready【熟词生义】Imnotsurprisedthatyourstudiesaresuffering.你功课变差,我并不感到惊讶。()变差变差3.supposevt.认为;猜想;假设【典型例句】The second one is that we are supposed to persist in taking physical exercise,especiallythepeopleworkingindoors.第二条(建议)就是我们要坚持锻炼,特别是那些在室内工作的人。【词块必记】(1)suppose+宾语+宾语补足语(todo/adj./prep.
11、phrase)猜想,认为suppose+that从句猜想,认为besupposedtodosth.理应做某事besupposedtohavedonesth.过去本应该做某事(2)Isupposeso./Isupposenot.我想(不)是这样。(3)suppose/supposing(that).假使,假定,假若【语境速测】单句语法填空Ihaventseenitmyself,butitssupposed_(be)agreatfilm.Thetrainissupposed_(arrive)anhourago.完成句子Willsheattendyourbirthdaypartytomorrowni
12、ght?_(我想是这样).单句改错Supposed(that)youvemadesomeprogressinyourEnglish,youshouldbemodest.()tobetohavearrivedIsupposesoSupposed改为改为Suppose/Supposing4.prefervt.(preferred;preferring)更喜欢;宁愿【典型例句】Withtheimprovementofpeopleslivingstandard,peoplewhopurchasedailylivinggoods,especiallysomepopulargoods,alwayspref
13、ertochoosegoodsaccordingtotherating.随着人们生活水平的提高,购买日常生活用品的人,尤其是一些购买流行商品的人,总是更喜欢根据等级来选择商品。【词块必记】(1)preferdoing/todosth.更喜欢做某事prefersth.tosth.喜欢某物胜过某物prefersb.todosth.宁愿某人做某事(2)preferdoing.todoing.=prefertodo.ratherthando.=woulddo.ratherthando.=wouldratherdo.thando.宁愿做而不愿做(3)preferencen.喜爱,偏爱haveaprefe
14、rencefor.偏爱【语境速测】单句语法填空Somepeopleprefer_(get)plentyofusefulinformationontheInternet.Imuchpreferjazz_rockmusic.单句改错Mostpeoplepreferbuyingtosew.()getting/togettosew改为改为sewing一句多译比起开私家车上班,他更愿意乘公共汽车。He_.(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)=He_.(preferdoingsth.todoingsth.)=He_.(woulddosth.ratherthandosth.)pr
15、eferstotakeabusratherthandrivehisprivatecartoworkpreferstakingabustodrivinghisprivatecartoworkwouldtakeabusratherthandrivehisprivatecartowork=He_.(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)wouldrathertakeabusthandrivehisprivatecartowork5.reducevt.减少;降低【典型例句】Ithasbecomeacommonpracticeforsometopayforgoodratingsonth
16、eirproductsorservicessoasnottoreducetheirsales.对一些人来说,为了不减少他们的销售量,为他们的产品或服务的良好评级付费,这已经成为一种普遍的做法。【词块必记】(1)reduce.to.使减少到reduce.by.使减少/降低了(2)bereducedtosth./doing沦为某事物/沦落到做某事(3)reductionn.减少;降低【语境速测】单句语法填空Thenewbridgeshouldreducetravellingtimefrom50minutes_15minutes.Talkingofenergysavingsandgreenhouse
17、_(reduce),ithappensthatIhavereadareportonthistopicinanewspaper.完成句子Costshave_20%overthepastyear.过去一年,各项费用已经减少了20%。He_foraliving.他沦落为以乞讨为生。toreductionsbeenreducedbywasreducedtobegging.核心短语6.takeup拿起;接受;开始从事;继续;占用(时间/空间)【典型例句】Inreturn,shetookupasenseofsatisfactionandfulfillment.作为回报,她得到了一种满足感。【词块必记】ta
18、keover接管takein吸收;收留;欺骗;领会takeon雇用;承担(工作、责任);呈现takeoff去掉;脱掉;起飞;(事业)腾飞take.forgranted认为理所当然【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义Mydaughterfinallytookupmysuggestionandstartedworkinghard.()Shetookupherhandbagandlefthurriedly.()Theywilltakeupahobbyorattendacourseawayfromtheirteachingsubjectmatter.()Aftersupper,themanager,with
19、hisworkmatestookuptheirdiscussion.()Playingfootballtakesupmuchofmysparetime.()接受接受拿起拿起开始从事开始从事继续继续占用占用(时间时间)eupwith提出;想出;赶上【典型例句】Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.我们班想出了更好地利用旧材料的主意。【词块必记】comeup走近;出现;发芽;被提出comeacross(偶然)发现,遇到comeintoeffect/power/being生效/当权/产生comeabout发生,产生comeon
20、快点;开始;加油comeout出版;露出;被揭晓Howcome.?怎么会?cometo共计为;达到;苏醒;来到(某地)Whenitcomesto.当说到【语境速测】单句语法填空Iftheplantscome_anobstacle,theymaketheirwayarounduntiltheycancontinuegrowing.Thenewmovieisexpectedtocome_inChinesemainlandcinemaslaterthisyear.Howdiditcome_thatheknewwherewewere?Whenitcomesto_(purchase)yourfirstb
21、ike,thechoiceisendless,makingittoughtoknowwhattogofor.acrossoutaboutpurchasing完成句子Theymay_(想出)ideasthatyouhaventconsidered.Youshould,however,makesurethattheyarentsoprotective.Thequestionofwageincreases_(被提出)eupwithcameup【误区释疑】两种“提出”的区别comeupwith“提出”,其主语是提出某项内容的人,后面的宾语是被提出的内容;comeup“被提出”,其主语是被提出的内容,主
22、动形式表示被动意义。.经典句式8.Whatkindoflifestylesdoyouthinkthemeninthepictureshave?你认为图片中的人有着怎样的生活方式?【句型公式】(1)“Whatkindoflifestylesdoyouthink.?”是一种混合疑问句,其结构是:特殊疑问词(+其他)+doyouthink+陈述句?(2)doyouthink是插入语。无论疑问词在句中作什么成分,think后面都用陈述语序。(3)除think外,常见的有此种用法的动词还有know,believe,suppose,imagine,guess和suggest等。【语境速测】完成句子Seve
23、raltimeslater,theBuddhistmonkasked,“_?(你认为在你的生命中最重要的事情是什么?)”_(你认为谁)willbethemonitor?Chinadream,_(我认为),isdifferentfromAmericandream.WhatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthinginyourlifeWhodoyoubelieveIthink9.Ittakesmelessthanfifteenminutestowash,getchanged,havebreakfast,leavehomeandgetonabus.我用不到15分钟洗刷,换衣服
24、,吃早饭,离开家,然后去坐公交车。【典型例句】Ittakesfourtosixweekstofinishthereport.完成这份报告需要四到六个星期。【句型公式】(1)Ittakessb.todosth.表示“某人花费做某事”。其中it为形式主语,后面的不定式结构为真正的主语。(2)表达“花费”的其他句型:sb.+spend(s).onsth./(in)doingsth.;sth.+cost(s)sb.;sb.+pay(s).forsth.【语境速测】单句语法填空Thelightsareverybright,soittakesalongtimeforoureyes_(adjust)._to
25、okmelessthan30minutestofinishallthework.一句多译完成这篇论文花费了我一周多的时间。_=_=_toadjustItIttookmemorethanoneweektocompletethepaper.Ispentmorethanoneweek(in)completingthepaper.Completingthepapercostmemorethanoneweek.【备选要点】1.Otherwiseadv.否则;另外;在其他方面;conj.否则;不然【典型例句】Peopletendtotraveliftheyaregivenatleastthreedayso
26、ff;otherwisetheymightpreferstayingathome.如果给人们至少三天的假期,他们往往会去旅行;否则,他们可能宁愿待在家里。【词块必记】(1)otherwise作副词时是一个多义词,在不同的语境中有不同的含义。(2)otherwise作连词时相当于or,orelse或ifnot。(3)orotherwise或相反;或其他情况【语境速测】单句语法填空Weweredelayedattheairport.Otherwisewewould_(be)herebylunchtime.句型转换IftheyhadgottwofreeticketstoCanada,theydhav
27、ebeenabletoaffordtogo.TheygottwofreeticketstoCanada,_.完成句子Hewastired_(但是在其他方面)plainvi.抱怨;投诉【典型例句】Shenevercomplains,butshesobviouslyexhausted.她虽然从不抱怨,但显然已疲惫不堪。【词块必记】(1)complainthat.抱怨complain(tosb.)about/ofsth.(向某人)抱怨某事complainagainst/aboutsth.抱怨/投诉某事(2)complaintn.抱怨,投诉makeacomplaintagainst/about.投诉【
28、语境速测】单句语法填空Nowadays,peopleinmanybigcitiesarecomplaining_heavytraffic.Hewhomakesconstant_(complain)getslittlecompassion.单句改错Hecomplainedmeaboutthefood.()完成句子Imwriting_(投诉)apairofshoesIrecentlypurchasedfromyourwebsite.aboutcomplaintcomplained后加后加totocomplainabout3.designn.设计;安排;图案;意图;vt.计划【典型例句】Theboo
29、k,designedforbeginners,ispopularwithstudents.这本书是为初学者设计的,在学生中很受欢迎。【词块必记】(1)bydesign=onpurpose故意地(2)design.as.打算把作用designsb.todo/be.打算让某人做某事/成为bedesignedtodosth.目的是/打算做某事bedesignedfor.为设计(3)designern.设计师,设计者【语境速测】单句语法填空IliketowearclothesbyAgnesB,apopularFrench_(design).Parksprovidepeoplewithaplacetoa
30、musethemforawhile.Inrecentdecades,however,manyparkshavebeendesigned_(provide)entertainment.EverySaturday,thereareactivities_(design)especiallyforchildren.单句改错Youmaylikethelessonsorhatethem,butyouhavedesignedthemforpartofyourcurriculum.()designertoprovidedesignedfor改为改为as完成句子Kidsmayneedtoapologizeift
31、heydosomethingtheyknowwaswrong-liketellingalieorbreakingarule_(故意地).bydesignStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)Whiletheyoungergenerationsarelikely_(prefer)tocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningcurve.2.(2020天津高考)Andyoumightfindit_(relax)tobringyo
32、ursmallkidtoahalf-hourStoryTimewhileyousitquietlyinacornerwithagoodbook.3.(2018浙江高考)Ifyouarenotgoing_(suffer)thisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmumshomefordinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.topreferrelaxingtosuffer4.(2020全国卷)ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythatthey_(come)upwithalow-costdev
33、icethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.5.(2020江苏高考)Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebut_healthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.havecomeotherwise.完成句子1.(2020江苏高考)Inruralareas,whereambulances_(花费)arelativ
34、elylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.2.(2018全国卷)ShevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipson_(怎样减少)foodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.3.(2020全国卷)Shestryingto_(想出)alabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.cantakehow
35、toreducecomeupwith4.(2018浙江高考)Becauseofallthisextratime,therewasno_(紧迫感)todomyschoolworkimmediately.5.(2019北京高考)Youmightalso_(设计一个冒险挑战)totrainyoungvolunteers.senseofurgencydesignanadventurechallenge.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Tomisverybusy1._themoment.Workinginthecompanytakes2._mostofhistime.Inhisopinion,life
36、is3._(fill)withchallengesandchancesaredesigned4._thosehard-workingpeople,soheprefers5._(stand)beingfarawayfromhisfamilyratherthantakepartinsomesocialactivities.atupfilledfortostandEveryday,themomenthisalarmclockgoes6._,hegetsupimmediatelyandstartshisbusyday.Heisalwaysthefirstone7._(get)totheofficean
37、dthelasttoleave.Evenafterwork,heoftentakeshisdocumentshomeso8._hecandealwiththem.HeseldomwatchesTVbecausehehasnotimetoamusehimself.Inordertoimprovehimself,hespendshissparetime9._distancelearningontheInternet.Atpresent,asamanagerofthesaledepartment,hesaidthathecouldnthaveachievedsomuchwithoutthesuppo
38、rt10._hisparents,relativesandgoodfriends.offtogetthatonofStep4直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2020新高考卷阅读理解D)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeopl
39、ewhoorderlargeportions(份),itsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan
40、,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state,the actorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipants
41、followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignifica
42、ntlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenweremakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“Illhavewhatsheshaving”effect.However,welladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,Illholdbackabitb
43、ecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,Illfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycantI?【文章大意】本文介绍了一项关于就餐同伴的体形和就餐习惯会影响他人的食物摄入量的研究。研究表明“从他心理”的影响的确存在,但人们也会根据自己对就餐同伴的看法有所调整。1.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.【解析】选D。
44、主旨大意题。根据整篇短文的内容特别是第一段中第一句研究的结论可知文章主要在讲就餐同伴会影响人们的食物摄入量。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inParagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据前面“和现存研究的结论你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭相反”可知,我们要避免的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人;还有根据三、四段的两次实验的结果可知,就餐同伴如果苗条且吃得很多的话,就会使同餐者的食物摄入量大增,可知
45、,就餐时一定要避免和身材苗条但食物摄入量大的人在一起,不然就会摄入过多的食物。3.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据研究的结论可知,雇演员就是为了证明就餐者的食物摄入量是否受就餐同伴的影响,故雇用这个演员的作用就是看看
46、她会如何影响其他就餐者。4.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,如果一个超重的人吃得很多,就餐同伴就会吃得相对少些,因为看到了大吃的后果;但是如果一个苗条的人吃得多,就会有“他吃得多且能保持苗条,我也可以”的心理,因此调整是建立在如何看待就餐同伴的前提之上的。【知识拓展】难句剖析Andcontrar
47、ytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions,itsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.分析:这是一个带有两个定语从句的复合句,在介词短语contraryto后有that引导的定语从句修饰research;youreallyneedtoavoid又是一个定语从句,修饰先行词thebeanpoles,withbigappetites是介词短语作定语,用来修饰thebeanpoles。翻译:和现存研究的结论“你应
48、该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭”相反,你真正需要避免接触的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人。【微技能点拨】逻辑关联,猜测词义本文中第2题为词义猜测题,根据策略解题如下:Step1确定题干关键词:beanpolesStep2回到原文准定位:contrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportionsStep3对比选项找最佳:尝试解答_。D【语用提能】话题词汇appetite,weigh,weight,snack,overweight短语句式consumptionhabits
49、,foodintake,eatinghabits,helpherselftoasnack,keepslim熟词生义grabvt.(尤指匆忙地)拿,取,吃,喝【微语法填空】(2020新高考卷阅读理解D改编)Arecentstudyrevealsthatboththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.1._(test)theeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthetest
50、s,95womenwereindividuallyinvitedtoostensibly(表面上)participate2._astudyaboutmovieviewershipwith3._actor.Theactornaturallyweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspecially4._(design)fatsuit,increasingherweightto180pounds.TotestinandesignedBeforethefilmbegan,eachwoman5._(ask)tohelpherselftoasnack.Thea