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1、湖南省长沙市某校高考英语一模试卷第二局部阅读(共两节，总分值37.5分)第一节(共4小题；每题2.5分，总分值 37.5分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。1. COURTESY PAUL BOZYMOWSKI - Three New York City police officers paid for a womans groceries rather than arresting her.As temperatures approached 90 degrees in New York City last July 4th, three police o
2、fficers ducked into a Whole Foods Market to get something cold to drink. What they walked into was a heated human drama.Once inside, the cops, Lt. Louis Sojo and Officers Esanidy Cuevas and Michael Rivera, were approached by a store security guard who asked for help with a suspected shoplifter. The
3、woman in question didnt have the look of a career criminal. She was obviously scared, and her cheeks were wet with tears.The cops peeked inside her bag. nAll we saw was containers of food/ Cuevas told CBS New York.Im hungry, n she explained quietly.Caught red - handed, the woman no doubt expected to
4、 be sentenced to jail for the crime of being hungry while poor. But the cops had other ideas. nWe,ll pay for her food, n Sojo told the surprised security guard.Thered been no discussion among the three men. It went unsaid. Instead, they picked up the woman*s bag and accompanied her to a cash registe
5、r, where each took out $ 10 to pay the tab. She would not be arrested today.All the woman could do was weep in gratitude. Covering her face with a kerchief and drying her eyes, she repeated, Thank you, thank you.”She wasnt the only one touched by this act of mercy. It was a very beautiful, genuine m
6、oment, n says Paul Bozymowski, who was at the store. He was so taken by what hed witnessed that he posted a photo on Twitter for all to see.But attention was never what the officers sought. They were driven by a far more common emotion. As Sojo told CNN, nWhen you look at someones face and see that
7、they need you and theyre actually hungry, its pretty difficult as a human being to walk away from something like this.”(1) What can be learnt about the woman from the passage ?A. She had stolen in the shop several times before.B. She was caught on the spot by three police officers.C. She was found i
8、nnocent and would not be arrested.D. She was forced to commit the crime due to the dilemma of life.(2) Paul Bozymowski posted a photo on Twitter to.A. appeal for sympathy for the people in needexpress his gratitude to the police officersB. show more people the cops* act of kindnessrecord the unforge
9、ttable moment in his life .(3) What drove the three police officers to pay for the woman ?ACB【考点】社会文化类阅读【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答第二节 供1小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中 选出能填入空白处的最正确选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.【答案】A,F,D,G,B【考点】说明文七选五【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共2小题；每题15分，总分值 30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和
10、D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。【答案】CBADDACBDABDCBA【考点】故事类阅读【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答试卷第10页，总11页【答案】annually,Founded,getting,Silent,Spring,awareness,which,a,from,was awarded,activities,occurred【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答第四局部写作（共两节，总分值15分）第一节（总分值15分）【答案】A Special Teachers* DayNever shall I forget
11、the special Teachers1 Day. It was all started several days before Teachers1 Day. With Teachers* Day around the comer, some of my classmates and I had a group meeting in order to decide how to celebrate it. My classmate came up with the idea of making a short video.（活动策戈U） Hardly had we got the idea
12、when we made our way outside and made it in front of the school entrance.【高分句型一 What impressed me most was that on the evening before Teachers1 DayWhen we eventually showed everybody the video on Teachers* Day, our teacher was so deeply moved that he almost cried. In a flash【考点】 提纲类【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂
13、无解答第二节（总分值25分）【答案】Paragraph 1 ：A few years later, because I have witnessed so many talented violinists that they made a deep impression on me, one figure came into sight. It occurred to me that the man seemed to be that poor boy. To my amazement, a violin player called Merritt won the first prize wi
14、th his strength,遇到这个孩子）Paragraph 2 ：After the competition, holding a violin box. He asked, do you still know me, which I have been treasuring, I will give back this violin to you without regret.n Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes.I didnt expect that a small act of kindness saved a talented violini
15、st. （描述这个孩子的忏悔以及作者的感触） 【考点】读后续写【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答A. Their great devotion to workA deep sense of being humanB. The attraction of the public attentionTheir different attitude towards shoplifting .2. A few years ago, my husband Charlie and I had marital problems. Growing family responsibilities and f
16、inancial worries took a toll on us and we began arguing frequently, often late into the night.However, neither of us could take the step that would end our eleven - year marriage and bring heartbreak to our three young children. Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work i
17、t out. Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.When I felt we were, I asked my husband to give me an Heternity (永亘)ring. It was not so much the ring I wanted; it was the reassurance (保证)I thought it would bring.We went shopping on a be
18、autiful summer day. We walked hand in hand along a row of jewelefs shops. Finally I found a ring I liked. While waiting for it to be adjusted, the jeweler took my left hand and glanced at my engagement ring. nMay I clean it for you? ” he asked. nIt really doesnt sparkle like it used to. Charlie said
19、 as T slipped the ring off my finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back. The ring shone like new!On the drive home, I didnt take my eyes off it. I forgot all about the eternity ring. I just couldnt believe how this old ring suddenly sparkled the way it had the day Charlie gave it to me. I had
20、 taken it for granted these past years, but with a little polish it could still make my heart beat fast.And thats the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢)of the passing years will hide the joy. I put my hand on the seat between us and spr
21、ead my fingers. Charlie covered my hand with his. I felt I was lucky to be able to see the sparkle in something gold when I thought I needed something new.(1) Why did the author and her husband decide to solve the problems ?A. They were a famous couple.B. They didnt want to divorce.C. The problems w
22、ere not serious.D. They had experience in doing so.(2) What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean ?A. free of troubleB. arriving at a squareC. wealthy and generousD. in good relationship .(3) Why did the author forget all about the eternity ring on their way back home ?A. Her husband
23、 kept it for her.B. They didnt actually pay for it.C. The old rings light attracted her attention.试卷第2页，总11页D. The couple were talking all the way merrily.(4) What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph ?A. We tend to prefer new objects to old ones.B. One should remain thankful
24、 for what he has got.C. Marriage should be constantly polished.D. We should try to rediscover the true value of old objects.3. It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when theyre meeting another person or a group of people.However, a new study led by the bod
25、y language expert Dr Harry Witchel shows this isn*t always the case.In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18 - 35 to play a geography quiz game consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong.Participants seated interacted with a computer alone in a room while
26、 their faces were video recorded.After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate their experience using a range of 12 emotions including bored, interested” and nfrustratedn.Meanwhile, their facial expressions were then computer analysed frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling
27、 based on a scale of between 0 to 1.Dr Witchel said: nAccording to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness or amusement.However, behavioural ecology theory suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor ri
28、ch for smiling.Our study showed that in these humancomputer interaction experiments, smiling isnt driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement (主观参与),which acts like a social fuel for smiling, even when socialising with a computer on your own.”Surprisingly, participants didnt te
29、nd to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers.However, they did smile right after the computer game informed them if their answer was correct or wrong.Participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong.Dr Witched added: During these computerised quizzes, sm
30、iling was greatly increased just after answering questions incorrectly.This behaviour could be explained by selfratings of involvement, rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration.n(1) Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz game ?A.To make it hard for participants to answer th
31、em correctly.B.To make the answer period last as long as possible.C.To discover the most intelligent participants.D.To create a stressful situation for participants deliberately.(2) What can we infer from what Dr Witchel said in Paragraph 4 ?A.Other researchers opinion of a real smile is quite right
32、.B.Smiles aren*t necessarily useful tools in social interactions.C.Subjective involvement doesnt motivate smiling in social interactions. D.WitcheVs study finding is consistent with behavioural ecology theory.(3) What do we know about the text ?A.Participants were asked to interact with each other i
33、n the quiz.B.Participants in the quiz smiled less often when they got the answer wrong. C.In Dr Witchefs opinion, smiling is connected with subjective involvement. D.Dr Witchel thinks that a real smile reflects the inner state of cheerfulness.(4) What can be a suitable title for the text ?A.What Con
34、tributes to Real Happiness ?B.How to Identify Whether a Person Is Really Happy ?C.Smiling Doesn*t Necessarily Mean HappinessD.People Generally Hold a Wrong View on Happiness .4. When a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting a pedestrian crossing the road illegally, she is making a moral decisio
35、n that shifts risk from the pedestrian to the people in the car. Self - driving cars might soon have to make such ethical （道德的）judgments on their own - but settling on a universal moral code for the vehicles could be a tough task, suggests a survey.The largest ever survey of machine ethics, called t
36、he Moral Machine, laid out 13 possible situations in which someones death was unavoidable. Respondents were asked to choose who to spare in situations that involved a mix of variables: young or old, rich or poor, more people or fewer. Within 18 months, the online quiz had recorded 40 million decisio
37、ns made by people from 233 countries and territories.When the researchers analysed these answers, they found that the nations could be divided into three groups. One contains North America and several European nations where Christianity has been the dominant （占支配地位的）religion; another includes countr
38、ies such as Japan, Indonesia and Pakistan, with strong Confucian or Islamic traditions. A third group consists of countries in Central and South America, such as Colombia and Brazil. The first group showed a stronger preference for sacrificing older lives to save younger ones than did the second gro
39、up, for example.The researchers also identified relationships between social and economic factors in a country. They found that people from relatively wealthy countries with strong institutions, such as Finland and Japan, more often chose to hit people who stepped into traffic illegally than did res
40、pondents in nations with weaker institutions, such as Nigeria or Pakistan.People rarely face such moral dilemmas, and some cities question whether the possible situations posed in the online quiz are relevant to the ethical and practical questions surrounding driverless cars. But the researchers arg
41、ue that the findings reveal cultural differences that governments and makers of self - driving cars must take into account if they want the vehicles to gain public acceptance.At least Barbara Wege, who heads a group working on autonomous - vehicle ethics at Audi in Ingolstadt, Germany, says such stu
42、dies are valuable. Wege argues that self - driving cars would cause fewer accidents, proportionally, than human drivers do each year - but that people might focus more on events involving robots.Surveys such as the Moral Machine can help to begin public discussions about these unavoidable accidents
43、that might develop trust. nWe need to come up with a social consensus,n she says, about which risks we are willing to take.”试卷第4页，总11页(1) Why is it difficult to set universal moral rules for programming self - driving cars ?A.Social values always change with the times.B.Moral choices vary between di
44、fferent cultures.C.Drivers have a preference for sacrificing the weak.D.Car makers are faced with decisions of life or death.(2) The researchers conducted the study by.A.using a massive online quiz worldwideB paring different cultures and customsC.dividing the respondents into three groups .performi
45、ng a series of controlled experiments .(3) According to the study, in which country are drivers more likely to hit a pedestrian crossing the road illegally ?A.NigeriaB.Colombia C.FinlandD.Indonesia .(4) Barbara Wege would probably agree that.A.Self - driving cars will greatly improve the traffic env
46、ironmentB.Accidents caused by self - driving cars might receive more attention C.Problems involving self - driving cars might shake the public trust in society D.Car makers neednt take the risk of solving self - driving car ethical dilemmas . 第二节(共1小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中 选出能填入空白处的最正确选项.选
47、项中有两项为多余选项.How long does a year last ? (1) But your parents might say that a whole year can pass ”in the blink of an eye”. Why does time seem to pass faster as we get older ?(2) This physical change causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline. Babies, for example, move
48、 their eyes much more often than adults because theyre processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. (3) However, as peoples brains degrade over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time. Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they*re happening more quickly.(4) People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day o