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1、九年级中考英语语法知识梳理非谓语动词句型一、非谓语动词句型（一）既可以接to do，也可以接doing的动词句型1.forget to do与forget doingforget to do表示“忘记要干某事”，即所干的事情还没有发生；forget doing表示“忘记干过某事”，即某事已经做过，只是忘记了。Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the room.你离开房间时不要忘记关灯。（to turn off的动作还没做）He forgot turning the light off.他忘记灯已关上了。（关灯的动作已做过）2.re
2、member to do与remember doingremember to do表示“记住要干某事”，即所干的事情还没有发生；remember doing表示“记得干过某事”，即某事已经做过。Tom，please remember to turn off the light when you leave.汤姆，离开时请记住关上灯。（turn off the light的动作还没做）Dont you remember seeing the man before？难道你不记得以前见过那个人吗？（那个人过去见到过）3.stop to do与stop doingstop to do表示“停下来干某事
3、”，指停止原来干的事情，开始干另一件事情；stop doing表示“停止干某事”，指停止正在做的事情，即不干某事了。They worked for two hours and stopped to have a rest.他们工作了两个小时之后，停下来休息了一会。Tell him not to stop to rest.告诉他不要停下来休息。When the boy saw his mother come，he stopped crying.当男孩看到他妈妈过来时，他停止了哭叫。4.need to do与need doing通常情况下，当主语是表示人的名词时用need to do，意为“某人需
4、要干某事”；当主语是表示物的名词时用need doing，意为“某物需要怎样处理”。We need to clean our bedroom every day.我们需要每天打扫宿舍。Our bedroom needs cleaning every day.我们的宿舍需要每天打扫。I need to buy some warm clothes for winter.我需要买一些暖和的衣服过冬。The walls of the room need painting white.房间的墙需要刷成白色。注意：need doing句型也可用need to be done结构来表示。The flower
5、s need watering once a week.那些花需要每周浇一次水。the flowers need to be watered once a week.那些花需要每周浇一次水。5.go on to do与go on doinggo on to do sth.意为“继续做某事”，指前一个动作完成之后，又接着去做另一件事情；go on doing sth.意为“继续干某事”，指继续做原来的事情，中途可有停顿，也可没有。We had supper and went on to watch TV.我们吃了晚饭接着看电视。After she finished her homework，sh
6、e went on to help her mother with the housework.做完家庭作业后，她接着帮母亲做家务。After a short rest，they went on walking.休息了一会儿，他们继续往前走。6.try to do与try doingtry to do sth.意为“努力干某事；试图干某事”，强调付出努力，但不一定成功；try doing意为“尝试着干某事；干试试”，含有“看结果如何”之意。Please try to finish this work in thirty minutes.请尽量在30分钟之内完成这项工作。I tried to e
7、scape，but I failed.我试图逃走，但是失败了。Why didnt you try riding a bike to go to school？你为什么不试着骑自行车去学校呢？She tried washing her hair with a new shampoo.她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。7.like to do与like doinglike to do与like doing都表示“喜欢干某事”，like doing表示经常性的、习惯性的爱好；对某事物从过去到现在一直喜欢；like to do表示具体的、某一特定行为的爱好，只是在某个特殊的情况下对某事产生好感，是一种临时的
8、喜欢，并非长久性。I like reading novels.我喜欢看小说。My sister likes singing and dancing very much.我妹妹非常喜欢唱歌跳舞。They like playing basketball.他们喜欢打篮球。I like to read the novel.我喜欢看那本小说。The teacher likes to tell jokes in class.那个老师喜欢在课堂上讲笑话。注意：在美国英语中，like doing与like to do常常不加区别地换用。如：He likes walking around the lake.=H
9、e likes to walk around the lake.他喜欢在湖边散步。Do you like fishing？=Do you like to fish？你喜欢钓鱼吗？但要表示明确的即将发生的具体事情时宜用like to do，而不用like doing.如：I dont like to trouble him when he is so busy.他忙的时候我不喜欢麻烦他。8.hate to do与hate doinghate to do sth.与hate doing sth.都表示“讨厌干某事；不喜欢干某事”。hate doing侧重对某事长期讨厌，就一般而言，具有习惯性；ha
10、te to do侧重对某一特定的事的讨厌，具有偶然性。The boys hate doing homework on Sundays.男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。I hate doing sit-ups.我不喜欢做仰卧起坐。I hate to quarrel with her about money.我厌恶为钱的事与她争吵。9.begin to do与begin doingbegin to do与begin doing都表示“开始干某事”。begin to do多强调情况的发生，对动作是否延续下去一般不作考虑；begin doing对新动作本身注意较多，而且这一动作将继续下去。Spring
11、comes and the temperature begins to go up.春天来了，气温开始回升。Lets begin singing the English song.咱们开始唱这首英语歌曲吧。注意：begin to do与begin doing的界限有时侯并不十分清楚，在许多情况下可以通用。When did you begin to learn/learning English？你什么时候开始学习英语的？下面的三种情况，begin后用to do形式而不用doing。句子的主语是物而不是人时用to do而不用doing。如：The ice began（或started）to mel
12、t.冰雪开始融化。begin（或start）本身为-ing形式时，用to do而不用doing。如：He is just beginning（或starting）to write the letter。他刚刚开始写那封信。begin（或start）后的动词与感情、想法有关时用to do不用doing.如：He began（或started）to understand it.他开始明白这件事。（注：start to do和start doing的用法分别与begin to do和begin doing的用法相同）【习题速递】1. The TV in your room is still on.
13、Oh，I forgot _.A.turning it on B.turning it offC.to turn it off2. Im sorry，Miss Green.I left my math book at home. It doesnt matter.Please remember _ it here tomorrow.A.taking B.to take C.bringing D.to bring3. I think you should stop _ him in English I see.He cant understand English at all.Let me try
14、 in French.A.talking to B.to talk to C.talk to D.to talking to4.Dont throw away the waste paper.It needs _.A.to recycle B.recycling C.recycle5. I didnt hear you come in just now. Thats good.I tried _ the baby up.A.to wake B.not to wake C.waking【答案点拨】1.答案：C 由句意“你房间的电视还开着。”“哦，我忘了关了。”可知，“关电视”这个动作未进行，用f
15、orget to do。故选C。2.答案：D 句意：由句意“对不起，格林小姐，我把数学书忘在家里了。”“没关系。记住明天把它带来。”可知，记住要干某事用remember to do sth.故选D。3.答案：A 由句意“我认为你应该停止用英语和他交流。”“我知道了。他根本听不懂英语。让我用法语试一下吧。”可知，表示“停止干某事”用stop doing，故选A。4.答案：B 根据句意：不要扔掉那些废纸，它需要回收利用。句子的主语it指的是物，用need doing表示“需要”。故选B。5.答案：B 根据句意：“刚才我没有听见你进来。”“那样好。我尽力不吵醒孩子。”表示“尽力不做某事”用try n
16、ot to do sth.故选B。（二）只接动名词作宾语的动词句型1.enjoy doingenjoy doing意为“喜爱干某事”。enjoy后跟动词时要用doing形式。The old man enjoys fishing.那位老人喜欢钓鱼。My father enjoys listening to music.我父亲喜欢听音乐。The boy enjoys reading story books.那个男孩喜欢看故事书。2.finish doingfinish doing意为“干完某事”。finish后的动词要用doing形式。He finished reading the book be
17、fore supper.晚饭前他把这本书看完了。I will finish doing the work in two days.两天后我将完成这项工作。You cant go out and play before you finish writing your homework.写完作业之前，你不可以出去玩。3.practice doingpractice doing意为“练习干某事”。practice后接动词时要用doing形式。They are practicing singing the new song.他们正在练习唱新歌。You should practice speaking
18、English every morning.你们应当每天早上练习说英语。They are practicing playing table tennis.他们正在练习打乒乓球。4.mind doingmind doing意为“介意（反对）干某事”。mind后的动词要用doing形式。Would you mind opening the window？打开窗户你介意吗？Would you mind looking after my baby while Im away？我不在的时候请你照看一下我的小孩好吗？Would you mind making some room for the patie
19、nt？请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗？5.consider doingconsider doing意为“考虑干某事”，consider后的动词要用doing形式。We considered going to see the film.我们考虑去看这部电影。He is considering going to Beijing.他正考虑着去北京。Im considering changing my job.我在考虑换我的工作。6.suggest doingsuggest doing意为“建议干某事”，suggest后的动词要用doing形式。He suggested going together
20、 in one car.他建议大家一起坐一辆汽车去。The teacher suggested drawing the picture with a pencil.老师建议用铅笔画画。I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。7.avoid doingavoid doing意为“避免干某事”，avoid后跟动词时，要用动词的-ing形式。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图避免回答我的问题。Harry often cleans his room to avoid doing his
21、 homework.哈里常以打扫房间来逃避做作业。She steps over to the other side to avoid meeting him.她走到大街另一边，避免与他相遇。8.spend .（in）doingspend .（in）doing意为“花费时间或金钱干某事”，其中的in常常省略。They spent 4，450 yuan buying the big colour TV set.他们花了4450元买下那台大彩电。I have spent all day looking for you.我花了一整天的时间找你。I spent a lot of money buying
22、 books.我花了许多钱买那些书。9.be busy doingbe busy doing意为“忙着干某事”，be busy后的动词要用动词的-ing形式。She is busy doing homework.她正在忙着做作业。Mr.Smith is busy translating a short story into French.史密斯先生正忙着把一个短篇故事译成法语。At the end of each year，people are busy doing Spring Festival shopping.每到年根，大家就要忙着采购年货了。10.be worth doingbe wo
23、rth doing意为“值得干某事”；表示“很值得干”为be well worth doing，其中的well不能用very替换。The book is well worth buying.那本书很值得买。The question is not worth discussing again and again.这个问题不值得反复讨论。Your bike is not worth repairing.你的自行车不值得修理了。11.feel like doingfeel like doing意为“想要干某事”，是一个固定句型，feel like后的动词要用doing形式。I dont feel l
24、ike cooking.Lets eat out.我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。I dont feel like doing anything today.我今天什么也不想做。I feel like having a cup of tea.我想要喝杯茶。I feel like watching the football match this evening.今天晚上我想看足球赛。12.have fun doinghave fun意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，其后跟动词时，要用动词的-ing形式，表示“干某事很开心；干某事很有乐趣”。We have fun talking and playing wi
25、th him.我们和他一起聊天，玩得很高兴。I had fun playing tennis with my friends yesterday.昨天我和我的朋友打篮球，过得很愉快。13.cant help doingcant help doing意为“情不自禁（禁不住）干某事”，这是一个固定句型，其中help后的动词要用动名词形式。I couldnt help laughing when I heard the news.听到这个消息我禁不住笑了起来。The audience couldnt help cheering when they saw the little girls wonde
26、rful performing.看到那小女孩精彩的表演，观众都情不自禁高声喝彩。14.keep doingkeep doing意为“继续干某事；不停地干某事”，表示连续不断地一直处于某种状态，继续不停地做着某件事情，keep后不能接不定式或表示静止状态的v-ing形式，而必须接延续性动词。He kept standing there during the meeting.开会时他一直站在那里。Why do you keep laughing all the time？你为什么一直笑个不停？If you keep practicing your spoken English，youll soon
27、 make great progress.如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。He kept working all day，because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。15.keep on doingkeep on doing意为“继续干某事”，指中间有休息或停顿，强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性，及某人做某事的决心。其中的doing不能用to do来替换。若表示今后或将来继续做某事，只用keep on doing。He kept on smoking though we advised h
28、im to stop to smoke.尽管我们建议他戒烟，但是他还是继续吸烟。He kept on working until midnight though he was tired.尽管他很疲劳，但是他还是继续工作到半夜。He kept on repeating these words over and over.他一遍又一遍重复这几句话。The pupil kept on asking me the same question.这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。16.keep sb.doing sth.keep sb.doing sth.意为“让某人一直干某事；让某人老是保持某种状态”，其
29、中的doing为延续性动词，不能使用短暂动作的动词。The headmaster kept me waiting for two hours last time.上次校长让我等了两个小时。Im sorry I kept you waiting so long.对不起让你久等了。17.What/How about doing？What/How about doing？是英语口语中一个常用的客套句型，用来提出请求，建议或征求对方意见，意为“（你认为）怎么样？”“如何？；干某事怎么样？”What/How about后跟动词时，一定要用动词的-ing形式。What about having a res
30、t？休息一会儿怎么样？How about starting there？从那里开始怎么样啊？How about watching TV tonight？今天晚上看电视怎么样？18.give up doinggive up doing意为“放弃干某事”，give up表示“放弃”，后用动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式。My father has given up smoking.我父亲已经戒烟了。Why not give up making the plan？为什么不放弃制定那个计划呢？You should never give up working hard at English.你不应放弃努力学
31、习英语。19.put off doingput off doing意为“推迟干某事”，put off“推迟”，其后用动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式。We decided to put off leaving.我们决定推迟动身。They have to put off going to Shanghai.他们不得不推迟去上海。Please dont put off doing your homework.请你们不要推迟做作业。20.be used to doingbe used to doing意为“已习惯于干某事”。be used to doing是一个固定句型，其中的to是介词，其后的动词要用
32、动名词形式。He is used to doing such a thing.他已经习惯了做这样的事。My parents are used to getting up early.我父母已习惯于早起床。We are used to doing our homework after school.我们已习惯于放学后做作业。21.look forward to doinglook forward to doing意为“盼望、期盼干某事”。look forward to表示“期望；盼望；期盼”，其中的to是介词，后跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式。We are looking forward to
33、hearing from you.我们正盼望着收到你的来信。She is looking forward to seeing you again.她正盼望着再次见到你。The students are looking forward to going to the Great Wall for a trip.学生们正盼望着去长城旅游。【习题速递】1.When President Xi Jinping has spare time，he enjoys _ and sports.A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading2.Dave is a good boy and h
34、e always finishes _ his homework on time.A.do B.did C.does D.doing3. Bruce practices _ basketball every day so that he can be a better player.A.play B.to play C.playing4. Its too cold today.Would you mind _ the window？ Certainly not.Go ahead.A.to close B.closing C.close D.closed5. Why did his father
35、 buy that phone watch for him？ Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid _ the way.A.to lose B.lose C.loses D.losing6.My favorite TV program is Readers .I think we should spend as much time as we can _ in our spare time.A.read B.to read C.reading7.The workers are busy _ windows to the new b
36、uilding these days.A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.to fix8. Have you read the book Jane Eyre ？ Yes.Its a famous book and really worth _.A.to read B.reading C.to be read D.read9.The doctor advised my father to give up _.A.smoke B.smoking C.smokes10. look forward _ you soon.A.see B.seeing C.to see D.to seein
37、g【答案点拨】1.答案：D 句意：习近平主席有空闲时间的时候喜欢读书和运动。enjoy后的动词用动名词，故选D。2.答案：D 由空前的finish可知，finish后的动词用动名词，故选D。3.答案：C practice后的动词用动名词；practice doing意为“练习干某事”。故选C。4.答案：B mind后的动词用动名词；mind doing意为“介意干某事”。故选B。5.答案：D avoid后的动词用动名词；avoid doing意为“避免干某事”，故选D。6.答案：C 句意：我最喜欢的节目是朗读者。我想我们应在空余时间花尽可能多的时间来看书。spend后的动词要用动名词，故选B。
38、7.答案：C be busy doing sth.是固定结构，意为“忙着做某事”，故选C。8.答案：B be worth doing sth.是固定结构，意为“值得做某事”。故选B。9.答案：B give up后的动词要用动名词；give up doing意为“放弃干某事”，故选B。10.答案：D look forward to后的动词要用动名词；look forward to doing意为“期盼干某事”。故选D。（三）只接动词不定式的动词句型1.want to dowant to do意为“想要干某事”；want sb.to do sth.意为“想要某人干某事”。want后的动词只用动词不
39、定式，不能使用动名词。Do you want to take part in the sports meeting？你想参加运动会吗？The teacher wanted the students to help clean the office.老师想要学生帮着打扫办公室。Mother wants me to go home earlier.妈妈想要我早点回家。2.decide to dodecide是一个及物动词，后接动词作宾语时，只用动词不定式形式，构成decide to do结构，意为“决定干某事”。They decided to have a picnic on Sunday.他们决
40、定星期天去吃野餐。We decide to go to the zoo this weekend.这个周末我们决定去动物园。3.hope to dohope to do sth.意为“希望干某事”。hope作动词后接动词作宾语只用动词不定式，不能使用动名词形式。I hope to be a volunteer.我希望成为一名志愿者。They all hoped to go to the zoo on Sunday.他们都希望星期天去动物园。注意：在表示“希望某人干某事”时，不能说hope sb.to do sth.，而要用“hope+that从句”来表示。正：I hope you will c
41、ome to our school tomorrow.我希望你明天来我们学校。误：I hope you to come to our school tomorrow.我希望你明天来我们学校。4.wish to dowish用作动词，既可以用wish to do表示“希望干某事”，也可以用wish sb.to do表示“希望某人干某事”，但其后不能用动名词形式。I wish to see the manager.我希望见一见经理。We wish to see the film.我们希望看那部电影。I wish you to go with me.我希望你同我一道去。5.would like to
42、 dowould like是一个表示客气委婉语气的常用句型，后接动词不定式构成would like to do和would like sb.to do结构，意为“想要干某事；愿意干某事；想要某人干某事”。这里的like没有了“喜欢”的意思，故其后不能使用doing形式。I would like to help the old man after school.放学后我想帮助那位老人。Would you like to go shopping with us？你愿意和我们一起去购物吗？6.tell sb.to dotell sb.to sth.意为“告诉某人干某事；叫某人干某事”。tell用作及
43、物动词，其后接动词作宾语时，只用动词不定式，不能使用动名词。The teacher told us to bring our books to school.老师告诉我们把书带到学校来。My mother often tells me to be careful on the way to school.我母亲经常告诉我在上学路上要小心。7.ask sb.to doask sb.to do sth.是一个固定句型，意为“要求某人干某事”，其否定结构为ask sb.not to do sth.，意为“要求某人不要干某事”。The teacher asks us to get to school
44、on time.老师要求我们按时到校。She asked us not to go swimming in the river.她要求我们不要到河里去游泳。【习题速递】1. Our English teacher wants us _ English stories out of class.A.read B.reading C.to read2. Do you have any places for the coming vacation？ Sure.We decide _ Seacha in July.A.visit B.visiting C.visited D.to visit3. Sh
45、e said she hoped _ her daughter.A.to see B.you to see C.seeing4.Maria would like _ an animal doctor.A.be B.being C.to be5. My parents often tell me _ fight with others.A.dont B.not to C.not6. For more than once，our head teacher asks us _ the habit of keeping a diary.A.develop B.developsC.developing
46、D.to develop【答案点拨】1.答案：C 句意：我们英语老师想要我们课后读英语故事。want sb.to do sth.是固定结构，意为“想要某人做某事”，故选C。2.答案：D 句意：“即将到来的假期你有去的地方吗？”“当然。我们决定在七月份去拜访Seacha。”decide后的动词要用动词不定式；decide to do意为“决定干某事”，故选D。3.答案：A 句意：她说她希望看到她的女儿。hope to do意为“希望做某事”，英语中无hope sb.to do这一结构。故选A。4.答案：C would like后的动词用不定式；would like to do sth.意为“想要
47、干某事；愿意干某事”，故选C。5.答案：B tell sb.（not）to do sth.是固定结构，意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事”。故选B。6.答案：D ask sb.to do sth.是固定结构，意为“要求某人做某事”，故选D。（四）后跟不带to的动词不定式的句型1.let sb.dolet表示“让”是一个使役动词，其后的动词不定式不带to，构成let sb.do sth.句型，表示“让某人干某事”。Let him do it.让他来做这件事吧。Lets go to school by bike.咱们骑自行车去学校吧。She let her child play in the park.她让她的孩子在公园里玩耍。2.make sb.domake表示“使、让、叫”时是使役动词，其后用不带to的动词不定式，构成make sb.do sth.结构，表示“让某人干某事；（迫）使某人干某事”。否定式在动词原形前