《专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式形式结构、作定语考点总结--中考英语语法复习微专题（九年级通用）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式形式结构、作定语考点总结--中考英语语法复习微专题（九年级通用）.docx（6页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、人教版初中英语语法学习/复习微专题（九年级/中考通用）专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式形式结构、作定语考点总结（含练习与答案）全国通用 常青藤实验中学 初中英语教研组整理1.动词不定式的形式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“notnever to+动词原形”。动词不定式后可以跟宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语，它没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语等，但不能单独作谓语，动词不定式的逻辑主语有时用“forof+名词或代词的宾格”构成。(1)主动语态一般式：to do进行式：to be doing完成式：to have done完成进行式：
2、to have been doing(2)被动语态一般式：to be done完成式：to have been done(3)否定形式：notnever to do2.动词不定式的结构(1)动词不定式+宾语to study English学英语(2)动词不定式+表语to become a teacher当老师(3)动词不定式+状语to study hard努力学习巧记：动词不定式(1)不定式有标记，to与动原连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。注意：疑问代词(w
3、hat，who，whom，which)和疑问副词(where，when，how)加上动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语。3.动词不定式的用法：作定语主谓关系：被修饰的词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系He was the first guest to arrive.他是第一个来的客人。注意：这时被修饰的名词常常被first，last，second，only，right以及形容词最高级等修饰。此时的动词不定式相当于一个定语从句。You are the right person to do the job=You are the right person that can do the job你
4、是做这项工作的合适人选。动宾关系：动词不定式与被修饰的词有逻辑上的动宾关系。即被修饰词是动词不定式逻辑上的宾语I have a lot of problems to solve我有很多问题要解决。注意：在动宾关系中，如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应有相应的介词。Maria is a pleasant person to work with和玛丽娅一起工作真愉快。Jazz is exciting music to listen to爵士乐是听起来令人激动的音乐。但是，动词不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way时，动词不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。He had no mone
5、y and no place to live(in)他没钱，也没有安居之所。偏正关系：被修饰的词与动词不定式有偏正关系，即动词不定式起说明的作用。如在decisionability，tendency resolution，determination，ambition，attempt，desire，effort，failure。refusal。promise等词后，只能接动词不定式，不可接0f+doing作定语他没有能力翻译小说。误He has no ability of translating the novel正He has no ability to translate the novel
6、注意：a.在way，pleasure，time，chance，opportunity, plan，power等名词之后可接“介词+动名词”或动词不定式作定语。Do you know the way of mastering English?=Do you know the way to master English?你知道精通英语之道吗?b.在idea，habit，method，purpose等词之后通常接of+ doing”，不可接动词不定式。他们想到了爬山的好主意。误They got the good idea to climb the hill正They got the good ide
7、a of climbing the hillc.在there be句型中，常用主动语态，但用被动语态也行。There is a meeting to attendto be attended有一个会议要出席。d.当作定语的动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式动作的承受者时，动词不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。“Do von have a letter to be typed，manager?”said the typist打字员问：“经理，你有信要打吗?”(动作执行者是typist)Have you got anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗?(动
8、作执行者是you)e.动词不定式作定语表将来。The car to be bought is for her son要买的这辆车是给她儿子的。综合练习（中考难道）上：1._the seeds and they will grow.A.Water B.To water C.Watering D.Watered2.The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but_work for young people.A.provide B.to provide C.providing D.provided3.He arrived at th
9、e office early,_a good example to the others.A.set B.to set C.to be set D.having set4.Please make my excuse at tomorrows meetingIve got too much work_.A.to do to come B.doing comingC.to do coming D.to do coming5.We looked everywhere for the keys,but they are nowhere_A.to find B.to have found C.to be
10、 found D.being found6.After describing the planned improvements,she went on_how much they would cost.A.to explain B.explaining C.to be explaining D.having explained7.To test eggs,_them in a bowl of water:if they float theyre bad,if they sink theyre good.A.put B.putting C.to put D.to be putting8.Plea
11、se remember_the plants while Im away.A.watering B.to be wateringC.to water D.being watering9._wine,first you must press the grapes.A.Making B.To makeC.To be making D.Make10.Ive never been so poor_able to afford a meal.A.as to be not B.not as to be C.as not to be D.as to not be答案：15 ABBAC 610 AACBC学科网（北京）股份有限公司