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1、 人教版初中英语语法学习/复习微专题（九年级/中考通用）专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语考点总结（含练习与答案）全国通用 常青藤实验中学 初中英语教研组整理1.动词不定式的用法：作宾语We have decided to experiment with a new method我们决定用新方法进行试验。注意：常用动词不定式作宾语的动词：decidedetermine，learn，want，expecthopewish，manage，refuse，care，pretend，offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，askbeg，help。此外，afford，
2、happen，wait，hesitate，fail等也要用动词不定式作宾语。We agreed to meet here but he hasnt turned up so far我们约好在此地见面，但是他到现在还没露面。动词不定式作宾语时也可用it作形式宾语。I find it difficult to speak English fluently我觉得要能流利地说英语是困难的。下列动词(短语)：discover(发现)，explain(解释)，find out(找到)，wonder(想知道)后常接“how+动词不定式”短语作宾语。I discovered how to solve the
3、problem我发现了如何解决此问题。2.动词不定式的用法：作宾语补足语下列动词接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即“动词+sb+to do”结构ask要求 allow允许 cause造成 command命令compel迫使 enable使能 encourage鼓励 forbid禁止force强迫 get使 instruct教导 invite邀请oblige迫使 order命令 permit允许 persuade说服press压迫 remind想起 request请求 recommend推荐teach教 tell告诉 tempt引诱 urge催促warn警告 beg乞求 command要求 e
4、xpect期望prefer宁愿 want想要 wish希望 advise劝告The doctor advised him to take a good rest大夫劝他好好休息。I expect you to write to me我盼望你给我来信。advise，allow，permit，forbid，recommend等词可用于：vt十Sb.+to do sth.或vt+doing sth结构中I dont allowpermit him to swim我不允许他游泳。I dont allowpermit swimming here我不允许在此地游泳。ask，beg，choose，desir
5、e，expect，hate，help。intend，like,love，meanprefer。wish。promise。trouble，want等词可用于vt+sb+to do或vt+to do结构中They asked US to come in.他们要我们进来。They asked to come in他们请求进来。下列动词用“to beto have作宾语补足语 acknowledge承认 believe相信 calculate预测 consider认为 declare宣称 estimate估计 feel感觉 find找到 guess猜想 imagine想象 know知道 maintai
6、n断言 reckon推断 see认为；设想 suppose猜想 understand认为，相信I know him to be dependable=I know that he is dependable我知道他是可依靠的。They considered him to have more ability than the others=They considered that he had more ability than the others.他们认为他比其他人有能力。下列动词(短语)要用不带t0的动词不定式作宾补：feel。have。make，let，notice，see，watch，
7、hear，look at。listen to，help等Make the past serve the present and foreign things serve China古为今用，洋为中用。I heard him speak in the next room我听到他在隔壁房间里说话。巧记：省略to的动词不定式作宾补a.一些动词要掌握，have，let和make，此三动词是使役。“注意”“观察”“听到”see，还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细。后接“宾补”略去“to”，此点千万要牢记。b.不定式，作宾补，下列词后省略to：四看三使役，二听一感半帮助。若是宾补变主补，to字一定要
8、回府。c.感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪。主动句里to走开，被动句里to回来。注意：四看指see，watch，notice和look at；“三使役”指have，let，make；“二听”指hear，listen to“一感”指feel；“半帮助”指动词不定式作help的宾语补足语时可省去to也可不省去to。在被动语态中，原宾语补足语变为主语补足语时，要把to加上。有一些动词短语的后面可以跟带动词不定式的复合宾语结构。如：wait for，call on ，count upon， vote for ，rely on，depend on。long for等They are waiting fo
9、r us to do the job他们等着我们做这项工作。注意下列结构中用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是：sbbe saidbelievedknownreportedconsideredfoundthought todoto have doneto be doneto have been doneHe is said to have gone abroad据说，他出国了。He is thought to have invented the first telephone in the world人们认为他发明了世界上第一部电话。综合练习（中考难度）中：11.I dont know wheth
10、er to stay in teaching or_another job.A.trying getting B.to try to get C.trying to get D.try get12.Ill have to change my clothes before I go outI dontwant_like this.A.to see B.to be seeing C.to be seen D.being seen13.In fact,she was the first woman_to such a post.A.to elect B.to be electingC.to have
11、 elected D.to have been elected14.Id like_over the Alps and looking down at the mountains.A.flying B.being flying C.to be flying D.be flying15.Im learning_a cake.Can you explain_one?A.to make,to make B.how to make,to makeC.to learn,how to make D.making,making16.Whom would you rather_with you,Jim or
12、Jack?A.have go B.have to goC.have gone D.has to go17.The husband advised_to the south,but his wife advised him_up the idea.A.moving,giving B.to move,to give C.moving,to give D.to move,giving18.“Would you like to come for a walk with me?”“Id prefer_,thank you.”A.not to B.to not C.not D.cant19.I would mend your radio,but I dont know_.A.how B.to C.how to D.to how20.“I havent heard from Henry for a long time.”“What do you suppose_to him?”A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.had happened答案：1115 BCDCC 1620 ACACC学科网（北京）股份有限公司