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1、2022年大学英语考试模拟卷（本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为!80分钟,总分100分,60分及格。）单位:姓名:考号:题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分分值得分、单项选择题（共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意）1. What did the Japanese investors worry aboutA. Russia, s poor business environment.B. Russia, s tariff barriers.C. Russia* s investment policies.D. Russia, s economic reforms.2. Wh
2、en did Israel stop transferring customs and tax funds to the Palestinian AuthorityA. Last week.B. Wednesday.C. Last September.D. Last Month.3. Why do the rebels and paramiIitaries fight each otherA. To control the government.B. To control the peasants.C. To control the army.D. To control the coca fi
3、elds.4. Where do the young hatchA. In a hole.B. In the water.C. Under the mother s tail.D. In the mother s mouth.5. What kind of dispute strains the relationship between Japan and Russia A. Debts.B. Ideology.C. Territory.D. Economic.6. How can we avoid a worldwide water shortage in the futureA. We c
4、an invent ways of increasing rainfall.B. We can develop ways of reusing water.C. We may use less water.D. We may build fewer steel plants.7. B IQuestions 21 and 22 are based on the fol lowing news. At the end of the news item, you wi11 be given 10 seconds to answer the two questions. Now Iisten to t
5、he news. /I/BAccording to Pakistan, what kind of support does it give to the rebels A. Financial.8. Technology.9. Weapon.10. Moral.8. Why does the crocodiIe put her babies in her mouthA. To keep them warm.B. To protect them from harm.C. To transport them to the water.D. To clean them.9. Which of the
6、 fol lowing is trueA. Water can be used only once.B. Used water can be recycled.C. Recycled water is unfit for drinking.D. Only rain water is drinkable.10. How long does the mother wait for the young to hatchA. Five weeks.B. Ten weeks.C. Twelve weeks.D. Fifteen weeks.11. What was the fund raised for
7、A. For earthquake disaster in Africa.B. For devastated flood in Africa.C. For famine relief in Africa.D. For disease affected area in Africa.12. I Questions 9 and 10 are based on the fol lowing news. At the end of the news item, you wi 11 be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now Iisten to th
8、e news. /IHow did he want to bring about true democracy in HaitiA. By releasing all opposition politicians.B. By arming the public.C. Through popular insurrection.D. Through election.13. Pol icewomenA. work together with policemen on the graveyard.B. do the same thing as policemen.C. can have days o
9、ff but policemen cannot.D. don t have to work double-backs.14.IBTEXT A(/BJAn airI iner travel I ing from London to New York may take from five to f i fteen hours to cross the At I ant i c, while a space capsule makes one comp Iete circuit of the earth in about n i nety minutes. The sequence of event
10、s is very similar in both types of fIight: the vehicIe must take off, c I i mb to a su i tab Ie hei ght, fly in the r i ght d i rect i on at a relatively constant speed for an appropriate time, descend, and land at the dest i nat i on. Yet a I though fl ights to New York are rout i ne affairs which
11、a I most anyone may safe Iy undertake, a fIi ght into space is a hazardous adventure for which only a few seIected men are at present considered suitable.The most obvious difference between an aircraft and a space vehicle is that of speed, but this alone cannot account for the greater stamina requir
12、ed of astronauts. The human body is unaffected by speed alone and we are norma 11 y quite unconsc i ous of the earth s rotat i on on its axis, or of its rapid motion around the Sun. Of much greater importance is the rate at which the final speed is achieved, for the body is extremely sensitive to al
13、terations of velocity, or accelerations, especially if they are sudden. An airI iner can take a comparatively long time to reach its cruising speed of, say, 400mph, and its passengers wi11 experience acceleration only to a mi Id degree. The space capsule, however, must be hurled through the atmosphe
14、re to reach its final speed of 18, 000 mph as quickly as poss ible, and the acce I erat i on app I i ed by the I aunch i ng rocket must be correspondingly high. The first problem of manned space fI ight, therefore, is to match the performance of the rocket to the body1 s tolerance for acceleration,
15、and this naturally involves a study of the physiological effects of acceleration.Like al I other accelerations, gravity acts upon objects to produce a force, and this force is experienced as weight, or as pressure. It is usual and convenient to regard the earth s gravity as a standard unit, referred
16、 to as Ig, and also to use the expressions MforceM and acceleration“ as interchangeable.Most of our know I edge of the physiological effects of acceleration has come from studies on human centrifuges, in which acceleration is produced by rotation instead of by changing speed. It has been found that
17、human tolerance is greatly affected by the direction in which the force acts. When the acceleration is appI ied in I ine with the long axis of the body, the early symptoms are merely of difficulty in lifting the arms and legs, and of being thrust down into the seat. If the acceleration is raised to
18、3g or so, vision becomes sIightIy misty or veiled. As the stress is increased further, the field of view contracts from the edges, unti I at about 4. 5g only a smal I patch of central vision remains. With yet higher accelerations, even this smalI area is lost, and this is the state we 11 known to fi
19、ghter p i I ots as black-out. Finally, at about 5. 5g to 6g consciousness is lost.The remedy f 11ows logically: if tolerance depends upon the ability of the heart to push blood to the head, it shouId be possibIe to reduce the load by shortening the distance between heart and brain. Crouching, or ben
20、ding the head forward, would be one solution, but an even more satisfactory result can be achieved by placing the body across the I ine of thrust. The effort needed to pump blood to the brain is then quite sma11, for the heavy fluid does not have to be I ifted very far. In this position men have, wi
21、thstood an acceleration of 17g for a period of three or four minutes without loss of consciousness.Gravity and acceleration become important once more during the re-entry of the space capsule through the earth* s atmosphere. In this phase, al I the speed acquired at the cost of so much fuel during t
22、he launch must be lost. Deceleration has exact I y the same properties and physiological effects as acceleration, and the same precautions must be taken to avoid exceeding the I imits of tolerance. This is why the Amer ican plan involves turning the whole capsule round shortly before re-entry, so th
23、at the man is again pressed back into his protective couch.The highest, and shortest, deceleration of the entire fIight comes at the moment of impact with the land or water. Here the last remnants of the speed must be lost very suddenly, and forces of up to 30g can easi ly accompany descent to an un
24、yielding surface. The duration of this final insult is so short, however, that its physiological effects are neg Iigib Ie. No doubt the astronaut would regard the jolt as a we I come indication of his return to a normal 1g environment.What is the passage mainly concerned aboutA. Physiological proble
25、ms of space flight.B. Speed and gravity of space flight.C. Gravity and acceleration of space flight.D. Acceleration and deceleration of space flight.15. B Get rid of waste/B. Once the fundamenta I i nfrastructure is in place, the concept of the extended enterprise comes into play. It s not just abou
26、t integrated lowest-cost manufacturing and streamIined distribution processes, a I though both are key components. It invoIves taking waste out of the enti re value chain through effect ively impIement ing techno Iogy, a Iong with building strong aliiances and partnerships. Take General Electric (GE
27、), who has informed its suppl iers that it wi11 conduct its entire procurement process on the Internet via electronic procurement communities. So if a company wants to do business with GE, it needs to do it GE s way-on line. B Know the customers. /B Best-pract i ce compan i es today have a deep unde
28、rstand i ng of their customer base and their I eve I s of sat i sf act i on with their products and services. E-business wi11 have a dramatic impact on those companies who continue to market their products and services via the cost Iy face-to-face direct selling mode I. Compan i es who foster on Iin
29、e communities and communications with their customers wi 11 enjoy customer IoyaIty and market share. Information is power. Finally, none of the other three cornerstones is very meaningfuI without accurate profit information. The streamI ini ng process is impossible w i thout clear and accurate infor
30、mation about the company s activities and costs. Knowing which customers to nurture and which ones require more effort-even a modification of product and service delivery models is critical to understanding customer prof i tabi I ity. Mak i ng up profit deficiencies in volume from one customer set s
31、ubsidizing another is an oxymoron in a world of custom products and services. In a world where each customer can specify exact Iy what he wants, voI ume product d i ssoI ves into lot si zes of one. If you think you have profit margin squeeze today, imagine how much tighter things can become when you
32、r customers can compare shops online! Know I edge of true costs is imperative.What is the author1 s main intention in writing the passageA. To tell why you should shift to e-business.B. To inform you of some steps to bring your business online.C. To suggest that e-business will replace the conventio
33、nal business model. D. To advice you to regard the four cornerstones as your e-business model.16. BHTEXT D/BNot surprisingly, interaction among peopIes of different cultures is often filled with uncertainties and even difficulties. Take the matter of nthe Ianguage of space, identified by the anthrop
34、ologist Edward T. Hall. He notes that Arabs tend to get very close to other peopIe, close enough to breathe on them. When Arabs do not breathe on a person, it means that they are ashamed. But Americans insist on staying outside the range of other people9 s breath, viewing the odour as distastefuI. A
35、rabs ask, Why are Americans so ashamed They withhold their breath. Americans on the receiving end wonder, wWhy are the Arabs so pushy Americans typica11y back away as an Arab comes close, and the Arab fol lows. Such differences can have serious consequences. For examp I e, an Arab bus i ness represe
36、ntative may not trust an American who backs off. And the American may distrust the Arab for seeming so pushy.Culture is a taken-for-granted aspect of Iife, one we commonly overlook as we go about our daily activities. Yet it touches al I aspects of our I ives. Alexander Al land, Jr. a sociologist, p
37、rovides the following description:I remember watching a bI ind student several years ago walking across the campus of a large state university. He guided himseIf with a cane, tapping it against the sidewaIk which ran in spokes from buiIding to buiIding. AI though he knew the campus well, on that par
38、ticular occasion he became distracted for a moment and wandered onto the grass, where he immediately lost al I sense of direction. His movements became disorganised as he searched hope I ess I y for a b i t of cement. He became visibly pan i eked unt i I a passing student came up and led him back to
39、 the appropriate path. Once again he was able to continue toward his class unaided.I was struck by the similarities of this situation to the situation of a 11 human be i ngs who have grown up within a part icu lar soc i a I env i ronment. Out of an incredibly Iarge number of possible ways of living
40、successfu11y, al I normal human beings operate within a narrow framework of convention. The convention is sometimes limiting and perhaps to certain individuals unsatisfying, but it provides a set of rules which act as gu i de Ii nes for act i on.What does the Ianguage of space refer toA. Language us
41、ed in space science.B. Language used by peoples of different cultures.C. Language that may cause misunderstanding between people.D. One of the non-verbal languages.17. IBTEXT B/BChr i stmas is a sad season. The phrase came to Char I ie an instant after the alarm clock had woken him and named for him
42、 an amorphous depression that had troub led him al I the prev i ous even hag. The sky outs ide his wi ndow was black. He sat up i n-bed and pulled the I ight chain that hung in front of his nose. Christmas is a very sad day of the year, he thought. Of al I the mill ions of peopIe in New York, I am p
43、ractically the only one who has to get up in the cold black of 6 a. m. on Christmas Day in the morning; I am practically the only one.He dressed, and when he went downstairs from the top floor of the rooming house in which he I ived, the only sounds he heard were the coarse sounds of sleep; the only
44、 I ights burning were I ights that had been forgotten. Char Iie ate some breakfast in an a 11-n i ght lunch wagon and took an eIevated train uptown. From Thi rd Avenue, he waIked over to Sutton Place. The neighbourhood was dark. House after house put into the shine of the street I ights a wal I of b
45、lack windows. Mill ions and mi 11 ions were sIeeping, and this general loss of consciousness generated an impression of abandonment, as if this were the fa 11 of the city, the end of time.He opened the iron-and-glass doors of the apartment building where he had been working for six months as an elev
46、ator operator, and went through the eIegant lobby to a locker room at the back. He put on a striped vest with brass buttons, a false ascot, a pair of pants with a I ight blue stripe on the seam, and a coat. The night eIevator man was dozing on the I itt Ie bench in the car. Char I ie woke him. The n
47、ight elevator man told him thickly that the day doorman had been taken sick and wouldn9 t be in that day. With the doorman sick, Charlie wouldn t have any relief for Iunch, and a lot of peopIe would expect him to whistle for cabs.Char I ie had been on duty a few minutes when 14 rang-Mrs. Hewing, who
48、, he happened to know, was kind of immoral. Mrs, Hewing hadn t been to bed yet, and she got into the eIevator wearing a long dress under her fur coat. She was f 11 owed by her two funny Iook i ng dogs. He took her down and watched her go out into the dark and take her dogs to the curb. She was outside for only a few minutes. Then she came in and he took her up to 14 again. When she got off the elevator, she said, Merry Christmas, Charlie. MWei lv it isn t much a hoi iday for me, Mrs. Hewing, he said. I think Christmas is a very sad season of the year. It