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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点总结带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）Try to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语,由between work and relaxation可知，句子说“努力在工作和 休闲之间保持平衡，因此空格处是“平衡，即balance, keep a balance betweenand
2、是固定短语，意为“在和之间保持平衡，应选B。2、Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A. basises名词,basis的复数形式，意为基础；B.basic形容词, 意为“基本的；基础的；C. basis名词，意为基础;D.based形容词,意为在居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的。the basis of的基础,用名词的单数形式。应选C。3、Finding time for both studies and extra-curricula
3、r activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间；B.times时代；C.schedule时间表；D.schedules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知，抽 the brains of children.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits答案：D
4、解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为它可以给孩子们的大脑开展带来好处。A. systems系 统；B. priorities 优先权；C. barriers 障碍；D. benefits 利益。根据it can bring to the development of the brains of children可知，教授音乐对大脑开展带来好处。应选D。31、We had chemistry in the newly built lab.以上句子中 chemistry 的成分是：A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.状语答案：c解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们在新建的实验室里上化学课。分
5、析句子可知，chemistry在这里作谓语动词had的 宾语，意为化学课。应选C。32、 In less than one minute, a large city lay in.A. rescueB. regardsC. ruinsD. request答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成了一片废墟。A. rescue营救；B.regards问候；C. ruins废墟；D.request要求。根据a large city lay”可知，在一分钟之内,城市应该变为废墟。应选C项。33 I wanted to pay the train, but my friend
6、insisted. Finally I had to.A. fee; give upB. fare; give inC. money; give outD. fare; give away答案：B 解析:10 考查名词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想付火车票，但我的朋友坚持要我付。最后我不得不让步。A.fee费 用；give up 放弃；B. fare 车费；give in 让步；C. money 金钱;give out 分发;D. fare 车费;give away 赠送。train fare火车票费用。根据 but my friend insisted .可知，朋友坚持付车票钱，所以作者不得
7、不让步。应选B。34 The event didnt live up to.A. expectedB. unexpectedC. expectationsD. expecting答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：这次活动辜负了人们的期望。live up to expectations到达预期，不负所望，用复数名词expectations, 应选 Co35、 For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond theirA. inspiratio
8、nB. restorationC. fascinationD. comprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A.inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；D. comprehension 理解。根据“For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选D。36、 Youd better make extra copies of this
9、 important file in case you need it for future.A. preferences. potentialC. referenceD. reservation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把这局部重要文件额外复制一下，以备将来参考需要。A.preference偏爱；B.potential潜力；Preference参考；D.reservation预定。结合句意可知，reference参考符合句意，应选择C项。1137、 To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. sati
10、sfactions. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是，超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B.sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐；D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of people died of Covid-19”可知，因为 500 万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。38 As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. char
11、acterB. opinionC. statueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格；B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑;D.figure人物。根据常识可知,姚明是一个公众人物,因此空格处是人物。 应选Do39、She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer.A. impactB. pressureC. impressionD. description答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句
12、意：她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. impact影响；B.pressure压力；C. impression印象；D.description描述。根据She spoke very confidently ,可知她说话很自信,因为她想给雇主 留下好印象。应选C项。40 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. perseveranceB. interactionC. appreciationD. amusement12答案：A解析
13、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。A.perseverance坚持不懈；B.interaction相互作用;C.appreciation感激；D.amusement可笑。根据句意可知，节 食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。应选A选项。41、 He is living of the wonders of modern medicine.A. comebackB. philosophyC. proofD. belief答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是现代医学奇迹的活生生的证明。A. comeback复出，东山再起
14、；B. philosophy 生活信条;C.proof证明;D.belief信仰。根据后文“the wonders of modern medicine”可知，他是现代医学奇迹 的证明。应选C项。42Covid-19 vaccines are used to strengthen the bodys to infection.A. resolutionB. reservationC. resistanceD. separation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：新冠病毒疫苗用于增强身体对感染的抵抗力。A. resolution决心；B.reservation预 约；C.resistanc
15、e阻力,抵抗力；D. separation别离。根据后文to infection指增强身体对感染的抵抗力， resistance符合语境。应选CoIn a conversation between two persons, 65% of is done through body language.A. informationB. pronunciationC. introductionD. communication答案：D解析：13考查名词。句意：在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。A:information信息；B:pronunciation 发音；C:introducti
16、on 介绍;D:communication 交流。根据in a conversation （在对话中）”可知是 进行交流。应选Do44、This information allows businessmen to keep of their list of goods by showing which items are beingsold and how fast they are moving.A. sightB. trackC. touchD. sign答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息通过显示正在出售的商品和商品移动的速度，使商人能够跟踪他们的商 品清单。A. sight
17、视力；B. track 踪迹；C. touch 触碰;D. sign 迹象。根据后文of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving”可知指跟踪他们的商品清单,应用 keep track ofo 应选Bo45、What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital on
18、 your success.A. effortB. effectC. affectionD. affect答案：B解析：考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为 将对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力;B. effect影响；C.affection喜爱；D.affect影响。根据句意可知，行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。46、 I am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good of directio
19、n.A. ideaB. feelingC. experienceD. sense答案：D 解析:14 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信大卫能找到图书馆。他的方向感很好。A. idea想法；B. feeling感情；C.experience经历；D. sense感觉。结合后文of direction表示方向感短语为a sense of direction。应选D。47 My teacher has given me lots of. They/re very useful.A. informationB. newsC. suggestionsD. advice答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：
20、我的老师给了我很多建议。他们是非常有用的。A. information信息、，不可数名词;news新闻，不可数名词；C.suggestions建议，可数名词复数；D.advice建议，不可数名词。根据后文 The/re可知，此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。应选C。48、 Literally, overcapacity （产能过乘U） pressured operating margins （利润）,impacting players that lack scale or management to reduce costs.A. stabilityB. fluenc
21、yC. persistenceD. expertise答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，产能过剩给运营利润率带来了压力，影响了那些缺乏规模或管理经验以 降低本钱的企业。A. stability稳定性；B. fluency流畅性；C.persistence坚持，持久性；D.expertise专长,专 门知识。management expertise为固定短语,意为“管理才干，符合句意。应选D。49、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A. magazinesB. photosC. phonesD. works答案
22、：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B.photos照片； C phones ;D.works作品。由后文“I miss you very much!”可知,因为非常想念,所以此处表示寄一些照片给我。应选B。1550、 The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivals, survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. surviv
23、or; survival答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存,survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存,survivor 幸存者；C.survival 幸存，survivor 幸存者；D.survivor 幸存者， survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是幸存者survivor；第二空处意为她的幸存， 第二空是名词嶂存survival。应选D。51 You can get a general of our school.A. impressiveB. impressionC
24、. impressD. impressed答案：B解析：考查名词和词性。句意：你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.impression Ep 象；C.impress使留下深刻印象；D.impressed印象深刻的。general是形容词，修饰名词，空格处是名位I impression,意为印象,前面有冠词a,空格处用单数,应选B。52、 As a player, Lang Ping brought and glory to her country.A. injureB. improveC. honestD. honour答案：D解析：考查动词、名词、形容
25、词词性和词义辨析。句意：作为一名运发动，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。A. injure伤害，动词；B. improve提高，动词;C. honest老实的，形容词;D.honour荣誉,名词或动词。分析句 子可知，空处与glory一起作brought的宾语，用名词；根据句意可知，郎平为国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。应选 D项。53、-Can you see the building clearly in the foggy day?16一 It makes no to me whether its foggy or not, for Km blind.A. senseB. mistakeC. di
26、fferenceD. meaning答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：一一在雾天你能清楚地看到那座建筑物吗?一一不管雾不雾对我都没有关系，因为我看不见。A.sense意识；B.mistake错误；C.difference不同；D.meaning意义。由fo门m blind （因 为我看不见）可知，句子表示不管雾不雾对我都没有关系，make no difference to sb.为固定短语，意为对某 人来说无所谓/没关系，因此空格处为difference,应选C。54、请选出与释义能力匹配的单词。A. confidenceB. competitionC. competenceD.
27、 convenience答案：c解析：考查词汇意思。A. confidence 信心;B. competition 竞争；C. competence 能力;D. convenience 便利。应选 C。55、What made Cunningham great was his devotion to.A. photographB. photographyC. photographerD. photographic答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意:Cunningham的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱。A. photograph照片；B.photography摄影；C.photograph
28、er摄影师；D.photographic摄影的。空处应填名词作宾语,结合句意,此处 指对摄影的热爱，photography符合题意。应选B。56、Sandra Oh, actress of Killing Eve, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.A. distinctionB. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination答案：A17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓(Sandra Oh)是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.dis
29、tinction 荣誉，勋章;B. discrimination 区别,歧视;C. description 描述，描写；D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个Award (奖项)，她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，应选Ao57、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.A. campaigns. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝
30、对的信心。A. campaign运动；caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help可 知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示对某人有信心。应选C。58、Safety should be a in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issuesearly can actually save money, long-t
31、erm, for companies.A. priorityB. paceC. poseD. peak答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在任何行业中，平安都应该是优先考虑的问题，对于公司来说，尽早解决平安问 题实际上可以长期节省资金，这一点也不奇怪。A. priority优先；B.pace速度；C.pose姿势；D. peak山峰。 根据前后文“Safety should be a in any industry指平安是优先考虑的问题，应用priority。应选A。59 The stronger the is, the more quickly a person will learn a
32、foreign language.A. motivations. contributionC. pressureD. possibility答案：A 解析:18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个人学习外语的动力越强，他就会学得越快。A. motivation动力；B.contribution 贡献;C. pressure 压力;D. possibility 可能性。根据后文“the more quickly a person will learn aforeign language”可知,此处指学习外语的动力越强，就学得越快,应用motivation。应选A。60s Organize all th
33、e information you have collected according to your.A. outcomeB. outgoingC. outlineD. output答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据你的提纲要点组织你收集到的所有信息。A. outcome结果；B. outgoing外出; C.outline提纲，概要；D. output输出。根据句意可知，根据提纲概要，组织所有信息，逻辑合理。应选C项。61、 It is clear that in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A. mo
34、tivationsB. expectationsC. opportunitiesD. achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations期望；C.opportunities机会；D.achievements成就。根据demands可知，现代社会对学生有 很高的期望和要求。应选B项。62、Here is a memo for your when you answer the phones.A. consultantB. recommendationC. recognitionD.
35、reference答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐；C. recognition识别；D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your指将备忘录作为接 的参 考，应用reference。应选D。63、 Whats the matter? Hes been walking around with.19出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计划，而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提出：根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知
36、应填单数还是复数。4、The government has announced a new to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室气体的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget预算；C. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据“announced及to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions可
37、知,initiative建议;新方案符合句意。应选C。5、 It was discovered that children dislike watching their siblings fight. In fact, they respond to by supportingone sibling and pushing the other.A. commentsB. reflectionsC. argumentsD. occasions答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们发现孩子们不喜欢看兄弟姐妹打架。事实上，他们对争吵的反响是支持兄弟 姐妹中的一个，并且排挤另一个。A. comme
38、nts评论;B. reflections反思，反射；C.arguments争吵；D.occasions场合，机会。根据前文fight和句意可知，此处指对争吵的反响。应选C项。6、I want you both to be on your best at Grandads.OK, we will, Mum.A. opportunityB. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose答案：C 解析:He failed the examination.A. a long faceB. a wide faceC. a straight faceD. a good face答案：A解析：
39、考查名词短语辨析。句意：一有什么事吗?他一直愁眉苦脸地走来走去。一他考试不及格。A.alongface板着 脸，愁眉苦脸；B. a wide face一张宽的脸；C.a straight face没有表情的脸，一本正经的脸；D. a good face好 的相貌。由语意可知，他考试不及格导致他愁眉苦脸。应选A项。64、 His rude behavior was really a, which made his friends embarrassed.A. virtueB. visionC. leisureD. disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使
40、他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B.vision 视力，视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassecT可 知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。65 Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A. admissionB. distinctionC. boundaryD. approval答案：
41、A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取;B.distinction 区别；C.boundary 边界；D.approval 批准由“Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students可知，句子表示“大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大 学，因此空格处是录取，进入，应选A。66、 My parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to lear
42、n English well.20A. effect; effortB. effort; effectC. creativity; punishmentD. punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响;努力;B. effort; effect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 创造力；惩罚;D. punishment; creativity 惩 罚；创造力。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.,
43、意为对有影响；对起作用,产生效 果。make efforts to do sth.意为竭尽全力做某事句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。67 I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动
44、词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。68、The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my, peers, and subordinates.A. alumniB. internsC. colleaguesD. seniors答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友;interns 实习生；C. colleagues 同事；D. seniors 长辈。根据后面 peers （同龄人）
45、and subordinates （下属）， 可知此处应该是长辈。应选D项。69Xingyi is one of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A. citiesB. cityC. snackD. snacks21答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city：城市；snack：小吃。根据one of +名词复数, 排除B,C,再由句意选择A。70 Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and
46、theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。71、This morning, Jenny was praised by our English teacher beca
47、use of her good in the Englishcompetition.A. performB. performingC. performedD. performance答案：D解析：考查名词词性转换。句意：今天早晨，詹妮被英语老师表扬了，因为她在这次英语竞赛中的良好表现。分析 可知空格处是名词作宾语，指英语竞赛中的良好表现，故应用名词performance,此处为不可数名词。应选D 项。72、While the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was under construction, how to protect the delicate ecosystem w
48、as among the top.A. concernsB. trendsC. characteristicsD. preferences答案：A22解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管青藏铁路在建设中，但是如何保护脆弱的生态环境列在了最大的担忧之列。A. concerns担忧；B. trends潮流；C.characteristics特征；D. preferences偏好。根据常识可知，对生态环境的破 坏问题是公众所担忧的问题，只有A项符合语义逻辑，应选A项。73、 In the of proof, the police could not take action against the man.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. failure答案：C