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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）Its not necessary to buy any special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A. entertainmentB. announcementC. equipmentD. disappointment答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐；B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。 由Just a pai
2、r of good running shoes will do” 可知，句子说不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了，因此空格处是设备，即equipment,应选Co2、Im pleased that we do have the to produce so much food.A. frictionB. clueC. capacityD. physician答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我们有能力生产这么多食物。A. friction摩擦力；B.clue线索；C. capacity （领悟或理解、办事）能力；D.physician医师，内科医生。根据前后文句意可知，此处指
3、有能力生产足够的 食物。应选C项。3、Jay Leno, the host of the Tonight show, once said that every new challenge put all the resources of the host to the test, and most solutions belonged to the.A. accidentB. customC. eventD. occasion答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jay Leno曾经说过，每一次挑战都在测试主持人的资源，大多数的解决方法都属于偶然。A. accident偶然；B.custom风
4、俗；C.event工程,大事件；D.occasion场合。根据句意分析可知,此处解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀;record 记录；C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文“for happiness and a long life及“Living every day to the full, definitely”可知,此处指“秘诀。应选 A 项。31、We will be posting a series of regularly form now on so those w
5、ho read our posts won/t beconcerned about us.A. issuesB. updatesC. descriptionsD. schedules答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那些阅读我们的帖子的人不 总挂念我们。A. issues发行；B. updates最新消息；C.descriptions描写；D. schedules计划。根据句意可知， 为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示最新消息， 应用updates,应选B。32、Weve made our pla
6、ns, and now we must put them into.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已订好计划，现在必须付诸实施。A. fact事实；B. practice实践；C. reality现 实；D. deed 行动。根据上文Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into”指把计划付诸实施应用 put into practiceo 应选 B。33 In many the new version is not as good as the old one
7、.A. packsB. aspectsC. stylesD. points答案：B 解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，新版本不如旧版本好。A. packs背包；B. aspects方面；C.styles方式;D. points要点。根据后文“the new version is not as good as the old one指在许多方面新版本不如旧版本好,应用aspecto应选BoMore recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electro
8、nic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the to zzsmall, languages.A. threatB. siteC. rangeD. extinction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，金融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息传播以及全球化的其他方面都加剧了对“小语言的威胁。A.threat威胁;B. site地点;遗址；C.range范围;D.extinction灭绝。根据句意可知，金 融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息传播以及全球化会促进语言的统一，因此会威胁到小语言，导致其消失。应选Ao35
9、We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B.signal信号；C.sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。36、 Im sure his speech has had a great on the people there.Yes, they were deeply moved.A. impactB. advanc
10、eC. harmonyD. accommodation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。一一是的，他们被深深地打动了。11A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐；D. accommodation 住处。根据they were deeply moved.“可 知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。37、 Patience is an important of a happy and rewarding life. After all, there is always something worthwait
11、ing for in our life.A. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：耐心是快乐而有意义的生活的重要品质。毕竟，在我们的生活中总有一些值得等 待的东西。A. lesson课程;B. experience经历；C.purpose目的；D.quality品质。根据上文“Patience is an important指耐心是重要品质，应用quality。应选D。38、 Many stations have wheelchair from the car park or entrance to the sta
12、tion platforms.A. approvals. averageC. accessD. angle答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车站都有从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。A. approval赞成；B. average平 均数；C. access 通道；D. angle 角度。由下文from the car park or entrance to the station platforms可知，此处 说的是从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。应选C。小提示：39、It might be very difficult to find the of the information.A
13、. causeB. resourceC. courseD. source答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。A.cause原因;B.resource资源；C.course课 程；D.source来源。根据句意可知，要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。应选D项。1240、 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带
14、来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B. relief慰藉；C. preference爱好，偏好；D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断，这是我” 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。41、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用
15、毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。42 Police have arrested a in a series of killing in the city.A. suspectB. conflictC. virus答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方在该市的一系列谋杀案中逮捕了嫌疑犯。A.suspec
16、t嫌疑犯；B.conflict矛盾； C.virus病毒。根据a series of killing in the city”,可知此处是指抓到了一个嫌疑犯。应选A。43 There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B13解析: 考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。
17、A.ambition雄心抱负；B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching thisscreen和Norwegian %o可知，此处表达小说的电影“改编版本，应选B。44、 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B. noisy adj.噪杂的
18、;C. voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。to increasing the companys profits.45 These measures have been taken with a (n)A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B.intention意图；目的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的。短语with a view to表示为了；指望，是固定搭配，而其他选项没 有这样的搭配。应选A。46、Th
19、e beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyondA. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B. selection选择；C. description描述;D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容,beyond description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。1447、The police offered a $20
20、0 for any information leading to the arrest of the murderer.A. awardB. priceC. rewardD. prize答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:警方悬赏200美元悬赏，以获取可以抓捕凶手的任何信息。A. award奖品、授予; B. price价格；C.reward悬赏金、报酬；D.prize奖品、重要人物。分析语境可知，空格处用reward表示悬赏 金、报酬符合语境。应选C项。48、A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think she should belie
21、ve in. Thats the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; herC. my aunts; herself答案：c解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe inoneself（相信自己）。应选Co49、Lack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships
22、 andyour self-esteem.A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benefit. destroyD. expectation . decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment评论，differ“有区别，有分歧；respect尊敬，damage损害；伤害”；benefit“益处；好处，destroy“毁坏；expectation期待，decorate装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系15和自尊。应选B。小提小：50、 We stay
23、 in with each other by telephone.A. contactB. contractC. constructD. confuse答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B. contract合同；C.construct构想;D. confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与 有联系。应选A。51、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whetherhe ha
24、s an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力;动机;B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据 “whether he has an interest in it可知,感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。52、Do you have a work for this wee
25、k, Doreen?A. headlineB. attitudeC. scheduleD. identity答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你这周有工作安排吗，多琳？ A. headline头条新闻；B.attitude态度；C. schedule 日程、计划；D. identity身份。这里指工作安排。应选C。53、 We should make joint efforts, for your contribution will make a to the cause of peace.16A. differenceB. determinationC. commentD. challe
26、nge答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同；B. determination决心；C ment评论；D.challenge挑战。结合句意可知,此处为固定短语：make a difference“有影响，有关系”。应选A。54、The first warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD. image
27、答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义，signal station,意为“信号站,能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号，signal作station的定 语，符合语境，应选C项。55、He made a greatto the development of the new medicine.A. challengeB. contributionC. characterD. conc
28、ern答案：B 解析: 考查名词。句意：他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A. challenge挑战；B.contribution贡献；C.character角色；D. concern担忧。分析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指他对此做出了贡献, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。56、Scientists want to bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. a
29、ncestor17答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种子；D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。应选A。57、 I think it to read English storybooks and its a great way to improve my English.A. interests. inter
30、estingC. interestsD. interested答案：B解析：考查词义辨析。句意：我觉得读英语故事书很有趣，这是提高我英语水平的好方法。A. interest名词，兴趣， 爱好；B. interesting形容词，有趣的；C.interests名词，利益，好处；D. interested形容词，感兴趣的。分析 可知，本句使用了 think it+adj.+to do的句式，it为形式宾语，adj.此处为宾补，不定式结构为真正的宾语，表 示读英语故事书，所以要用ing结尾形容词。应选B。58、Last week his performance secured him the for
31、 Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival.A. rewardB. prizeC. awardD. bonus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，他的表演为他赢得了好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖。reward报酬；奖 励；prize奖金；award”奖；奖品；bonus”额外津贴；红利，根据下文“for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival可知，此处说的是好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖，应选C。59、 Thanks to the of the experienced
32、worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonusC. bugD. guidance答案：D 解析:18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力； B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障;D.guidance指导。结合句意中，经验丰富的工人,可知guidance”指导，符合句意, 应选择D项。60、 Mums Little Bank“ was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke
33、 her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. functionsD. individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的小银行被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies“紧急情况符合句意，应选择A项。61
34、Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test results.A. confirmationB. missionC. institutionD. foundation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirmation确认； B.mission任务;Constitution机构;D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境，可知应是确认测试结果,应选A。62、 The round mooncake is a of reunion and
35、happiness in Chinese culture.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. view答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国文化中，圆圆的月饼是团圆和幸福的象征。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号;C. sign 迹象;D. view 观点。 由上下文“The round mooncake is a of reunion and happiness in Chinese19表示解决方式属于偶然，表达为accident。应选A。4、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools bec
36、ause of the it can bring to the development ofchildrens brains.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系，系 统；B. priorities 优先事项；C. barriers 障碍;D. benefits 好处。根据Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools推知，音乐对儿童大脑的开展是有好处的。应选D。小提示
37、：5 My brother is a policeman.戈ij线成分是A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中，my brother为主语，is为系动词，a policeman在系 动词后作表语。应选Do6、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualificationB. preferenceC. expectationD. blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B
38、.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo7、 He cant be a doctor, for the of blood always makes him feel sick.2culture.可知，在中国文化中，月饼是团圆和幸福的象征，应选A。63 A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the week/s events.A. antiqueB. durationC. h
39、ighlightD. scenery答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为期一周的庆祝活动将以激动人心的番茄大战作为本周活动的亮点。A. antique古 董；B. duration 持续时间;C. highlight 最好的局部;D. scenery 风景。根据an exciting tomato battle可知， highlight最好的局部符合句意。应选C。64、 It was discovered that children dislike watching their siblings fight. In fact, they respond to by supportingon
40、e sibling and pushing the other.A. commentsB. reflectionsC. argumentsD. occasions答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们发现孩子们不喜欢看兄弟姐妹打架。事实上，他们对争吵的反响是支持兄弟 姐妹中的一个，并且排挤另一个。A. comments评论；B.reflections反思，反射；C.arguments争吵；D.occasions场合，机会。根据前文fight和句意可知，此处指对争吵的反响。应选C项。65、 I want you both to be on your best at Grandads.OK,
41、we will, Mum.A. opportunityB. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会；B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。2066、After the flood, the first thing the government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. acc
42、ommodationB. qualificationC. occupationD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accommodation 住宿；B. qualification 资格；C. occupation 职业；D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。67、The organization assists people based on need and gives the t
43、op to those in the most serious andimmediate danger.A. devotionB. divisionC. potentialD. priority答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予 优先考虑。A. devotion献身;B. division分开;C.potential潜能;D.priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the to
44、p priority to。应选Do68、We enjoy the great of shopping online, but there is also a high risk because we can be tricked bydishonest sellers.A. convenienceB. confidenceC. experienceD. intelligence答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们享受着网上购物的极大便利，但也有很高的风险，因为我们可能被不老实的 卖家欺骗。A. convenience 方便，便利；B. confidence 信心；C. experi
45、ence 经验；D. intelligence 智力，才智。21 根据句意和生活常识可知，网上购物给我们带来了极大的便利，convenience意为方便，便利，符合句意。 应选A项。69、Knowing the great of education on peoples life,he set up a school in 2016 to help children in remoteareas to receive an education.A. sourceB. qualityC. advanceD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。句意：知道教育对人们生活的巨大影响，他在2016
46、年创办了一所学校，帮助偏远地区的儿童 接受教育。A.source源头;B.quality质量;C.advance进步；D.impact影响。根据句意可知,他在偏远地区创 建了一所学校是因为他知道教育对人们生活有着巨大的影响，impact on 对有影响。应选D。70、The first week was a little confusing.以上句子中黑体加粗的是.A.名词短语B.形容词短语C.介词短语D.副词短语答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。71、 You
47、seem to be in no to go to the cinema with me.So lets stay at home watching TV.A. feelingB. emotionC. attitudeD. mood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你似乎没有心情和我一起去看电影。所以让我们呆在家里看电视吧。A. feeling感 觉；B. emotion情感;C. attitude态度；D. mood心情。根据第二句句意可知,此处表示“没有心情去看电影, 短语in no mood表示没有心情，为固定搭配，应选D。72、 People were at his sudden
48、death. It was really to them.22A. shocked; shockedB. shocked; a shockC. shocking; a shockD. shocking; shocking答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：人们对他的突然去世感到震惊。这对他们来说真是一个打击。主语是人，往往用- ed形式形容词。be shocked at对很震惊。shock作为名词，为可数名词，表示“突然而来的打击，使人震惊 的事，前面常加不定冠词a。应选B。73、Studying is very important, but as parents, wed better not put too much on chi