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1、新高考定语从句关系副词的用法+专项练习定语从句-关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why。关系副词的作用如下：指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；在从句中充当句子成分-状语；起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。（-）关系副词引导定语从句（1） when引导的定语从句when表示时间，指代先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的 名词,如 time, day, week, year 等。We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of
2、6,000 meters in the sky.-我们永远忘不了在6000米高空飞行的那一天。【误区警示】领先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when引导，也可用that或which引导，关键 看关系词在从句中作何种成分。假设关系词在定语从句中作状语，那么用when引导；假设关系词 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，那么用that或which引导。Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?-你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？ （when在从句中作状语）Do you still remember th
3、e days that/which we spent together on the farm ?-你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？ （that/which在从句中作宾语）（2） where引导的定语从句where表示地点，指代先行词并在定语从句上作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的 名词（如 place, factory, house, village 等）或表示抽象地点的名词（如 position, point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere, condition, activity, job 等）。-Its helpful to put c
4、hildren in a situation where they can see themselves differently.-把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。【误区警示】领先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，那么用that或which引 导定语从句。This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago.-这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（that / which在从句中作主语）（3） why引导的定语从句why表示原因，指代先行词并在定语从
5、句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示理由的名 词 reason oI dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.-我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。【误区警示】假设代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，那么用that 或which引导定语从句。I wont believe the reason that / which you have given me.-我不会相信你给我的那个理由。（that/which在从句中作宾语）（二）关系代词与关系副词的
6、选用定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下方法判断：1）-依据：根据从句的谓语。-用法：是及物动词，后面假设无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词那么用关系副词。2）：-依据：根据关系词在从句中作的成分。-用法：假设关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，用关，系代词；作状语那么用关系副词。1This is the factory that/which I visited last year.-这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。（visit是及物动词）2This is the factory where he used to work.-这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。（work是不及物动词）3Is this t
7、he museum that/which was built last year?-这就是去年建成的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺主语）4Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?-这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺地点状语）（三）where引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别类别引导定语从句引导状语从句where的作用关系副词附属连词修饰谁前面的地点名词主句或主句谓语动词替换“介词+ which”能不能从句位置主句中间或主句之后主句之前或主句之后1）： Is there a shop around where（=in which ） I can
8、blow my bike tyres up?-附近有家店可以让我给我的自行车车胎打气吗？（定语从句）2）： Where there is a will,there is a way.-有志者,事竟成。（地点状语从句）3）： -We should go where we are needed.-我们应当到需要我们的地方去。（地点状语从句）专项练习一、单句语法填空：1. You have entered into an age it is not fortune but knowledge that makes you rich.2. Finally, we got to a factory ma
9、ny mobile phones of high quality were produced.3. We will postpone the picnic in the park until next week,the weather may be better.4. When I arrived, my friend took me to see the flat I would be staying.5. The reason he explained at the meeting sounds professional.1. 1 didnt experience such an adve
10、nture until the fifth grade,T was an innocent child.7. It was in the village he once lived that he got his junior education.8. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.9. It is generally believed that the earth is not likely to be the only planet life has developedgradually
11、.10. The pilot is a challenging job you need to be calm at all times.二、合并句子：1. The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house eight years ago.The house has been pulled down.2. Do you remember the days? On those days we played together.-Do you remember the days?3. The reason is unknown. He los
12、t heart.The reason is unknown.4. Well go to see the famous singer. We have often talked about the famous singer.一Well go to see the famous singer.5. The man is my friend. You talked with the man.-The man is my friend.三、用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文:California, official nickname is the Golden State, is one of th
13、e fastest growing states in the United States. The first people 2 explored and settled in California were theSpaniards, 3 gave Spanish names to its two great cities, Los Angeles and SanFrancisco. 1849 was the year 4 Americans came and it was also the time 5_gold was discovered.The reason 6 the men 7
14、 made movies came to California was 8the weather here was fine. The sun allowed them to take pictures outdoors nearly every day in the year. Hollywood, 9 lies in the northwestern part of the city of Los Angeles, became the movie capital of the world. When oil was discovered, people came to work in t
15、he oil field. World War II was the period 10 many large airplane factories were built in California.参考答案:一、l.when 2.where3.when4.where 5.that/which6.when 7. where8. where9. where 10. where二、1 .where he lived eight years ago2 . when we played together.why he lost heart3 .who/whom we have often talked about.who/whom you talked with三、1 .whose2.that/who 3.who4.when 5.when6.why7.who9.which 8.that10. when