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1、2023年高考英语复习讲练测第15讲阅读理解七选五（溺）时间：45分钟 总分值：50分（每题2分） A（2022全国高考真题）Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette （礼节）might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1. Knowingsome tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you ar
2、e in the world.Chopstick RulesThe way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.2 .Hands or Utensils （餐具）In India and the Middle East, its c
3、onsidered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may nevertouch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making
4、Requests4. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like theirseasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in variou
5、s countries. 5, the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.A. The more friends you make in your lifetimeThe more time you spend in any given countryB. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensilsDont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaura
6、ntC. Its a good sign fbr the chef if you make a mess around your plateNever stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use themD. It may seem like a simple request to ask fbr salt and pepper at a meal【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。1. D【解析】根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dinin
7、g Out （外出就餐时要知道的重要事情）”可 知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Dont get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant （不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误）”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中 的When Dining Out”,同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family 一 no matter where you
8、 are in the world.（知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享 受一顿愉快的晚餐无论你在世界的哪个地方）。应选D。2. F【解析】根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规那么。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.（当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子 边缘
9、平行了）”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them （不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置）”讲述的 也是使用筷子时的考前须知，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。应选F。3. C【解析】根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils （餐具）”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据 上文“In India and the Middle East, its considered very r
10、ude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.（在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每 只手拿一个餐具吃饭）”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands （相反更愿意使用他们的双手）”可知，此处 在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils （墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不
11、合适的广符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。应选C。4. G【解析】根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下 文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you dont like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.（在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这 向厨师说明你不喜欢他们的调味
12、技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪）”可推知， 在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal （吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单）”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时 提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。应选GoB 解析根据下文“the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.（你就会对 它的
13、外国文化习俗感到越舒服厂可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+ 比拟级，the+比拟级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country （你在某个国家待的时间越长）” 符合文意，引出下文。应选B。B（2022全国高考真题）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保持）long-distance friendships.Set a regular dateLong
14、-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact （联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 6.More isnt always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be cont
15、acted and what method works best fbr you both. 7. There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.Practise empathy （共情）8. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on thefriend who has mo
16、ved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.9Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.
17、Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends, birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.Dont rely on technology alone0, but long-distance friendships - even close ones - may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How
18、 to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important dates B Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful fbr you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred method
19、s of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。5. D【解析】JlWith busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. （平日繁忙，很难抽出 时间打 。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打 ，D项“尽量
20、找个双方都有空的时间去打 ，并坚持下去给出了解决没时间打 这个问题的方法，符合题意。应选D项。6. E【解析】上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系 的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他 们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的
21、沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.（除 了 持续的文字交流，还有其 他选择，比方留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的“methods of communicatiorT进行了举例说明，上下 文语意连贯。应选E项。7. G【解析】下文The fHend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和The one in the new environment”（在新 环境中的那个）提到朋友的
22、两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一 方指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining,所以 G 项符合题意。 应选G项。8. A【解析】分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文 Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in l
23、ong-distance friendships.（周年纪念日和生日对于异 地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的, 由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子，所以A项符合题意。应选A项。9. F【解析】设空处所在句子的后半句but long-distance friendships 一 even close ones 一 may require more conscious effort to sustain.（但是异地友谊甚至是关系亲密的友谊 可能需要更加自觉地去维系。） 讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“b
24、ut”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容 易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句 require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的social media”呼应了该段的小标题Dont rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。应选F项。C（2021 全国高考真题）If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which yo
25、u read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right
26、distance from your eyes. 1213 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.If you decide th
27、at you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 14 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read o
28、ne page.Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 15 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You dont have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .A. Stop to have a rest
29、now and then.B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.G. Keep the
30、room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。11. D 解析根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefi
31、ts of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重 要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提 高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读 速度的建议。）符合语境。应选D。12. G 【解析】根据本段主题句“Befbre you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你翻开书 之前，确
32、保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以防止困倦。）符合语境。应选G。13. B【解析】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B 项：Spend a few minutes looking through th
33、e book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。应选B。14. C解析根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史
34、书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。应选C。15. E【解析】根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张 纸。）可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E 项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把 任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。应选E。D（2021 北京高考
35、真题）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for manypeople. 16 The mental health benefits from music cant be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.17 However, fbr the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By
36、distracting （分 心）the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 18 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tie
37、d back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to heart health, there is speculation （推测）that its not the style of music, but rather
38、 the tempo that makes it so good fbr your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 9 On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants1 stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on hea
39、rt rates appeared to follow suit.20 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial fbr, which is what makes music so valuable.A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud
40、.C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiet
41、y.G. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。16. F【解析】空格后说“The mental health benefits from music can*t be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋 庸置疑的），F 选项 It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety 中 的 stres
42、s and anxiety照应了 mental health benefits,因此F选项切合题意，应选F。17. B【解析】 空格后说“However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而， 出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时丁音乐是非常有益的），However表转折，因此空格处为对音乐 的负面评价，B 选项 Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud 中的 harmful 就是负面评价， 因此B选项切合题
43、意，应选B。18. D【解析】空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢 在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐），D 选项 They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep 中的sleep和going to bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，应选D。19. G【用军析】 空格前说“In one European study, participants listened to music as the
44、 researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压）， G 选项 Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were 中的 heart rates 和前面 的heart rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，应选G。20. E 【解析】 空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues tha
45、t turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable （但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题 有益，这就是音乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此 E选项切合题意，应选E。E（2021 ,全国高考真题）Youfve got mail.and ifs a pos
46、tcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall. 21nI often send postcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, Hbut you can imagine that afte
47、r a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 22 Seeking otherlike-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service
48、, but Paulos hunch （直觉）paid off.Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 23 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.Language is certainly
49、 a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn*t work if one doesnft understand it.24 So a commonlanguage is required and in postcrossing thats English sinc