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1、名校版高考英语语法考点解析but连词引导从句用法1.附属连词but引导例外从句是一个非常难以掌握的用法， 就是在否认句后引导一个从句，这个从句是例外从句。每 当总是（者就），假设就一定，如果不 就不会除了，此时but实际是but that的省略形式， 相当于except that,如：I never go pass my old school but I think of Mr. Li.每当我经过母校的时候，我总会想起李老师。I never go pass my old school but I think of Mr. Wilkins,the headmaster.每当我经过母校的时候，我总
2、会想起母校校长威尔金斯先生。I never see her but I want to kiss her.每当我看见她，我都想吻她。I never think of summer but I think of my childhood.每当我想起夏天，我就想起我的童年。It never rains but it pours.不下雨那么已，一下雨就是倾盆大雨。Never a month passed but she writes to her parents.她没有一个有不给她双亲写信。（主句是个省略句）Hardly a week passes but I get another good id
3、ea.几乎没有一周，我不产生另一个好主意。（主句是个省略句）I never hear Gigli records but I think of my childhood singing-teacher.每当我听吉格里的唱片时，我就会想起我童年的唱歌老师。It never rains, but my car acts up.每当下雨，我们的车就失灵。She never passed her old home but she thought of the happy years she had spent there.她每次经过自己的旧居，都会想起在那里度过的幸福岁月。当but that作要不是解
4、时，前面主句可以是肯定句，从 句应该是个让步状语从句：But that he was prevented, he would have accomplished his design.要不是他收到了阻止的话，他就完成了他的设计了。F d have come with you but that I am so busy.要不是我太忙了，我就跟你去了。2 . but用着复合附属连词，表示让步关系，意思是除非， 要不是，常与that 一起构成but that，相当于。 例如：I would have failed but that you helped me.要不是你们帮助我，我就会失败。类似用法时
5、but for+名词或代词，句子主句常常用虚拟语气。But for you,we couldn1 t have carried out the plan.要不是你，我摸不可能完成那项计划。He would have played but for a knee injury.他要不是膝部有伤的话，就上场了。John would have helped us but (that) he was short of money at that time.要不是约翰当时缺钱，他一定会帮助我们。3 .not +that从句，but (that)+从句;不是而是如：Not that I don t want
6、 to go,but that I have no time.不是我不想去，而是我没有时间。Not that I dont want to goz I just havent got the time.我何尝不想去，只是没时间罢了。汉英大词典说明，but都可以也省略去。Not that the machine is out of order, but that I have not learned to operate it.不是机器出了故障，而是我还没学会操作。but作为转折连词和介词的用法，很常见，很简单，前期文 章多有论述，今天专门讲解这个词作为关系代词引导定语从 句的用法。引导定语从句
7、的有who, whose, why, that, which, where等关系代词和关系副词，但是but也可以作 为关系代词引导定语从句，今后应该是一个热门考点：1. but作为关系代词引导定语从句时，一般用于否认句中， 相当于 who.not 或 that.not 及 which.noto 主句一般 时否认句，而but引导的出本身带有否认意味，这样就是双 重否认来加强肯定语气。but在从句中可以作主语、宾语。也就是说不必再加上其他词作主语或宾语了，即there iare ) no + 名词 + who(whom, which, that).not=there is ( are ) no +
8、 名词 + but定语从句中有be动词保存be动词例:There is no one who is not interested in it.=There is no one but is interested in it没有人不对他感兴趣。(but在从句中可以作主语) 反过来,定语从句中有助动词(can,will,may,should.)保 留该助动词。There is nothing that he can not do.=There is nothing but he can do.没有什么事是他做不来的。（but在从句中可以作宾语）定语从句中有dodoes和did等助动词时，先去掉助动
9、词, 再依时态人称将之后的动词还原。There is no book which he doesnt like to read.=There is no book but he likes to read.没有一本书是他不想看的。There is no man but wants to spend Spring Festival with family.=There is no man who does not want to spend Spring Festival with family.大家注意原句中用的是wants.没有一个人不想和家人一起过春节。(but在从句中可以作 主语)The
10、re are few people but make mistakes.=There are few people who do not make mistakes.很少有人不犯错误。（but在从句中可以作主语）There are very few grammar rules but have exception.二 There are very few grammar rules which don t have exception.很少有语法规那么没有例外。（but在从句中可以作主语）There is not a man but tears in his eyes.二 There is n
11、ot a man who does not tear in his eyes.没有一个人眼里不含着眼泪。2. but引导定语从句时，常可以用省略的形式。No one but is interested in itNothing but he can do.No book but he likes to read.No man but wants to spend Spring Festival with family.Few people but make mistakes.Very few grammar rules but have exception.Not a man but tears in his eyes.考试一般可以是改错题，如在从句中but作主语时，后再加 一个主语 who,that,which 等。如：There are very few but who admire his talents.这个从句里就多了一个who,句子可译为：很少有人不敬佩他的才华。