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1、名校版高考英语语法考点解析bear的用法bear名词.熊的总称，引申为粗暴无礼之人，或体 格笨重之人。like a bear with a sore head急性子；脾气暴躁下面着重讨论bear作为动词用法。1 ) bear作为动词，最主要的用法表示忍耐、忍受。The pain was almost more than he could bear.这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。She couldnt bear the thought of losing him.失去他的情况她想都不敢想。A strong man will bear hardship without complaining.一个坚强
2、的人会忍受困苦而不抱怨。The game was called off because of bad weather.比赛因天气恶劣被取消。He had to cancel the trip because of the rain.因为下雨，他只好取消这次旅行。I didnt enjoy the trip very much, partly because of the weather.我旅行过得不太愉快，局部是因为天气的缘故。The referee was forced to stop the game because of heavy snow.由于下大雪，裁判被迫终止了比赛。She fo
3、und it difficult to make friends because of her natural reserve.她因天性矜持很难交到朋友。The road is closed because of the snow.这条路因下雪而封闭。2 .duet。介词，较正式用语，常用于官方通告和公开声明中, 直接作表语。The crash was due to pilot error.飞机失事是由驾驶员的失误造成的。The accident was due to excessive speed.事故的原因在于速度过快。His mistake was due to youth and in
4、experience.他失误的原因是年轻没有经验。The entrepreneurs success was largely due to his excellent judgment.这位企业家的成功很大程度上是因为他卓越的判断力。The coast road is closed due to bad weather.由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。Most of the problems were due to human error.多数问题都是人为错误造成的。The results could simply be due to chance.这结果可能纯属意外。President Bu
5、sh is due to visit the country next month.布什总统定于下月访问该国。The train had stopped due to a mechanical problem.火车因为机械故障停了下来。3.owing to prep.正式因为，由于;其后多接某事物，常可 与due to换用。He was late owing to/due to the storm.由于暴风雨，他迟到了。He was out of work owing to a physical injury他因为受伤而失业了。The progress of negotiation betwe
6、en the two sides has slowed down owing to their absence.双方的谈判因为他们的缺席而缓慢下来。The game was cancelled owing to torrential rain.比赛因大雨取消了。Owing to staff shortages, there was no restaurant car on the train.由于缺人手，这趟火车上没有餐车。Owing to the help from his comrades, he has made rapid progress.由于同志们的帮助，他进步很快。Owing t
7、o graft, the manager of this company was discharged from his post and prosecuted.由于贪污，这个公司的经理已被撤职查办。Owing to/Due to bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled.由于天气恶劣，下一航班将被取消。4. on account of与because of意义相同，但是用在正式 语体中：The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.因为天气恶劣，飞行延期了。The match was
8、postponed on account of the weather.基于天气关系，比赛延期进行。The regular flight is suspended on account of bad weather.班机因气候恶劣停航。The President declined to deliver the speech himself, on account of a sore throat总统因嗓子不适而婉拒了亲自讲话。He has a bad name on account of his dishonesty.他因不老实而声名狼藉。5. for表示原因除了 because o含义外，还
9、常常表示心理原 因，甚至是猜想的原因，常常放主句后面，可作为介词或连 词，for属于并列连词，由它引导的分句表示补充说明性的 理由，通常只能置于句末，且必须用逗号与前面的分句隔开。；He got an award for bravery.他因英勇受奖。The town is famous for its cathedral.这个城镇以大教堂著名。She gave me a watch for my birthday.她送给我一块手表作为生日礼物。I couldnt speak for laughing.我笑得说不出话来。We listened eagerly, for he brought n
10、ews of our families.我们急不可待地听着,因为他带来了我们家人的消息。I believed herfor surely she would not lie to me.我相信她的话一一因为她肯定不会向我撒谎。The ground is wet ,for it rained last night.地面是潮湿的，因为昨晚下过雨。表示推测的原因是捕鱼because互换:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning.昨晚一定下过雨，因为地面是湿的。He must have passed this w
11、ay, for here are his footprints.他肯定是从这条路走过去的，这里有他的脚印。He has to work hard, for he wants to support his family.因为要养家糊口，他必须努力工作。如果所述理由是明显的或者的,那么用as较because 更为合适。As its raining, youd better stay at home.既然在下雨，你最好呆在家里。He puts the ice cream into the fridge immediately, as it melts easily.他马上把冰激凌放进冰箱，因为它很容
12、易化掉。当所述原因是的客观事实或被当作推断的理由时用 since ,语气略强于asoSince he is absent, lets begin.既然他不在，我们就开始吧。Susan must have come back home, since her coat is not in the wardrobe.苏珊肯定回过家，因为她挂在衣橱里的外套不见了。They will have to bear the misery of living in constant fear of war.他们将不得不忍受在没完没了的战争恐惧中生 活的痛苦。I cannot bear sleeping in a
13、 cold bed.睡在冷冰冰的床上我受不了。I can t bear to see （seeing） people suffering.我不忍看 人受折磨。请注意，can t bear后接动词可用to do或doingoHe cant bear being laughed at.他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。He cant bear to be laughed at.他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。2）生（孩子）一bear作生孩子讲时，过去分词有两 种形式:born和borne，区别为：表示人的出生时用born , 表示生育或用于完成时态时，用borneoHe was born to wealthy parent
14、s.他出生于富贵人家。She had borne him six sons.她为他生了六个儿子。She was not able to bear children.她不能生育。She was born into a very musical family.她生于音乐之家。Sam was born in the country and had a deep affinity with nature.萨姆在乡下出生，特别喜爰大自然。She bore him a daughter, Susanna.她给他生了个女儿, 叫苏珊娜。My mother has borne three children.我
15、妈妈生了三个小 孩They found out nothing more save that she had borne a child.他们只查明她生过一个孩子，其他情况一无所获。3 ） bear的其他用法：包括承当（费用或责任）、记 住，携带，结果实等，这些用法都由生小孩 的本以引申而出。当然，bear在用作这些意思时，过去分词 也是borneoThe ice was not thick enough to bear the weight of marching men.冰的厚度缺乏以支撑行军队伍的重量。The ice is too thin to bear your weight.冰太薄
16、，承受不住你的重量。The cost will be borne by our company.费用将由我司 承当。Patients should not have to bear the costs of their own treatment.病人不应该自己承当治疗费用。Consumers will have to bear the full cost of these pay increases.消费者将不得不承当增加工资所需的全部费用。She bore the responsibility for most of the changes.她对大多数变革负责。You shouldnt h
17、ave to bear the blame for other peoples mistakes.你不应该非得代人受过。There is one other point to be borne in mind,还有另外 一点需要铭记于心。Mary s work among the women will, I trust, bear fruit. 我相信玛丽在妇女中所做的工作会见成效的。4 ）不适于不值得某事（或做某事）not bear sth/doing sth （动名词的主动形式也表示被动含义）The plan wont bear close inspection.这项计划经不起仔细审查。T
18、he joke doesnt bear repeating.这个笑话不可说第二遍。Your joke will bear repeating.你的笑话百听不厌。His sufferings dont bear thinking about.他遭受的苦难不堪回首。That things won t bear thinking of.那些事情不值得去想。注意：bear作忍受解，其动名词有被动形式,根据具体 情况事实是主动就用主动形式，事情是被动就是被动形式：Some people cannot bear travelling by sea.有些人忍受不了海上旅行。I can t bear bein
19、g kept waiting.我无法忍受别人叫我长时间地等候。短语.bring sth to bear （on sb/sth）把精力用于；对施加压力（或影响等）Pressure was brought to bear on us to finish the work on time.（有人）施压让我们按时完成工作。We must bring all our energies to bear upon the task.我们必须全力以赴不辱使命。Pressure was brought to bear on us to finish the work on time.我们得按时完成工作，没有回旋
20、余地。1 .bear with sb/sth耐心对待；容忍Shes under a lot of strain. Just bear with her.她承受着很大的压力。对她要有耐心。If you will bear with me (= be patient and listen to me) a little longer, Ill answer your question.你如果能耐心点听我把话说完，我会回答你的问题的。2 .have a (heavy) cross to bear有本难念的经；有苦难要忍受We all have our crosses to bear.1. becau
21、se of介词，表示的是直接原因，那种有因果关系 的原因，在英语口语中更为常用：They are here because of us.他们是因为我们来这里的。We missed the train because of you!因为你，我们没赶上火车！We have had to raise our prices because of rising costs.因为本钱日益上涨，我们不得不提高价格。His school work is suffering because of family problems.由于家庭问题，他的学业日渐退步。Two players are out of the
22、 team because of injury.两名队员因伤退出了比赛。Shes been dropped from the team because of injury.她因受伤而未被列入队员名单。Shes been off work because of sickness.她因病没有上班。She was marked down because of poor grammar.她因语法不好被扣了分。Our plans fell through because of lack of money.我们的计划由于缺钱而落空了。The project has been cancelled because of lack of funds.这个工程因缺乏资金已经撤销。I couldnt sleep because of the noise.嘈杂声吵得我睡不着。She was unable to attend because of the pressures of work.由于工作紧张她不能出席。