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1、Part Part Developing ideasDeveloping ideasJUST A BROTHERJUST A BROTHERIt was the finalfinal part of the 2016 World Triathlon SeriesWorld Triathlon Series in Mexico.(1)With just700 metres to go,Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother,Jonny,was in the leadin the lead.(2)Alistair p
2、ushedpushed himself towardsthe finish linethe finish line in theburningburningheat,heat,but as he came round the corner,he saw his brother about to fallontoonto thetracktrack.Alistair had to choosechoosebrotherlybrotherly love,or a chancechance(3)to win the race?ForAlistair,thechoicechoicewasclear.H
3、isbrotherwasinintroubletrouble.Hehadtohelp.Alistair ran towardsran towards Jonny,caught him and started pullingpulling him towards thefinish line.Alistair then pushed his brotheroverover the line.The move put Jonny insecond place and Alistair himself in third.It was anunexpectedunexpected end to the
4、 race,but Alistair did not want to discussdiscuss it with the mediamedia.He just wanted to see hisyounger brother,(4)who had been rushedrushed to the medicalmedical area.TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren.“Obviously,Obviously,(5)when your older brother is doing it,you th
5、ink its a coolthing to do,”says Jonny.Alistair says thatthey encourageencourage each other as much asthey can when they traintrain.Despite arguments overDespite arguments over“stupid things”now and then,now and then,Alistair agrees(6)that having a brother is an advantage.“Throughoutadvantage.“Throug
6、hout my entireentirelife,Ive had my brother tryinghad my brother trying to beatbeat me at everything(7)I do.It has been anenormously positive forceenormously positive force.”(8)Watched by millions,millions,the ending to the race has divided opinionsdivided opinions:should thebrothers have been disqu
7、alifieddisqualified or highly praisedpraised for their actions?But forAlistair,(9)this decision was easy to explainexplain:“Mum wouldnt have been happyif Id leftleft JonnyJonny behind.”behind.”AtAt thatthat moment,moment,he was nono longerlonger an athleteathlete(1010)aimingaimingfor a medalmedalhe
8、was just a brother.(1)“with宾语不定式作宾补”构成的with 复合结构。(2)but 连接并列句;as 引导时间状语从句。1(3)不定式短语作后置定语,修饰抽象名词chance。(4)who 引导定语从句,修饰brother。(5)本句中 when 引导时间状语从句;its a cool thing to do 为宾语从句,从句中to do不定式作后置定语。(6)that 引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分也不表示任何意义,可以省略;having a brother为动名词短语作主语。(7)本句为定语从句,修饰不定代词everything,从句省略了关系代词that。(8
9、)过去分词短语作状语。(9)本句为“主语beadj.不定式”结构,其中不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。(10)现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰athlete。finaladj.最后的World Triathlon Series 铁人三项世界大赛in the lead 领先pushv.推,推动push sb towards 朝推某人the finish line 终点线burningadj.炙热的heatn.高温ontoprep.到上,朝上trackn.跑道choosev.选择 brotherlyadj.情同手足的,兄弟的 chancen.机会 choicen.选择,抉择 in trouble 处
10、于困境中,陷入麻烦中 run towards 朝跑 pullv.拉;拖;拔 overprep.越过;跨过 unexpectedadj.想不到的,意外的2 discussv.讨论discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事 median.新闻媒体,传媒21rushv.猛冲,快速行进22medicaladj.医学的;医疗的23obviouslyadv.显然,明显地24encouragev.鼓励25trainv.训练26despiteprep.尽管,虽然27argumentn.争论,争吵28overprep.(表示论及)关于29now and then 有时,不时30advantagen.
11、优势,有利条件31throughoutprep.在整个期间,自始至终32entireadj.全部的,整个的33have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事34beatv.(在比赛或竞争中)赢,打败(某人)35enormouslyadv.非常,极其36positiveadj.好的,积极的37forcen.影响大的事物(或人)38millionnum.百万39dividedadj.有分歧的40opinionn.意见,看法341disqualifyv.(因犯规而)取消的资格42praisev.赞扬;称赞43explainv.解释44leave sb behind 将某人落在后边45at th
12、at moment 在那时,在那一刻46no longer 不再47athleten.运动员,田径运动员48aimv.力求达到49medaln.奖牌Step Step Factual readingFactual readingTrueTrue(T T)or Falseor False(F F).1.Alistair Brownlee is younger than Jonny.(F)2.Jonny ran a little faster than Alistair Brownlee at first.(T)3.Alistair Brownlee didnt know what to do w
13、hen he saw Jonny about to fall ontothe track.(F)4.With Alistair Brownlees help,Jonny got the first place in the game.(F)5.The result of the game surprised many people.(T)6.Jonny was sent to the medical area after the game.(T)7.The two brothers never argued with each other before.(F)8.People have dif
14、ferent opinions on Alistair Brownlees action.(T)Step Step Cloze testCloze testFill in the blanks according to the text.Fill in the blanks according to the text.In the 2016 WorldTriathlon Series in Mexico,when Alistair came round the corner,he saw his brother about 1.to_fall(fall)onto the track.He ra
15、n towards Jonny,caught him and 2.started(start)pulling him towards the finish line.The move put4Jonny in second place and Alistair 3.himself(he)in third.It was 4.an unexpectedend to the race,but Alistair did not want to discuss it 5.with the media.He justwanted to see his younger brother,6.who had b
16、een rushed to the medical area.Despite 7.arguments(argument)over stupid things now and then,Alistair agrees that8.having(have)a brother is an advantage.9.Watched(watch)by millions,the ending to the race has divided opinions:shouldthe brothers have been disqualified or 10.highly(high)praised for thei
17、r actions?But for Alistair,this decision was easy to explain:At that moment,he was no longeran athlete aiming for a medalhe was just a brother.1.responsible1.responsibleadjadj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的Whos responsible?responsible?(教材 P29)谁负责?The pilot of the plane should be responsible forbe responsi
18、ble for the passengers safety.飞行员应对乘客的安全负责。You are an adult now and you need to take responsibility fortake responsibility for your actions.现在你是成年人了,你需要对自己的行为负责。It is your responsibility to look afterIt is your responsibility to look after the children.照看这些孩子是你的责任。单句语法填空Its your responsibility to_in
19、form(inform)us of any changes.Cigarette smoking takes responsibility(responsible)for about 90%of deaths fromlung cancer.The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four deaths.单词一族responsibilityn.责任,义务用法总结(1)be responsible for sth对某事负责任;是某事的原因(2)It is ones responsibility to do sth 做某事是某人的责
20、任take responsibility for为负责52.aim2.aimv v.力求达到;瞄准,对准;目标在于n n.目标;目的It aimsaims to deepen peoples understanding of issues that are related to families.(教材 P31)它力求加深人们对有关家人问题的理解。I hope to achieve my aimachieve my aim by the end of the year.我希望到年底实现我的目标。Many people go to big cities with the aim ofwith t
21、he aim of finding better jobs.许多人到大城市是为了找到更好的工作。We aim to finishaim to finish the work by Friday.我们的目标就是在星期五之前完成这项工作。This campaign is aimed atis aimed at reducing road accidents.这项活动旨在减少交通事故。单句语法填空This activity aims at improving(improve)students ability of listening andspeaking.In the newspaper of o
22、ur school there is a column called“Foreign Cultures”,aiming to_introduce(introduce)American customs and the life of high schoolstudents.Dont argue aimlessly(aimless).Lets sit down and talk things over.The competition was started with the aim of encouraging young writers.单词一族aimlessadj.漫无目的的aimlessly
23、adv.漫无目的地用法总结(1)aim to do sth目标是做某事,旨在做某事be aimed at(doing)sth瞄准,对准;旨在(做)某事(2)achieve ones aim 实现目标with the aim of.目的是,为了3.range3.rangen n.一系列;山脉;范围;射程;种类vtvt.(在一定的范围内)变动/变化;使(人或物)排成行或列(教材 P31)A wide range ofA wide range of colours and patterns are available.各种颜色和样式都有。Its beyond/out of the range ofb
24、eyond/out of the range of my ability.这件事超出了我的能力范围。6She has had a number of different jobs,rangingranging fromfrom chef toto swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作,从厨师到游泳教练。We waited until the enemy was within rangewithin range.我们等到敌人进入我们的射程。补全句子The student has a_wide_range_of_interest.那个学生的兴趣广泛。The prices o
25、f the dolls range_from_$5_to_$100.那些布娃娃的价格从 5 美元到 100 美元不等。His theory was beyond_range_of human understanding at that time.他的理论在当时超越了人类理解的范围。用法总结a wide range of 一系列;各种各样的within/in range(of)在可及的范围内;在视觉(或听觉)范围内beyond/out of range(of)超出的范围;在视觉(或听觉)范围之外range from.to.在和之间变化;包括由到之间的各类事物名师提醒range 作“变动,变化”讲
26、时,不用于进行时态。4.admire4.admirev v.钦佩,赞美,羡慕(教材 P32)We admireadmire the old scientist forfor his great contributions to the country.我们钦佩这位老科学家对国家作出的巨大贡献。We expressed/hadexpressed/had admirationadmiration forfor the soldiers,who behaved bravely in the action.我们对解放军战士在这次行动中英勇的表现表示钦佩。单句语法填空Our school is admi
27、red for its excellent teaching.We are full of admiration(admire)for the space heroes.The boy was_admired(admire)by his classmates for his bravery in the earthquake.单词一族admirationn.钦佩;赞美;羡慕用法总结admire sb for(doing)sth因(做)某事羡慕某人7have/express admiration for对/表达对的钦佩5.judge5.judgev v.认为,判断;断定n n.裁判员;法官(教材
28、 P32)You must judgejudge a person by/fromby/from his actions,not by/fromby/from what he says.你判断人应根据其行动,不应根据他所说的话。Judging fromJudging from what he said,he must be an honest man.从他所说的来判断,他一定是个诚实的人。As far as I can judge,As far as I can judge,this book is useful.据我判断,这本书有用。写出 judge 在句中的含义All the judges
29、judges agreed that your speech was the best one this year.评委The judgejudge sentenced him to five years in prison.法官I judgejudge from what you said that you do not agree with me.判断单句语法填空Judging(judge)from his accent,he must be from the south.In my judgement(judge),its still hard for him to get the jo
30、b.单词一族judgementn.判决;判断力;评价用法总结(1)judge.from/by.从来判断judge between right and wrong判断是非as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为(2)judging by/from从上看;根据判断6.settle6.settlev v.和解,结束(争论);定居(教材 P32)In the end they had to settle forsettle for a draw.最后,他们只好接受平局的结果。She settled insettled in Shanghai after her fathers dea
31、th.父亲死后,她就在上海定居了。We settled intosettled into our new house just last week.我们上周刚刚迁入新居。The chairman tried to settlesettle the audience downdown.主席尽力让听众安静下来。单句语法填空After the excitement I tried to settle myself down.He settled in the country after his retirement.8单词一族settlern.移民;定居者settlementn.(解决纷争的)协议;
32、解决;处理用法总结settle for勉强接受,将就settle in在安家,定居,落户settle into迁入(新居)settle down定居,过安定的日子;(使)平静下来1.I wish she had comeshe had come!(教材 P31)我希望她来过!【分析】本句是主从复合句,I wish 为主句,sheshe hadhad comecome 为宾语从句,其中宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,表示“未实现或不太可能实现的愿望”。【总结】wish 后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下:类型与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反从句谓语动词形式had过去分词
33、过去式(be 通常用 were)would/could/might动词原形I wish I werewere rich enough to buy a new car.我希望我足够富有能够买得起新车。(与现在事实相反)I wish I had beenhad been to my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a businesstrip in New York then.(与过去事实相反)我真希望上周二参加我妹妹的婚礼,但是那时我正好在纽约出差。I wish that someday I would/could livewould/cou
34、ld live on the moon.我希望有一天能到月球上居住。(表示对将要发生事情的一种愿望)单句语法填空I wish that you had_called(call)yesterday.How I wish I were(be)together with you now!How I wish you could_come(come)to the lecture tomorrow.2.But for Alistair,this decision was easy to explainthis decision was easy to explain:“Mum wouldnt have
35、been9happy if Id left Jonny behind.(教材 P33)但对阿利斯泰尔来说,这个决定很容易解释:如果我把约翰尼落下,妈妈会不高兴的。【分析】本句中 thisthis decisiondecision waswas easyeasy toto explainexplain 为“主语beadj.动词不定式”结构。【总结】“主语beadj.动词不定式”结构的用法:(1)常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词,如hard,difficult,pleasant,easy,comfortable,interesting 等(2)动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系,不定
36、式用主动形式表示被动意义;当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,要加上适当的介词(3)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语,并由for 引出注意:表示喜、怒、哀、乐等情感的形容词,后跟不定式表原因,不可用不定式的主动表被动。As the old saying goes:“Flowers are pleasant to look atpleasant to look at but hard to growhard to grow”.正如俗话所说“看花容易栽花难”。This city is really comfortable to live incomfortable to live in.在这个城市生活很
37、舒适。The long sentence is difficult for you to rememberdifficult for you to remember.这个长句对你来说很难记。Im glad to be toldglad to be told this good news.我很高兴被告知这个好消息。单句语法填空This machine is very easy to_operate(operate).Anybody can learn to use it ina few minutes.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make t
38、he chocolate easier to_break(break)into small pieces.There is a party tonight in honour of our new president,and I am honouredto_be_invited(invite).句型转换I find it difficult to work out this problem in such a short time.The problem is difficult for me to work out in such a short time.10.单词拼写1.An athle
39、te(运动员)is a person who competes in sports such as running and jumping2.Amy is tall and slim(苗条的)while her younger sister Mary is short and a littlefat.3.Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese player to win the gold medal(奖牌)in the OlympicGames.4.It is generally believed that people with high EQ are open to
40、 new ideas and havepositive(积极的)attitudes towards life.5.There is no doubt that the media(媒体),such as television,and radio,play animportant part in influencing peoples opinions.6.My favorite sports are basketball and jogging(慢跑).7.Mike is responsible(负有责任的)for designing the entire project.8.The muse
41、um is open daily throughout(在整个期间)the year.9.The only difference between us is the colour of our skin(皮肤).10.Doctor Bethune spent his entire(全部的)life in China as a doctor.单句语法填空1.Do you know the boy who/that is standing over there?2.Despite applying for hundreds of jobs,he is still out of work.3.Man
42、 has lived in this earth for perhaps a million(million)years.4.Obviously(obvious),the nice girl was taken in by what the young man said.5.Parents will be able to discuss their childs progress with their teachers.6.The price of wine varies enormously(enormous)depending on where it comes from.7.Chinas
43、 education reforms aim to_develop(develop)students ability to thinkindependently.8.With a lot of problems to_solve(solve),the newly-elected president will havea hard time.9.Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over the other applicants forthe job.10.In order to encourage the students to_
44、take(take)outdoor exercise,the schoolorganized a mountain-climbing on April 10.11.选词填空make up for,have an impact on,end up,be busy with,now and then,in the lead,in trouble,make an apology,at that moment,be related to1.I cant describe to you what I felt at_that_moment.2.To achieve China Dream is_rela
45、ted_to everyones fate.3.If you are in_trouble,_dont hesitate to ask me for help.4.Every word from the parents will have_an_impact_on the child.5.I think you should make_an_apology to your brother for being so rude to him.6.Daisy doesnt have a gift for music,but she makes_up_for it with hard work.7.M
46、y grandfather still plays tennis now_and_then,_even though hes in hisnineties.8.With only 100 metres to go,Tom is in_the_lead so he is very likely to win thegame.9.If you dont know what you want,you might end_up getting something you dontwant.10.Most of the students are_busy_with their homework so t
47、here is little time leftto do something that they enjoy.补全句子1.I wish I_were_a_fish swimming in the sea.愿我是一条游在海里的鱼。2.With so many people staring_at_her,_she felt very nervous.这么多人盯着她看,她感到很紧张。3.The question is difficult_to_answer.这个问题很难回答。4.Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_the city looks more beautiful
48、.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮。5.Will the people sitting_at_the_back keep quiet,please?坐在后面的人请安静,好吗?12.阅读理解When you are curious_about something and want to know more about it,you can usethe way of asking questions.Asking questions is the first step to make discoveriesand find interesting answers.The steps below ca
49、n guide you during the research(研究).Step 1:On a note card or a piece of paper,write down the subject that you areinterested in.Just get the main idea down.For example,you might write:Discovermore about dinosaurs.Step 2:Next,stop and think for a moment about what you already know about yoursubject.Li
50、st what you already know like the sentences below:1.Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.2.Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.3.Some dinosaurs fed on plants,some on meat.Step 3:What can you do with what you want to learn?By asking questions.On yourpaper,start w