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1、 1 Part Using language复习时态【思维导图】.基本特征感悟【感悟用法】Grandfather and Father,seated at the table,are playing chess.People respect lawyers and you can have a good income.you have found the career that suits your talents.you said that you wanted to be a professional soccer player.you will have two options for
2、your future.【自我总结】1.句使用了现在进行时态，表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态；谓语动词的构成为：am/is/aredoing。2.句使用了一般现在时态，表示经常或习惯性发生的动作；谓语动词一般用动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。3.句使用了现在完成时态，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果；谓语动词的构成为：have/hasdone。4.句使用了一般过去时，表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为：did。5.句使用了一般将来时态，将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为：will/
3、be_going_to_do。.主要用法精讲 一、一般现在时 1.构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。2 2.基本用法：(1)表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。常和 often,always,usually,sometimes,every day,once a week等时间状语连用。I often read books in my spare time.业余时间我经常看书。We go to school at 6 every day.我们每天六点去上学。(2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。Mary is good at music.玛丽擅长音乐。He knows a lot of
4、 English.他英语懂得很多。(3)表示客观事实或普遍真理。Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。(4)在时间、让步和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.等他来了，我们再开始讨论。Youll make great progress if you work hard!你如果努力学习，就会取得很大进步。(5)表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事，通常限于表示“位置转移”的非延续性动词(词组)，如 go,come,
5、leave,start,begin,open,close,arrive,take off等，其后常跟有表示将来的时间状语。The train leaves at 7：25 this evening.火车今晚 7：25 开。Our summer vacation begins in early July.我们的暑假七月初开始。(6)小说、故事、文学作品等的情节介绍、评论等。Harry Potter is set in the modern world.哈利波特以现代世界为背景。二、现在进行时 1.构成：is/am/are现在分词。2.基本用法：(1)现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动
6、作。表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。常与 now,at present,at this moment等连用。表示现阶段正在进行的动作。常与 these days,this week/month,recently等连用。All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.3 所有的同学正在教室里复习功课。What are you doing these days？你最近在忙些什么？(2)现在进行时常与 always,continually,constantly,forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作
7、，常含有厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。She is always thinking of others instead of herself.她总是想着别人而不是她自己。(赞扬)The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.那个男孩老是提这类愚蠢的问题。(不耐烦)He is constantly doing good work at school.他在学校总是成绩优秀。(表扬)He does good work at school.他在学校成绩优秀。(事实)(3)在口语中，表示主语按计划将要进行的动作。常与 come(来),go(去),le
8、ave(离开),depart(离开),arrive(到达),stay(逗留),start/begin(开始),lecture(做演讲),take off(起飞)等动词(词组)连用。Mr Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.史密斯先生今晚去南京。The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.会议在下午三点开始。三、现在完成时 1.构成：have/has过去分词。2.基本用法：(1)表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果，常与 already,yet,never,before,so far,up t
9、o now等连用。I have already made a plan for my study ahead of time.我已经提前制订了学习计划。Have you finished your homework yet？你做完作业了吗？Yes,I have already finished it.是的，我已经做完了。试比较：She has lived in Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了 20 年了。(可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去)She lived in Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了 20 年。(现在已经不在那儿住了)(2)表示从
10、过去开始持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作或状态，这时往往与表示一段时间 4 的状语连用。如：today,this week,lately,recently,these days,in the past few days,during the last two weeks,since,since two days ago,for a long time 等。We have learned English for eight years.我们学英语八年了。Hes lived in London since three years ago.自从三年前他就住在伦敦。(3)在“It/This is th
11、e first/second.last time从句”与“It/This is the序数词或形容词最高级名词that 从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。It is the first time I have driven a car.这是我第一次开车。This is the most interesting film he has made.这是他拍的最有趣的电影。(4)在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中代替将来完成时。Ill go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.我一完成作业就去参加聚会。四、一般将来时 1.
12、构成：shall/will动词原形，be going to动词原形，be(about)to do sth 2.基本用法：(1)shall/will动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态，特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情只能用此结构。I think they will help you if you tell them.我认为只要你告诉他们，他们会帮助你的。Tom was injured badly in the accident yesterday.Oh,I didnt know.I will see him after work.汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。噢，我不知
13、道。我下班后去看他。(临时决定)(2)will动词原形，表示习惯性动作或未来的倾向。Wherever he goes,he will take an umbrella with him.无论到哪儿，他总是带着一把伞。Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水上。(3)除“shall/will动词原形”构成一般将来时外，以下形式也可构成将来时：be going to动词原形，表示即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。What are you going to do next Sunday？下星期天你打算干什么？Look,its going to rain.瞧，要下
14、雨了。5 be about to do sth 意为“正要做某事；马上要做某事”。Please get everything ready.The experiment is about to start.请准备好。实验就要开始了。be to do 表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的动作。Who is to clean the classroom today？今天该谁打扫教室了？五、一般过去时 1.构成：动词过去式。2.基本用法(1)一般过去时主要用于表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语(如：yesterday,last week,in 1949,a
15、few days ago等)连用。I graduated from No.2 Middle School three years ago.三年前我从二中毕业。I had two eggs and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.今天早上我吃了两个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶。Your phone number again?I didnt quite catch it.再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听见。Havent seen you for ages!Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and stayed
16、 there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，作为一名志愿者教学。(2)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。She got up,washed her face,cleaned her teeth,had her breakfast and then went to work.她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后就去上班了。(3)表示过去时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与 often,usually,sometimes等表示频度的状语连用。I often went to school on fo
17、ot last term.上学期我经常步行去上学。Her father usually did some housework at home last year.她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。时态是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。时态由“时”和“态”6 构成。“时”主要有 4 个主要部分，即现在、过去、将来和过去将来；“态”也有 4 种，即一般、进行、完成和完成进行。将 4 个“时”和 4 个“态”组合在一起，就是时态的种类，共 16 种。在初高中阶段，一般不需要掌握表格右下角打“”的六种时态。一般 进行 完成 完成进行 过去 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时
18、 现在 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 将来 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 过去将来 一般过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 即学即练 1(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 Ill follow him wherever he goes(go).Helen says she will leave the company if she is_punished(punish)for her carelessness.I will be a nurse and look after patients when I grow(grow)u
19、p.A Midsummer Nights Dream opens(open)at the Theatre Royal on 19th June,and then tours throughout Scotland.(2)补全句子 The_shop_opens at nine every day.这家商店每天 9 点开门。Tom_calls_his_parents once a week.汤姆一周给他父母打一次电话。The_bus_leaves London at 6 oclock in the afternoon.汽车将在下午 6 点钟离开伦敦。即学即练 2(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 Hur
20、ry up!Mark and Carol are_expecting(expect)us.We are_studying(study)French this semester.A new cinema is_being_built(build)here.They hope to finish it next month.(2)补全句子 7 The mothers now are_always_sending_their_children(总是送她们的孩子)to all kinds of classes after school.We are_leaving_Beijing_for_Shangh
21、ai(将离开北京去上海)tomorrow.名师提醒 现在进行时的这一用法与一般现在时的区别在于，后者只是说明事实，不含感情色彩。即学即练 3 用所给词的适当形式填空 By the time he realizes he has_walked(walk)into a trap,itll be too late for him to do anything about it.His first novel has_received(receive)good reviews since it came out last month.Im glad you have_made(make)great p
22、rogress so far.Keep it up and you must be successful.Oh no!Were too late.The train has_left(leave).Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.It is the first time that he has_been_invited(invite)to Japan.It is the second time that I have_been(be)in Shanghai.It is the most instructive lecture that
23、I have_attended(attend)since I came to this school.名师提醒 时态 区别 现在完成时 强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或对现在的影响落脚点在现在 一般过去时 着重说明动作发生在过去，强调动作本身落脚点在过去 名师提醒 若 It is the first/second.that.句型中 is 改为 was，从句中的谓语动词应用 had done 形式。即学即练 4 用将来时的表达法填空 Why did you buy paint?I am_going_to_paint(paint)my house tomorrow.You are to_han
24、d(hand)in your papers by 10 oclock.8 How can I apply for an online course?Just fill out this form and we will_see(see)what we can do for you.名师提醒 be about to do 多与 when 连用，一般不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。即学即练 5 用所给动词的适当形式完成小片段 Mike likes(like)watching football matches.There was(be)a live football match yesterd
25、ay.After work,he hurried(hurry)to get home,opened(open)the door,turned(turn)on the TV and enjoyed(enjoy)watching the football match.名师提醒 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态时，也要用过去时。有时，表示过去某段时间做了某事，也可以用一般过去时，注意此时不能用现在完成时。.单句语法填空 1.My brother plays(play)football quite well，but he hasnt_played(not
26、 play)it since last year.2.Hurry up，Peter!The taxi is_waiting(wait)for us at the gate of the hotel.3.This is the first time I have_come(come)to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed with its delicious food.4.He is going to visit his grandparents as soon as he arrives(arrive)in Beijing.5.The teacher told
27、 us that light travels(travel)faster than sound.6.We went(go)to the cinema last night.The film was(be)very good.7.I thought I had reminded you to take out the rubbish.Oh,I forgot.I will_do(do)it right now.8.This song sounds very pleasant.Lets go upstairs and see who is_singing(sing).9.The little gir
28、l is very happy，because she has_sold(sell)out all the flowers.10.The ship leaves(leave)the port at 8 oclock tomorrow morning.按要求进行句型转换 9 1.I come to Beijing for the first time.(同义句转换)This is the first time that I have been/come to Beijing.2.He will come back in two days.(对加黑部分提问)How soon will he com
29、e back?3.He has been in the army for 15 years.(同义句转换)It has been 15 years since he joined the army.4.What is Jack doing in the classroom？(用 do his homework 进行回答)Jack is doing his homework in the classroom.5.He often does his homework before school.(变为一般疑问句)Does he often do his homework before school
30、?.补全句子 1.I will_not_believe_you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你的。2.Columbus proved that the_earth_is_round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。3.Ten years has passed since I_graduated_from_the_university.自从我从那所大学毕业以来，十年的光阴已经过去了。4.This is the first time that I have_been_away_from_my_family for such a long time.这是我第一次离开家人这么长时间。5.I cant help you with the housework because I am_doing_my_homework now.我不能帮助你做家务，因为我现在在做作业。