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1、关于关于关于关于记记叙文的写作叙文的写作叙文的写作叙文的写作要点要点要点要点第一页，讲稿共二十二页哦narration叙述文叙述文description描写文描写文exposition说明文说明文argumentation议论文议论文 English Writing Styles 第二页，讲稿共二十二页哦What is narration?第三页，讲稿共二十二页哦At its simplest,narration is the telling of a story,which involves characters and ongoing actions.To narrate is to gi
2、ve an account of what happened or is happening.第四页，讲稿共二十二页哦It attempts to recreate events so that the reader may vicariously(替代地替代地)share the experience第五页，讲稿共二十二页哦Two Types of Narration Literary narrative is usually fictitious,found abundantly in literary creations such as anecdotes,tales and fable
3、s,romances,short stories,novels,and stories in verse.第六页，讲稿共二十二页哦Two Types of Narration Expository narrative is the factual account of events,including history,biography,travels,news reports and journals.第七页，讲稿共二十二页哦The ways to narrate in sequence of time顺叙顺叙 flashback倒叙倒叙 narration interspersed wit
4、h flashbacks插叙插叙 narration interspersed with comment）夹叙夹叙夹议夹议第八页，讲稿共二十二页哦The elements of a narrativeThe elements of a narrativeSettingPlotAtmosphere ConflictPoint of View Characterization第九页，讲稿共二十二页哦1.1 Setting 1.1 Setting 背景背景背景背景The time and place in which the events of a story take place.Cultural
5、,social,physical context of a story.第十页，讲稿共二十二页哦2.Plot 2.Plot 情节情节情节情节 the sequence of events that take place in a story 第十一页，讲稿共二十二页哦3 Characterization 3 Characterization 人物的刻画人物的刻画人物的刻画人物的刻画The methods used to present the personality of a character in a narrative.Direct-the author describes the ch
6、aracter.Indirect-the reader judges what the character is like based on what they say or do,or what other characters say about them.第十二页，讲稿共二十二页哦4 Atmosphere 4 Atmosphere 气氛气氛气氛气氛The general mood or feeling established in a piece of literature.Atmosphere is created through word choice and pacing.第十三页
7、，讲稿共二十二页哦5 Conflict 5 Conflict the central problem that drives the action of a story.Two main typesInternal-the conflict happens in a characters mindExternal-the conflict happens between characters,or between a character and some outside force.第十四页，讲稿共二十二页哦6 Point of View 6 Point of View 视角视角视角视角Who
8、 is narrating the storyTwo main types First person-the narrator use“I”to tell the action,and is involved in the storyThird person-the story is told from a perspective outside the story.The characters are referred to by name,or as he,she or they 第十五页，讲稿共二十二页哦What should you consider What should you c
9、onsider when planning a narrative?when planning a narrative?TextPoint of view 视角Theme 主题Setting 背景背景Foreshadowing伏笔Symbol 象征Plot 情节情节Order 顺序第十六页，讲稿共二十二页哦Step1.Context Step1.Context At the beginning of a narrative,make clear:When Where Who Provide the reader with context to help him the whole narrat
10、ive第十七页，讲稿共二十二页哦Step2.PurposeStep2.PurposeThere must be a purpose in telling a story-to prove a theory-to illustrate the concept-to praise a virtue-to condemn a vice,etc第十八页，讲稿共二十二页哦Step3.Seletion of detailsStep3.Seletion of detailsA narrative is made up of detailsProviding enough and only relevant
11、details or things that contribute the bringing out the main of the narrative 第十九页，讲稿共二十二页哦Step4.OgnizationStep4.OgnizationChronological orderIn the order in which things occurFlashback To arouse readers interest 第二十页，讲稿共二十二页哦Step5.OutlineStep5.OutlineA beginning The setting A middle The body tells the story itself An end 第二十一页，讲稿共二十二页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第二十二页，讲稿共二十二页哦