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1、关于关于关于关于记记叙文的写作叙文的写作叙文的写作叙文的写作要点要点要点要点现在学习的是第1页，共22页narration叙述文叙述文description描写文描写文exposition说明文说明文argumentation议论文议论文 English Writing Styles 现在学习的是第2页，共22页What is narration?现在学习的是第3页，共22页At its simplest,narration is the telling of a story,which involves characters and ongoing actions.To narrate is
2、 to give an account of what happened or is happening.现在学习的是第4页，共22页It attempts to recreate events so that the reader may vicariously(替代地替代地)share the experience现在学习的是第5页，共22页Two Types of Narration Literary narrative is usually fictitious,found abundantly in literary creations such as anecdotes,tales
3、 and fables,romances,short stories,novels,and s t o r i e s i n v e r s e.现在学习的是第6页，共22页Two Types of Narration Expository narrative is the factual account of events,including history,biography,travels,news reports and journals.现在学习的是第7页，共22页The ways to narrate in sequence of time顺叙顺叙 flashback倒叙倒叙 n
4、arration interspersed with flashbacks插叙插叙 narration interspersed with comment）夹叙夹叙夹议夹议现在学习的是第8页，共22页The elements of a narrativeThe elements of a narrativeSettingPlotAtmosphere ConflictPoint of View Characterization现在学习的是第9页，共22页1.1 Setting 1.1 Setting 背景背景背景背景The time and place in which the events o
5、f a story take place.Cultural,social,physical context of a story.现在学习的是第10页，共22页2.Plot 2.Plot 情节情节情节情节 the sequence of events that take place in a story 现在学习的是第11页，共22页3 Characterization 3 Characterization 人物的刻画人物的刻画人物的刻画人物的刻画The methods used to present the personality of a character in a narrative.
6、Direct-the author describes the character.Indirect-the reader judges what the character is like based on what they say or do,or what other characters say about them.现在学习的是第12页，共22页4 Atmosphere 4 Atmosphere 气氛气氛气氛气氛The general mood or feeling established in a piece of literature.Atmosphere is created
7、 through word choice and pacing.现在学习的是第13页，共22页5 Conflict 5 Conflict the central problem that drives the action of a story.Two main typesInternal-the conflict happens in a characters mindExternal-the conflict happens between characters,or between a character and some outside force.现在学习的是第14页，共22页6 P
8、oint of View 6 Point of View 视角视角视角视角Who is narrating the storyTwo main types First person-the narrator use“I”to tell the action,and is involved in the storyThird person-the story is told from a perspective outside the story.The characters are referred to by name,or as he,she or they 现在学习的是第15页，共22页
9、What should you consider What should you consider when planning a narrative?when planning a narrative?TextPoint of view 视角Theme 主题Setting 背景背景Foreshadowing伏笔Symbol 象征Plot 情节情节Order 顺序现在学习的是第16页，共22页Step1.Context Step1.Context At the beginning of a narrative,make clear:When Where Who Provide the read
10、er with context to help him the whole narrative现在学习的是第17页，共22页Step2.PurposeStep2.PurposeThere must be a purpose in telling a story-to prove a theory-to illustrate the concept-to praise a virtue-to condemn a vice,etc现在学习的是第18页，共22页Step3.Seletion of detailsStep3.Seletion of detailsA narrative is made
11、up of detailsProviding enough and only relevant details or things that contribute the bringing out the main of the narrative 现在学习的是第19页，共22页Step4.OgnizationStep4.OgnizationChronological orderIn the order in which things occurFlashback To arouse readers interest 现在学习的是第20页，共22页Step5.OutlineStep5.OutlineA beginning The setting A middle The body tells the story itself An end 现在学习的是第21页，共22页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第22页，共22页