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1、专题10 完形填空夹叙夹议文（全国卷20空）1.（2021 全国乙卷） Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 1 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 2 of gratitude(感谢). My tho
2、ughts were soon 3 . We had a woman patient who was 4 from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 5 to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was 6 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 7 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 8 ,
3、 and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks. She was 9 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 10 at her recovery. As she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 13 one nurse, she tried to pr
4、ess a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 14 to accept it, saying that we were all just 15 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 16 :“Oh this isn't for the 17 I had. I take that as a 18 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you have it. To many people, 19 lives
5、is part of the job but styling hair is an 20 and should be rewarded.1AcleanerBchemistCnurseDdoctor2AgradesBmeaningsCneedsDexpectations3Abrushed asideBput to the testCbrought under discussionDtaken into account4AdepartingBescapingCretiringDrecovering5AattemptingBchoosingCpausingDpromising6Aeventually
6、BfortunatelyCcasuallyDsecretly7AassessingBrequiringCformingDproving8AslightlyBaccidentallyCslowlyDhappily9AgratefulBthoughtfulCsorrowfulDfearful10AsurpriseBdelightCcuriosityDdisappointment11AoperatingBthinkingChesitatingDleaving12AsorryBhelloCgoodbyeDyes13AreachedBconsultedCintroducedDpersuaded14Awi
7、shedBpretendedCfailedDrefused15AenjoyingBdoingCsecuringDstarting16ArepeatedBrecitedCrepliedDreported17AcourageBpatienceCdutyDcare18AgoalBgivenCpushDgreeting19AriskingBchangingCsavingDbuilding20AhonourBabilityCopeningDextra【答案】1C2A3B4D5A6A7B8C9A10B11D12C13A14D15B16C17D18B19C20D【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做
8、护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。2考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度
9、；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。3考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知
10、作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。4考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。6考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡
11、觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。7考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。8考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复
12、了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。9考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。10考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A
13、. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。11考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。12考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再
14、见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。13考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。14考查动词
15、词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。15考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。16考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人
16、开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。17考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for s
17、etting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。18考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。19考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A.
18、risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。20考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该
19、得到奖励。故选D。2.（2021 浙江卷 1月卷） Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 21 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USAThree months later I 22 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 23 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minut
20、es of 24 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 25 and like-minded that it was very 26 to feel at home. I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 27 . We had to 28 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 29 way but in 35 heat and with
21、a heavy pack, my legs were on fire. My job was to 30 a stairway out of rock. This 31 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 32 . Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 33 of knowing that my 3
22、4 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. But on the last night we were 35 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 36 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 37 part of my tent. 38 , I suffered
23、a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 39 . I think I am much 40 for having taken part in the project.21AcalculateBnegotiateCadvertiseDresearch22AimaginedBintroducedCenjoyedDfound23AannoyedBsurprisedCscaredDexcited24AarrivingBsleepingCthinkingDwalking25AconfidentBfrie
24、ndlyCenergeticDcurious26AfunnyBgoodCluckyDeasy27AtourBprojectCcampaignDcourse28AdropBmakeCcarryDbuy29AniceBsafeClongDquick30AbuildBtestCcleanDguard31AhelpedBendedCallowedDmeant32AhuntedBtrainedCseenDfed33AsatisfactionBambitionCexpectationDintention34AworkBmemoryCrecordDstory35AleftBcaughtCattackedDs
25、eparated36AboilingBaverageCnormalDfreezing37AtidyBdryCnewDsoft38ABy the wayBRegardless of thatCNeedless to sayDIn either case39AsurvivedBresistedCescapedDrecovered40AsmarterBstrongerChappierDbusier【答案】21D22D23C24A25B26D27B28C29C30A31D32C33A34A35B36D37B38C39A40B【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国
26、家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。22考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. int
27、roduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C.
28、 thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。25考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。26考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据
29、“that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“w
30、ith a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。29考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子
31、栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。33考查
32、名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautifu
33、l stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。36考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling
34、”得知温度很低。故选D项。37考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。38考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者
35、当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。39考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。40考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。
36、根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。1. Passage 1（2021·安徽池州市·高三期末） I was in deep thought. The year drew to a 1 . What would I accomplish in the next?I looked up at the 2 in the distance. They were white now. Not long ago, they were brown. In the
37、 time Ive lived in Idaho, Ive had the opportunity to watch the 3 of seasons make their changes on those mountains I am never 4 of seeing.My first 5 of them came in September. The sides of the mountains were painted green with the leaves.Near the top were pines. The days moved on. The weather 6 . The
38、 leaves browned. The mountain changed.Fall 7 to winter. I stood and watched the top of the mountains turn a blinding white. Im not a skier, but I imagined the excitement of 8 down the side of those mountainsfree, fast, and 9 .Winter turned to 10 . The snow in the valley 11 . The weeks passed, the gr
39、een in the valley flowed 12 up the slopes like a reversed waterfall. The mountains were as I first saw them, green and leafy.On this New Years Eve, the mountains are white again. I saw so many changes, but were they changes? The mountains are never changing. Like people, they only changed 13 to fit
40、the weather. They didnt allow outside influences to 14 what lie beneath their coats of changing colors. They were always the same.Im in my third season of life. A little snow has 15 at my peak. My clothing changed to 16 my seasons. Next year and all my years to follow, I want to be as constant as a
41、mountain. Although my looks change, I want to be 17 . My body will change coats many times, but when my day is done, I want people to say, “No matter what the seasons of life 18 , he never changed inside. He never 19 the pressures of the seasons or the weathers of life to change what he was undernea
42、th. He was a 20 mountain you could rely on.”1AcloseBchangeCpracticeDagreement2AruinsBremainsCtreesDmountains3AvarietyBorderCstressDcycle4AtiredBinformedCaccusedDconvinced5AsightBintentionCsceneryDdesire6AwannedBcooledCimprovedDcontinued7AcontributedBgave wayCsubscribedDgave in8AthrowingBslippingCcli
43、mbingDbattling9AfrustratedBmotivatedCpanickedDthrilled10AspringBsummerCfallDwinter11AmultipliedBdisappearedCstayedDthickened12AsteadilyBimmediatelyCgraduallyDcasually13ArulesBcolorsCcoatsDmeasures14AuncoverBchangeCexposeDremove15AmeltedBslimmedCgatheredDfrozen16AinstructBconfirmCfitDfight17Ainspirin
44、gBreliableCchallengingDbrave18AfetchedBtookCpresentedDrewarded19ArequestedBexpectedCmeantDallowed20AnaturallyBconsequentlyCdefinitelyDinstantly【答案】1A2D3D4A5A6B7B8B9D10A11B12A13C14B15C16C17B18C19D20C【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述作者的人生感悟。群山随着四季循环，山的外层颜色不断的变化，但山的内在永远不会变，从而感慨自己的人生，随着生命季节的变化，作者的外表发生了改变，但希望内心不变，成为一个对
45、于他人来说真正值得依赖的人。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一年接近尾声。A. close关闭，结束；B. change改变；C. practice实践，练习；D. agreement协议，一致。分析可知，后文“What would I accomplish in the next?”中的“in the next”应是指下一年，因此可推知，本句“The year drew to a _1_”应是指这一年要结束了，“draw to a close”，固定短语，意为“渐近结束；告终”，符合语境。故选A项。2考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抬头望着远处的群山。A. ruins废墟，残存部分；B. remains剩余物，古迹；C. trees树木；D. mountains山脉。根据后文“on those mountains”可知，此处表达作者“眺望远山”。故选D项。3考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我住在爱达荷州的时间里，我有机会在那些我永远看不腻的山上观察季节的循环和它们