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1、2021-2022学年上学期初中英语外研新版八年级期中必刷常考题之副词一.选择题(共20小题)(2020 秋河西区期中)The new train travels of all the trains in the world.()A- fasterB the fasterD. fastC - the fastest(2020 秋桃江县期末)Who listens, Tom, Jack or Bill?()A. the most carefullyB. more carefulC more carefully(2020 秋黄石期中)She cleans the shoes in her fami
2、ly.()A , the most carefullyB. the most carefulC. more carefulD. more carefully(2019 秋老边区期中)-Who lives school in your class?-Jimmy does. His home is just next to school.()A. close toB. closest toC - far fromD. farthest from5 . (2019 秋老边区期中)all the students in his class , Li Huawrites .()A. Of; the mo
3、st carefullyB. In; the most carefullyC. Of; very carefullyD. In; much more carefully(2020 秋瓯海区期中)-How is your hometown?My hometown Wenzhou is a modern city and you can see new buildings.()A. somewhere B. nowhereC. everywhere D. anywhere(2020 秋瓯海区期中)-Tom, you never do your homework as as your sister.
4、Youmake so many mistakes.-Sorry , I will be careful next time , Mom.()A. goodB. wellC. betterD. bad【考点】形容词的比拟级和最高级;副词的词义辨析.【分析】乘火车旅行比乘飞机廉价得多,也更愉快。【解答】much更加,其后接形容词或副词的比拟级;more (与两个或两个以上音节的形 容词或副词连用,构成比拟级)更;very非常,修饰形容词或副词原级;verymuch非常。 第一空后”cheaper”是比拟级,第一空用much; much修饰并列的比拟级,enjoyable的比 较级是 more en
5、joyableo应选:Ao【点评】考查程度副词的用法,要分清哪些词能修饰比拟级;同时还要注意形容词比拟 级的变化规那么。18. (2020 秋旅顺口区期中)-Is the maths problem easy?-Yes, I can work it out.()A. easilyB. carelesslyC. especially D. loudly【考点】副词的词义辨析.【分析】-这道数学题简单吗?-是的,我可以很容易地解出。【解答】A表示简单地、容易地,B表示粗心地、马虎地,C表示尤其、特别,D表示 大声地。根据题干中回答可知这道数学题很简单,我可以很容易地解出它,那么A选项符 合题意。应
6、选:Ao【点评】此题考查副词辨析,基础题,熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。19. (2020 秋可东区期中)The sea is very beautiful, in summer.()A. certainlyB. finallyC. especially D. luckily【考点】副词的词义辨析.【分析】海很美,尤其在夏天.【解答】certainly当然,finally最后,especially,尤其是,luckily幸运的是,根据题意, 海特别美,尤其在夏天,可知especially符合题意.应选:C.【点评】掌握副词的含义和用法,根据题意选出正确答案.20. (2019 秋西城
7、区校级期中)We should listen to the teacher in class.()A. carefulB. carefullyC. carelessD. carelessly【考点】副词的词义辨析.【分析】我们应该在课堂上认真听老师讲课。【解答】careful认真的,形容词;carefully认真地,副词;careless粗心的,形容词;carelessly 粗心地,副词。listen to是动词短语,故用副词修饰;根据常识可知,要认真听老师讲课。 用 carefullyo应选:Bo【点评】副词通常用来修饰动词或形容词,这里修饰动词,要结合语境,辨析选项词性 及意思,选择合适答
8、案完成试题。考点卡片1.常用介词的辨析【常用介词的辨析】一、表示计量的介词:at, for, by1 . at表示”以速度心以价格二如:It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.它以每小时 900 公里的速度飞行.2 .for表示”用交换,以为代价,如:He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了.二、表示材料的介词:of, from, inof成品仍可看出原料.如:This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的.1. from成品已看不出原料,如:Wine is made from grapes
9、.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.3.1 n表示用某种材料或语言.如:Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格.三、表示关于的介词:of, about, onof仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如:He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片.1. about指关于某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如:Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?2. on指“关于“学术性的或严肃的事.如:Its a textbook on the hi
10、story of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.四、表示好像或当作的介词:like, as1.like表示“像样”,其实不是.如:Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪.2. as表示”作为,以身份”,其实也是.如:He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.五、表示支持或反对的介词:against, foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词.如:Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想
11、法?六、表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, exceptbesides是包括后面所提人或物在内的”除外,还”.如:Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.(他和另外30人都去了)He is interested in tennis besides football.除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.1. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去二如:Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动.(他们激动,而我却不激动)形容词的比拟级和最高级【概念】形容词的
12、比拟级和最高级:比拟级就是将二者进行比拟产生的词形,是由形容词原级转化而来的,一般是在原级后面加 er,也有一些不规那么的转化,比方good - better, bad-worse等等.相对二者的比拟,还有 三者及以上的比拟,这时就产生了最高级.在英语中通常用以下方式表示的词:在形容词前 加more或加后缀-er.典型的是指形容词所表示的质、量或关系的增加.英语句子中,将 比拟两个主体的方法叫做叱匕较句型,其中,像“A比B更”的表达方式称为比拟级.组成 句子的方式是将形容词变化成比拟级的形态.【结构】形容词比拟级和最高级规那么变化原那么.构成方法原级比拟级最高级单音节词和少数双音fastfas
13、terfastest节词在词尾加- er或longlongerlongest-estsmartsmartersmartest以字母e结尾的形容nicenicernicest词,加-r或-stlatelaterlatest重读闭音节,词尾只有bigbiggerbiggest一个辅音字母时,应先hothotterhottest双写辅音字母,再加-thiner 或一estfat以辅音字母+y结尾的easy双音节词,先改为happy空,再加-er或-esthealthy局部双音节词和多音tired节词在前面加more或carefulmostbeautifulimportantmany/muchlitt
14、le不规那么变化Goodbad/illfarold双写辅音字母,再加-thiner 或一estfat以辅音字母+y结尾的easy双音节词,先改为happy空,再加-er或-esthealthy局部双音节词和多音tired节词在前面加more或carefulmostbeautifulimportantmany/muchlittle不规那么变化Goodbad/illfaroldthinnerfatterthinnest fattesteasiereasiesthappierhappiesthealthierhealthiestmore tiredmost tiredmore carefulmost
15、 carefulmore beautifulmost beautifulmore importantmost importantmoremostlessleastbetterbestworseworstfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest【用法】一、形容词比拟级的用法:1 .表示两者进行比拟时用形容词比拟级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为”A+比拟级 +than+B”.例:Li Lei*s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大.This mooncake is nicer than
16、that one.这块月饼比那块好吃.注意:为了防止重复,在从句中常用the one, that, those等词来替代前面出现过的名词.其 中the one替代可数名词单数形式,the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式,that替代不可 数名词.例:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.北京的天气比广州的天气冷.2 .表示“两者之间最一个(of the two) ”时,常用the+比拟级”结构.例:Mary is the taller of the twins.Mary是双胞胎中的高个子.3
17、 .表示“越来越”,用比拟级重叠结构,即”比拟级+and+比拟级”,多音节词和局部双音节 词时用more and more+形容词原级例:Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的家乡越来越漂亮了.4 .表示”越就越”时,用the+比拟级,the+比拟级”结构.例:The more we get together, the happier well be.我们越是在一起,就越开心.二、形容词最高级的用法:表示三者或三者以上(人或物
18、)的比拟,其中有一个超过其他儿个.形容词最高级前要加the, 后面通常带of (in)短语来说明比拟的范围(of后的名词或代词表示与主语属同一类;in表 示时间或空间范围).在我们班上他最高. Miho is the youngest student because she was born later than anyone else in her class.玛丽是这三个学生中最小的.Mary is the tallest among the three students.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查形容词,形容词等级是考查的重点.对形容词等级的考查主要出现在单 项选择题中.5 .副
19、词的比拟级和最高级【概念】.副词:副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态、特征的词,是用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句,说 明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.1 .比拟级和最高级:绝大多数副词有三种形式,原级,比拟级和最高级,用来说明事物的等级差异,说明事物性 质在程度上的不同.2 .概念点拨:副词的原级:副词的原级形式就是词典中出现的副词的原形.例如:quickly, very, quite, carefully 等.副词的比拟级和最高级:副词的比拟级和最高级形式是在副词的原级形式的基础上变化 的.分为规那么变化和不规那么变化.副词比拟级和最高级的变化】.副词比拟级和最高级的规那么变化:单音节词一般在
20、词尾加-er和- est构成比拟级和最高级.fast (原级)faster (比拟级)fastest (最高级)hard (原级)harder (比拟级)hardest (最高级)以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/ -st.late (原级)later (比拟级)latest (最高级)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,先把y改为i,再加-er/-est.early (原级)earlier (比拟级)earliest (最高级)多音节词以及局部双音节词在原级前面加more和most构成比拟级和最高级.beautifully (原级)more beautifully (比拟级级)most b
21、eautifully (最高级)carefully (原级)more carefully (比拟级级)most carefully (最高级)1 .副词的比拟级和最高级的常用不规那么变化:原级比拟级最局级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther (further)farthest (furthest)温馨提示:副词前如加less和lest那么表示“较不“和“最不”. less quickly较不迅速.lest quickly最不迅速.【用法】1.比拟级的用法:(1)副词的比拟级用于两个人或事物的比拟,其
22、结构形式如下:主语+谓语+副词比拟级+than+比照成分.也就是,含有副词比拟级的主句+than+从句.注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的局部, 而只剩下比照的成分.例:-I think that Jane writes than Mike.-So she does.A. carefulB. more carefully C. more careful分析:-我认为简比迈克写得认真.-她确实是.解答:B.考查副词比拟级.句意”-我认为简比迈克写得认真.-她确实是.“than意为“ 比”,是比拟级的标志,在句子中修饰动词时应该用副词,句中writes“意为“写”是实意动词, 应选B.点评:考查副
23、词的比拟级,谓语动词是实义动词,且than与比拟级连用,故空中必须用副 词的比拟级.(2)比拟级前面可以用many, much, far, a little, a bit, a lot等词修饰表示程度.例: You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little?A. more slowly B. most slowlyC. more loudly分析:你说得太快了,你能说慢一点儿吗?解答:A.考查副词的比拟等级.句意“你说得太快了,你能说 吗? ”根据句意推理空中信息应为“更慢一些二用比拟级,应选A.点评:考查副词的比拟等级,语境中蕴含了前后动作的
24、比拟.(3)比拟级的前面可以用any和no来修饰.We were too tired to walk any.A. farther B. farC. farer分析:我们太累了不能往前走了.解答:A.考查副词的比拟等级.句意“我们太累了不能.”根据句意推理空中信息应为“更远”,any修饰比拟级,强调程度,应选A.点评:考查副词的比拟等级,any修饰形容词或副词要用比拟级,空中信息应该用比拟级.(4)两个副词的比拟级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思.其结构可以是:比拟级+and+比拟级,而多音节词可以用more and more+比拟级结构.例: My brother studies and his
25、 grades will be better and better.A. more carefully B. more and more carefully C. more carefully and more carefully 分析:我弟弟学习越来越认真,他的成绩将会越来越好.解答:B.考查副词的比拟级.句意“我弟弟学习越来越认真,他的成绩将会越来越好.根 据句中studies”和and”可知空中信息应为副词的比拟级,因carefully时多音 节词,故可以用more and more+比拟级结构,应选B.点评:考查副词的比拟级动词时态,空中内容表示“越来越,故用more and more
26、+比拟级 结构.(5)如果表示越,就越”可以用the+比拟级,the+比拟级”的结构.The harder you works, the more you will get.你越努力学习,你得到的就越多.(6)当比拟的双方属于同一范围内时候,用other或者else排除自己.Susan sings better than any other girl in her class.苏三比她班上其他任何一个女孩唱得好.(7)如果比拟的双方不属于同一范围内时候,那么不存在和自己比拟的情况,所以可以不用 other 或者 else.Susan sings better than any girl in
27、Toms class.苏三比汤姆班上任何一个女孩唱得好.2.最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比拟,其结构形式为:(1) Which (Who)动词 + (the) + 最高级?意指三个以上的事物或人当中”哪一个(人)最为呢? ”Who works (the) hardest Bill, Till or Hill? Bill, Till 和 H川谁工作最努力?(2)主语+动词+ (the) +副词最高级+of (in)表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比拟,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时,用最高 级.其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个口寸,用最高级.最高级前面一般要加定冠词th
28、e, 后面可带of (in)短语来说明比拟的范围.Tom finished the work (the) most carefully of us all.在我们所有人当中汤姆完成这项工作最认真.My brother always arrives at his school earliest in his class.在他的班里,我弟弟总是到校最早地.(3)最高级的表示方法:可以用原级、比拟级、最高级三种方式来表达最高级,总结如下:她在她们班里跳舞跳得最好.最高级:She dances (the) best in her class.比拟级:She dances better than any
29、 other student do in her class.原级: No other student in her class dances as well as she.【易混淆点】(1) of和in的区别”of+复数”表示”在之中的“;“在中”:of the four在四个之中;of all (people)在所有的人之中;of all the boys在所有的男孩中;of us在我们之中;of all things在所有的事情当中.in+范围、场所“译为“在之中”;”在之内”:in the house 在家中;in China在中国;in the world在世界上;in our sc
30、hool在我们学校;in my family在我们家.(2) which和what在一定数目的范围内做选择时用which,从不定数中做选择时用what.Which do you speak (the) most freely English, Chinese or German?英语,汉语,德语你哪 门说的最流利?(在一定数目的范围内做选择)What do like (the) most among Chinese food?在中国食物中,你最喜欢什么?(从不定数 中做选择)【解题方法点拨】如果题干有明显的标志词,可以根据标志词状语确定词性和级别.没有明显的标志词,那么根据语境判断词性和级别.
31、掌握原级、比拟级和最高级的用法联系.例如比拟级形式表最高级含义.【中考命题方向】(2020 秋瑶海区期中)I study English as as my sister. We often practice Englishtogether.()A. hardly;to speakB. hard;to speakC. harder;speakingD. hard;speaking(2020 秋马山县期中)we work at English, grades we will get.()A. The harder; the betterB. Harder; betterC. Hardest; be
32、stD. hard; best(2019 秋老边区期中)- Why does our writing teacher ask us to read more books?- books we read, our writing is.()A. The more; the betterB. Most;bestC. More; betterD. Many; good(2019 秋横县期中)The carefully you are, the mistakes you will make.()A. more;fewerB. much; fewerC. more; lessD. much;less(2
33、020 秋和平区校级期中)一Whats the movie theater in town?I think its Movie World because you can sit the most.()A. good; comfortableB. good; comfortablyC. best; comfortablyD. best; comfortable(2020 秋和平区校级期中)1 usually read a lot when I was a young girl, but now I readas as I used to.()A. am; not manyB. am; not
34、muchC. dont; manyD. dont; much(2020 秋合肥期中)Could you please speak little more ? I canft follow you.()A. quietlyB. slowlyC. quicklyD. fluently(2020 秋苍南县期中)-Your writing is careless and thats why you cant get good grades.-Don,t worry about that, I will write more.()A. easilyB. carefullyC. slowlyD. quic
35、kly副词是中考必考的知识点,重点考查副词易混辨析、副词比拟级和最高级的用法.归纳易混 的副词区别,掌握副词比拟级和最高级的构成,副词原级、比拟级和最高级的用法,明确副 词的修饰原那么以及在句中的位置,寻找有效切入点,准确排除错误选项.4 .地点副词【概念】表示地点的副词和表示位置关系的副词统称为地点副词.表示地点的:here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, abroad, elsewhere 等.表示位置关系的:above, below, down, up, out,
36、in, across, back, along, over, round, around, away, near, off, on, inside, outside, past 等.【用法】地点副词常放在动词后面,如果是及物动词,一般就放在宾语后面.如:I remember having seen him somewhere.地点副词和时间副词并列使用时,一般要把地点副词放在时间副词之前.如: We had a meeting here yesterday.He did the work carefully here yesterday.如果地点状语很长时,也可以放在时间状语之后.如:He w
37、as born in 1940 in a small village at the foot of Mount Tai.在表示位置关系的副词中,有些副词也可用作介词(如:above, over, beyond, around, below, down, up, in, along, near, off, on, past 等),在没有宾语时就是副词, 有宾语时就是介词,如:Come in, please.(副 词)They live in the next room.(介词)Lets take along.(副词) Lets walk along this street. (介词)She lo
38、oked around.(副词) They sat around the table.(介词)Lets go on with the work.(副词)What subject will you speak on? (介词)地点副词常可以用作表语They are inside. 他们在里面.How long will she be away?她要离开多久?When will you be back? 你什么时候回来?You havent been around much. 你很少到这边来.Hell be round in an hour. 他一个小时内就到.Now autumn is in.
39、秋天来了.【易混易错点】arrive是不及物动词,表示“到达、抵达某地(尤指行程的终点),后常接介词at或in, 一 般in接大地方,at接小地方,假设是地点副词,那么不需用介词.例如:Do you know what time the plane arrive in Moscow?reach是及物动词,直接接宾语,无须介词,和arrive一样,属正式用语.例如:reach homeThey reached Beijing on February 17.get也是不及物动词,只是它多用于口语,其后接的介词是to,后面如接副词,那么不用介 词to.例如:get to school /get ho
40、me【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查地点副词频率较高,所占分数也比拟多,试题类型较灵活,分布在单项 选择,完形填空,句型转换题,语法填空题等.5 .副词的词义辨析【常见副词词义辨析】1. how often, how long, how far, how soon(1) how often有“多久一次”的意思,是就做某事的频率提问.常用“Twice a year. ,“Three times a week. ”等回答.如:-How often do you watch TV ?你多久看一次电视?-Three times a week.每周三次.(2)howlong表示”时间多久或物体多长”,
41、表示时间侧重指”一段时间”.针对nhow longH 的回答一般是时间段,如for three days,three years”.如:-How long did he stay here ?他在这儿待了多久?-About two weeks.大约两个星期.(3) how soon表示“多久之后”,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问.how soon的回答一般是:in+时间段.如:-How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来?-In an hour.一小时以后.(4) how far是提问”路程有多远”,询问距离.如:How far is it from his house
42、?距离他家有多远?2. too, enough, so同作副词,差异大(1) too作副词,用在“tooto”结构中,tooto结构中的动词不定式局部为否认意义,意 为”太而不能如:He is too young to go to school.他年龄太小了不能上学.(2) enough用作副词时,意为“足够“,形容词或副词原级+enough to”结构意为“足以能够”, 是肯定意义.如:He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的年龄了.(3) so意为“如此“,用于“sothat(如此以至于)”, so后接形容词或副词,that后面加从句.如:He is
43、so old that he cant go on working.他年龄太大,不能继续工作了.3. already, still, yet 用法巧辨析already通常用于完成时的肯定句中,表示“已经”.如:I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了.(1) yet用来谈论某事是否已经发生,多用于疑问句和否认句中.在疑问句中,意为“已经”, 在否认句中意为“还,尚”,通常放在句末;not yet可用于简略回答,意为“还没有”.如: He hasnt finished reading the book yet.他还没有读完这本书.-Have you fini
44、shed your homework ?你完成家庭作业了吗?-No, not yet.不,还没有.(2) still意为”仍然,还二强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续.在现在进行 时中,still只表示动作正在持续.如:Hes still living with his mother.他仍与母亲住在一起.4. either, also, too 用法”也“不同also用于肯定句,常用在实义动词前be动词后.如:He also attended the meeting yesterday.昨天他也参加了会议.He is also a scientist.他也是科学家.(1) too用于肯
45、定句,在句末,too前须有逗号.如:He can swim, too.他也会游泳.(2) e汕er用于否认句,通常放在句末,之前需加逗号.如:He didnt attend the meeting, either.他也没去参加会议.5. ago, before”以前”差异大(1 )ago表示”从现在起假设干时间以前”,常与动词一般过去式连用,而且ago只能作副词.如:He left Shanghai three days ago.他三天前离开了上海.(2) before表示“从过去某时起假设干时间以前”,常与过去完成式连用.before既可作副词又 可作介词和连词.如:I had finish
46、ed the work two days before.两天前我已完成了工作.(副词)I visited him two days ago, but he had gone to Paris five days before.我于两天前去访问他,可是他已于那日5天前赴巴黎去了.(副词)much too, too much词序颠倒,意不同(1) too much可以用作副词,也可以形容词,意为”太多、过于、用作副词时,在句中作状语.如:Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太久,对你的眼睛不好.His father was too much surprised to see him here.他的爸爸看到他在这儿非常吃惊.too much用作形容词时,常用来修饰不可数名词.如:He drank too much beer last night.他昨晚酒喝得太多.Please dont waste too much money.请不要浪费太多的钱.too much用作名词时,在句中作主语、宾语或表