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1、2021-2022学年上学期初中英语外研新版八年级期中必刷常考题之动词词义一.选择题(共25小题)(2020 秋合肥期中)-Hello. What can I do for you?-I want to a room with breakfast.()A. cleanB. bookC. buildD. make(2020 秋吨瓦海区期中)-What did you do on National Day?-I good time with my family.()A. spentB. costC. tookD. paid(2020 秋新邱区期中)Would you please speak mo
2、re slowly? I can hardly you.()A. talk withB. agree withC. followD. hear(2020 秋新邱区期中)In this way, we can the wild animals better.()A. offerB. describeC. produceD. protect(2020 秋苍南县期中)-How much is your new bike?-It me 600 yuan.()A. costB. tookC. spentD. paid(2020 秋河西区期中)Its not easy to find a place to
3、 cars in the city centre.()A. bookB. parkC. matchD. pass(2020 秋河西区期中)Tennis is a little dangerous because you may your knee.( )A. hurtB. protectC. produceD. develop(2020 秋市中区期中)I much money the new house.()A. spent; onB. spent;forC. paid; on(2020 秋市中区期中)Tom Sam in the match and the prize.()A. won; b
4、eatB. won; gotC. beat; won(2020 秋旅顺 口区期中)The play Tea house the changes in Chinese societyover 50 years.()A. describesB. givesC. makesD. takes(2020 秋旅顺口区期中)It me over 2 years to get the first prize.()A- took upB. set upC. put upD. stood up【考点】动词短语.【分析】-你认识著名商人HeChaoyu吗?-当然,他还为温州办了很多学校。【解答】took up占用;
5、set up创办、建立;put up张贴;stood up起立。根据many schools” 很多学校”可知,应该是“创办“setup。应选:Bo【点评】考查动词短语,在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法,结合语境,选 择合适的搭配,完成试题。20. (2020 秋市中区期中)When youre reading a book, youd better not every word inthe dictionary.()A. look outB. look upC. look after【考点】动词短语.【分析】当你在读书的时候,你最好不要在字典里查找每一个单词。【解答】look out
6、小心,look up查找,look after照顾,结合句意,可知最好不要在字典 里查找每一个单词。应选:Bo【点评】掌握动词短语的含义,结合句意作答。21. (2020 秋旅顺 口区期中)The fans the players loudly, so they played a lotharder.()A - warmed upB. cheered onC. played againstD. smiled at【考点】动词短语.【分析】球迷们大声为运发动加油,所以他们踢得更加卖力了。【解答】warmed up热身;cheered on鼓励;为打气;played against同比赛;smil
7、edat对微笑。根据”所以他们踢得更加卖力了何知”球迷们大声为运发动加油”。应选:Bo【点评】考查动词短语,题目要求学生在日常学习中多积累动词短语并牢记其含义.做 题时要在知道各选项含义的基础上,结合具体语境得出正确答案.22. (2020 秋瑶海区期中)The decision to a No Homework Day every week is welcomedby all students.()A. wake upB. set upC. cheer upD. hurry up【考点】动词短语.【分析】设立每个星期无作业日的决定受到了所有学生的欢迎。【解答】wake up意为“醒来”,se
8、t up意为”建立,设立“,cheer up意为”使高兴,使振奋”, hurry up意为“赶快,快点”,根据句意:每个星期无作业日的决定受到了所有学生的 欢迎。横线上所缺的成分应该是可以与a N。Homework Day搭配的动词短语,所以选择 set up。应选:Bo【点评】此题考查动词短语的词义辨析,掌握动词短语的意思是做此题的关键。23. (2019 秋横县期中)My sister is old enough to herself.()A. look outB. look atC. look afterD. look in【考点】动词短语.【分析】我妹妹长大了,可以自己照顾自己了。【解
9、答】look out小心;look at看;look after照顾;look in调查。根据语境可知我妹妹长 大了,可以自己照顾自己了。应选:Co【点评】考查动词短语,题目要求学生在日常学习中多积累动词短语并牢记其含义.做 题时要在知道各选项含义的基础上,结合具体语境得出正确答案.24. (2020 秋瑶海区期中)-Please remember the words in this lesson.-Yes, and I will in my notebook.()A. write it downB. write them downC. write down themD. write down
10、 it【考点】动词短语.【分析】-请记住这节课的单词.-是的,我会把它们记在笔记本上.【解答】write down写下,宾语是代词的时候放中间,结合句意:-请记住这节课的单 词.-是的,我会把它们记在笔记本上.宾语是复数.应选:Bo【点评】此题考查动词词组的辨析,在熟知各个词组意思的基础上与句子的语境相结合,从而得出正确的答案.25. (2020 秋浦北县期中)Yesterday I tried to a picture on the wall, and Li Ming helpedme.()A. put inB. put onC. put upD. put out【考点】动词短语.【分析】昨
11、天我想把一幅画贴在墙上,李明帮了我的忙。【解答】putin安装;puton穿上;putup张贴;举起;putout熄灭。根据语境可知昨天 我想把一幅画贴在墙上。根据题干中的“一幅画“以及“在墙上“可知选择“张贴”。应选:Co【点评】考查动词短语,题目要求学生在日常学习中多积累动词短语并牢记其含义.做 题时要在知道各选项含义的基础上,结合具体语境得出正确答案.考点卡片1.常用介词的辨析【常用介词的辨析】一、表示计量的介词:at, for, by1 . at表示”以速度心以价格二如:It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.它以每小时 900 公里的速度飞行.
12、2 .for表示”用交换,以为代价,如:He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了.二、表示材料的介词:of, from, inof成品仍可看出原料.如:This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的.1. from成品已看不出原料,如:Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.3.1 n表示用某种材料或语言.如:Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格.三、表示关于的介词:of, about, onof仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如:He s
13、poke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片.1. about指关于某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如:Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?2. on指“关于“学术性的或严肃的事.如:Its a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.四、表示好像或当作的介词:like, as1.like表示“像样”,其实不是.如:Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud
14、.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪.2. as表示”作为,以身份”,其实也是.如:He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.五、表示支持或反对的介词:against, foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词.如:Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法?六、表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, exceptbesides是包括后面所提人或物在内的”除外,还”.如:Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.(
15、他和另外30人都去了)He is interested in tennis besides football.除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.1. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去二如:Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动.(他们激动,而我却不激动)动词词义辨析【概念】动词:动词是用来表示动作或状态的词.在句子中做谓语,说明主语“是什么做什么”或 “怎么样”的词.通过动词的变化,可以知道动作发生的时间、说话人的语气、态度.【考查内容】词形相近的动词间的辨析.如 remind/remember; rise/raise; hang/hun
16、g-例 1: Sorry, Ive forgotten your name. Can you me?Fm Daniel.()A. remind B. receive C. respect D. remember分析:对不起,我忘了你的名字,你能提醒我一下吗?我是 Daniel.解答:答案:A.remind 提醒;receive 收到;respect 尊重;remember 记得.根据 Sorry, Ive forgotten your name. Can you me? Im Daniel.可知,句意是对不起,我忘了你的名字,你能提醒我一下吗? ”根据下面的回答Im Daniel.可推测句意是
17、“提醒一下”.应选A.点评:此题考查动词词义辨析.解答时注意根据句意以及所给选项的意思作答.词义相近的动词间的辨析.如 took/cost/paid/spent; borrow/lend; speak/say/talk.例 2: Wow, your sweater is very beautiful!Thank you. I bought it two days ago. It me $ 50.()A. tookA. tookB - costC. paid D. spent.分析:哇,你的毛衣很漂亮!谢谢.我两天前买的.它花费了我50美元.解答:答案:B.It takes sb some ti
18、me to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事.人+spend+时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth表示某人花费时间/金钱做某事.人+spend+时间/金钱+on+名词,表示某人在某物上花费 时间/金钱.sth costs sb+金钱,表示某物花了某人多少钱.人+pay+钱+for,表示为某物付钱.根 据题干I bought it two days ago. It me $ 50.可知这是某物花了某人多少钱,即sth costssb+金钱,应选B.点评:了解每个选项的含义是做好词类题型的关键,还要从句意桌搜,根据句意作答,所以 平时的学习中要多积累词汇,才能很好的完成.意义不同,但容易
19、混淆的动词的辨析.如End/find out; take/leave; explain/say*例 3: Can you a message? Yes. Please ask Tom to ring me back.()A. give B. take C. leave.分析:你能帮我带个口信吗?可以.请让汤姆给我回 .解答:答案:B.句意”你能帮我带个口信吗?可以.请让汤姆给我问 .“give给,take带,leave离开.take a message带个口信,固定搭配,应选B.点评:动词是表示动作或者状态的词,要结合语境,注意时态、人称等的变化,掌握常用的 固定搭配.【解题方法点拨】分析词义
20、,根据上下句意思进行选择.根据常用动词的用法进行筛选.根据动词的固定短语用法,进行筛选.分析句子时态,选择动词的正确形式作答.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词的词义辨析、意义相近但容易混淆的动词、常用动词的习惯用法、 常用动词短语.这些是考查的重点.3.动词短语【概念】动词短语:动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语(以动词为中心),表达一个概念,其作 用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配.在实际使用中,通常会把动词短语当成一个整体.【用法】(1)动词+副词:在“动词+副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况:宾语如是名词,那么可置于副词后面,亦可置 于动词和副词之间.而如果宾语是代词,只
21、能置于动词后面,即动词和副词之间.例:First put some salt into the water and then.()A. mix them up B. mix up them C. mix it up D. mix up it分析:首先放一些盐在水里,然后搅拌它们.解答:分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是首先放一些盐在水里,然后搅拌它们.这里salt 是不可数名词,用it指代,放在中间,应选C.(2)动词+副词+介词:在这类动词短语中,动词、副词、介词紧密结合,是动副词组和动介词组的合成体,词义上 相当于一个及物动词.它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点,但宾语总是位于介词之后.彳列:She
22、 is planning her project. Lets help her some good ideas.()A. come out B. come up C. come up with D. catch up with分析:她正在计划她的工程,让我们帮助她想出一些好主意.解答:come out出来,出现,出版,come up发生,上来,come up with想出,catch up with 追上,赶上;结合句意”她正在计划她的工程,让我们帮助她想出一些好主意.”可知,要用 是一般现在时,help后面跟动词原形,故答案为C.其它三个选项语意不通.(3)动词+名词:这类动词短语中的常见动
23、词是have, take, give, make等,后面的名词通常是从动词转化而 来的动作名词,并表达了短语动词的真正意义.彳列:The old man, and he wants to see a doctor now.()A. has fever B. have a fever C. has a fever D. has fevers分析:这位老人发烧了,他现在想去看医生.解答:考查动词短语.have a fever是固定短语,意思是“发烧”;结合句意”这位老人发烧, 他现在想去看医生.”可知,要用是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人 称单数形式,故答案为c.(4) be+形
24、容词+介词:be+形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)+介词相当于及物动词,宾语位于介词后面,形容词 是短语动词的真正词义.例:This pair of shoes hand.()A. is made with B. are made from C. are made of D. is made by分析:这双鞋是手工做的.解答:考查动词短语.A用.什么东西制造.B.由制造(看不出原材料).C.由制造 (看出原材料).D.由制造(由某人).结合语境”这双鞋是手工做的.可知,由双手制造,用is made by.选D.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词短语的用法,意义相近的动词短语、但容易混淆的短语
25、、常用动词 短语.这些是考查的重点.A paidB - costC. spentD. took(2020 秋和平区校级期中)The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded busthis morning.()A. broughtB. offeredC. madeD. taught(2020 秋和平区校级期中)Their team us last year, so this year we are trainingharder.()A. lostB. beatC. wonD. missed(2019 秋老边区期中)The play us
26、 some stories at the lost and found office. Theyre very interesting.()A. makesB. sellsC. asksD. shows(2019 秋老边区期中)A11 of my friends cheered us on and finally, we them in the lastmatch.()A. trainedB. beatC. warmD. mind(2020 秋合月巴期中)-Have you heard about shopping gala on Nov. 11 ?-Of course. You know,
27、when Mr. Ma first his company, it was very small.()A. setupB. called outC. picked upD. found out(2020 秋瓯海区期中)-Tom cant go to play basketball with us.-He has to his mother , because she is ill.()A. look atB. look forC. look up.D. look after(2020 秋新邱区期中)We should the teacher carefully in class.()A. li
28、stenB. listeningC. listening toD. listen to(2020 秋苍南县期中)-Do you know He Chaoyu, a famous businessman?-Of course, and he many schools for Wenzhou.()A. took upB. set upC. put upD. stood up(2020 秋市中区期中)When youre reading a book, youd better not every word inthe dictionary.()A - look outB . look upC. lo
29、ok after(2020 秋旅顺口区期中)The fans the players loudly, so they played a lotharder.(A - warmed upB. cheered onC. played againstD. smiled at(2020 秋瑶海区期中)The decision to a No Homework Day every week is welcomedby all students.()A. wake upB. set upC. cheer upD. hurry up(2019 秋横县期中)My sister is old enough to
30、 herself.()A. look outB. look atC. look afterD. look in(2020 秋瑶海区期中)-Please remember the words in this lesson.-Yes, and I will in my notebook.()A write it downB. write them downC write down themD . write down it(2020 秋浦北县期中)Yesterday I tried to a picture on the wall, and Li Ming helpedme.()A. put in
31、B. put onC. put upD. put out2021-2022学年上学期初中英语外研新版八年级期中必刷常考题之动词词义参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共25小题)1. (2020 秋合月巴期中)-Hello. What can I do for you ?-I want to a room with breakfast.()A. cleanB. bookC. buildD. make【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】你好您有什么事?我想订,间带早餐的房间。【解答】clean使干净;book预订;build建造;make制作。根据句意”-你好您有什么事? 我想 一间带早餐的房间。”可知,b
32、ook符合句意。应选:Bo【点评】做题时,在明确各选项含义的基础上,结合具体语境,即可得出答案。2. (2020 秋区瓦海区期中)-What did you do on National Day?-I good time with my family.()A. spentB. costC. tookD. paid【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】-国庆节你做什么了?-我与家人度过好时光。【解答】spend花费,度过,后跟时间和金钱,cost花费,后跟金钱,主语为物,took花 费,后跟时间,主语为物,paid花费,后跟金钱,主语为人,结合句意,可知- -国庆 节你做什么了?-我与家人度过好时光。应
33、选:Ao【点评】掌握动词的含义和用法,结合句意作答。3. (2020 秋新邱区期中)Would you please speak more slowly? I can hardly you.()A. talk withB. agree withC. followD. hear【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】你可以说慢一点吗?我几乎跟不上你。【解答】talk with聊天,agree with同意,follow跟随,hear听到,结合句意,可知你可 以说慢一点吗?我几乎跟不上你。应选:Co【点评】掌握动词的含义,结合句意作答。4 .(2020 秋新邱区期中)In this way, we can
34、the wild animals better.()A. offerB. describeC. produceD. protect【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】这样,我们可以更好地保护野生动物。【解答】offer提供,describe描写,produce生产,protect保护,结合句意,可知这样, 我们可以更好地保护野生动物。应选:Do【点评】掌握动词的含义,结合句意作答。5. (2020 秋苍南县期中)-How much is your new bike?-It me 600 yuan.()A. costB. tookC. spentD. paid【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】-你的新自行
35、车多少钱?-花了我600元。【解答】pay,花费,常构成句型:pay for; cost花费,物作主语;spend花费,常构成 句型:spend-on sth 或者 spend(in) doing sth; take 花费,常构成句型:it takes sb some time to do sth花费某人多长时间做某事。根据题干,可知it是指bike,作主语,用cost。 应选:Ao【点评】熟悉动词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。6. (2020 秋河西区期中)Its not easy to find a place to cars in the city centre.()A. bookB.
36、 parkC. matchD. pass【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】在市中心找到停车的地方并不容易。【解答】A. book预定 B. park停车 C. match匹配D. pass经过。根据Its not easy to find a place to cars in the city centre,可知是指在市中心找到停车的地方并不容易。应选:Bo【点评】熟悉动词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。7. (2020 秋河西区期中)Tennis is a little dangerous because you may your knee.( )A. hurtB. protectC. prod
37、uceD. develop【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】打网球有点危险,因为你可能会伤到膝盖。【解答】A.hurt伤害 B. protect保护 C. produce产生 D. develop开展,根据 Tennis is a little dangerous,推出会伤到膝盖。应选:Ao【点评】熟悉动词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。8. (2020 秋市中区期中)I much money the new house.()A. spent; onB. spent; forC. paid; on【考点】常用介词的辨析;动词词义辨析.【分析】我在新房子上花了很多钱。【解答】spend money
38、on sth.在某物上花多少钱;pay money for sth.为某物支付多少钱。结 合选项可知BC两项搭配错误。应选:Ao【点评】考查动词辨析和固定搭配。要掌握pay和spend两个词表示“花费”时的用法区别, 从而得出正确答案。9. (2020 秋市中区期中)Tom Sam in the match and the prize.()A. won; beatB. won; gotC. beat; won【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】Tom在比赛中打败了 Sam,赢得了奖品。【解答】won赢得,后接比赛、奖品等;beat打败(某人);got获得。根据Sam in the matchn 可知
39、是在比赛中打败了 Sam,第一空用beat;再由第二空后the prize”可知第二空可知是 赢得奖品,第一空用won。应选:Co【点评】考查动词词义辨析。win和beat是近义词,要掌握两者的区别。结合题中具体信息来选择合适的答案。10. (2020 秋旅顺 口 区期中)The play Tea house the changes in Chinese societyover 50 years.()A. describesB. givesC. makesD. takes【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】话剧茶馆描述了中国社会50年来的变迁。【解答】A表示描述、描写,B表示给,C表示制作、使,D表
40、示拿、花费。根据题干 可知话剧茶馆描述了中国社会50年来的变迁,那么A选项符合题意。应选:Ao【点评】此题考查动词辨析,要求学生熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。11. (2020 秋旅顺口区期中)It me over 2 years to get the first prize.()A. paidB. costC. spentD. took【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】我花了两年多的时间才获得一等奖。【解答】A表示支付,常和介词for连用。B表示花费,主语通常是物,表示某物花费某 人多少钱,如The book cost me 20 yuan.(这本书花了我20元。)C表示花费,主语通常
41、 是人,常用得到结构有spend-on, spend- (in) doing sth.o D表示花费,常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.该句型结构,表示做某事花费某人多少时间。根据题干可知我花了 两年多的时间才获得一等奖,那么D选项符合题意。应选:D。【点评】此题考查动词辨析,要求学生熟悉选项的用法及区别,再根据题干即可作出选 择。12. (2020 秋和平区校级期中)The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded busthis morning.()A. broughtB. offeredC.
42、madeD. taught【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】今天早上在拥挤的公共汽车上,那个小男孩给一位老太太让座。【解答】brought带来;offered主动提出,提供;offer sth to sb给某人提供某物;made制 造;taught教。根据句意。应选:Bo【点评】考查动词词义辨析,要牢记词义及用法,进行比拟分析,选择正确答案。13. (2020 秋和平区校级期中)Their team us last year, so this year we are trainingharder.()A. lostB. beatC. wonD. missed【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】他们队去年
43、打败了我们,所以今年我们更加努力地训练。【解答】lost丧失;beat打败;won赢;missed错失,想念。根据”所以今年我们更加努 力地训练”。应选:Bo【点评】考查动词词义辨析,要牢记词义及用法,进行比拟分析,选择正确答案。14. (2019 秋老边区期中)The play us some stories at the lost and found office. Theyre very interesting.()A. makesB. sellsC. asksD. shows【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】这出戏给我们展示了失物招领处的一些故事.它们非常有趣.【解答】makes制作;se
44、lls卖;asks询问;shows展示.根据some stories一些故事”可知, 应该是展示了失物招领处的一些故事,show sb sth.给某人展示某物.应选:D.【点评】动词是表示动作或者是状态的词,要结合语境,辨析选项动词意思,选择合适 答案完成试题.15. (2019 秋老边区期中)All of my friends cheered us on and finally, we them in the lastmatch.()A. trainedB. beatC. warmD. mind【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】我所有的朋友都为我们加油,最后,我们在最后一场比赛中打败了他们。【解
45、答】trained训练;beat打败;warm变暖和;mind介意。结合”朋友们为我们加油” 及“最后”可知,我们打败了他们。应选:Bo【点评】结合选项中动词意思,结合语境可以选出正确答案。16. (2020 秋合月巴期中)-Have you heard about shopping gala on Nov. 11 ?-Of course. You know, when Mr. Ma first his company, it was very small.()A. setupB. called outC. picked upD. found out【考点】动词短语.【分析】-你听说过双十一购
46、物节吗?-当然了。你知道当马先生一开始建立他的公司时,它是非常小的。【解答】set up意为”建立,设立二call out意为唤起,大声叫唤,pick up意为”捡起,获得,学会”,find out意为”查明,弄清楚”,根据题意,横线上所缺的动词短语要与his company搭配,所以选择set up。应选:Ao【点评】此题考查动词短语的词义辨析。17. (2020 秋 E瓦海区期中)-Tom cant go to play basketball with us.-He has to his mother , because she is ill.()A. look atB. look for
47、C. look up.D. look after【考点】动词短语.【分析】汤姆不能和我们打篮球。他必须照顾他妈妈,因为她病了。【解答】Look at+人,看某人。Lookfor+人,寻找某人。Lookup向上看。look after照顾。根据“她病了”可知,应该是照顾妈妈。应选:Do【点评】知道这几个短语的意思是做题的关键。18. (2020 秋新邱区期中)We should the teacher carefully in class.()A. listenB. listeningC. listening toD. listen to【考点】动词短语.【分析】我们上课应该认真听老师讲课。【解答】listen to听,should是情态动词,故用动词原形。应选:Do【点评】考查动词短语,题目要求学生在日